Classical Machine Learning Algorithms and Shallower Convolutional Neural Networks Towards Computationally Efficient and Accurate Classification of Malaria Parasites

This work presents quantitative prediction of severity of the disease caused by Phytophthora infestans in potato crops using machine learning algorithms such as multilayer perceptron, deep learning convolutional neural networks, support vector regression, and random forests. The machine learning algorithms are trained using datasets extracted from multispectral data captured at the canopy level with an unmanned aerial vehicle, carrying an inexpensive digital camera. The results indicate that deep learning convolutional neural networks, random forests and multilayer perceptron using band differences can predict the level of Phytophthora infestans affectation on potato crops with acceptable accuracy.

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Maize Kernel Abortion Recognition and Classification Using Binary Classification Machine Learning Algorithms and Deep Convolutional Neural Networks

AI ◽

10.3390/ai1030024 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 1 (3) ◽

pp. 361-375

Author(s):

Lovemore Chipindu ◽

Walter Mupangwa ◽

Jihad Mtsilizah ◽

Isaiah Nyagumbo ◽

Mainassara Zaman-Allah

Keyword(s):

Machine Learning ◽

Neural Networks ◽

Convolutional Neural Networks ◽

Learning Algorithms ◽

Maize Yield ◽

Machine Learning Algorithms ◽

Deep Convolutional Neural Networks ◽

Maize Kernel ◽

Maize Ear ◽

Kernel Traits

Maize kernel traits such as kernel length, kernel width, and kernel number determine the total kernel weight and, consequently, maize yield. Therefore, the measurement of kernel traits is important for maize breeding and the evaluation of maize yield. There are a few methods that allow the extraction of ear and kernel features through image processing. We evaluated the potential of deep convolutional neural networks and binary machine learning (ML) algorithms (logistic regression (LR), support vector machine (SVM), AdaBoost (ADB), Classification tree (CART), and the K-Neighbor (kNN)) for accurate maize kernel abortion detection and classification. The algorithms were trained using 75% of 66 total images, and the remaining 25% was used for testing their performance. Confusion matrix, classification accuracy, and precision were the major metrics in evaluating the performance of the algorithms. The SVM and LR algorithms were highly accurate and precise (100%) under all the abortion statuses, while the remaining algorithms had a performance greater than 95%. Deep convolutional neural networks were further evaluated using different activation and optimization techniques. The best performance (100% accuracy) was reached using the rectifier linear unit (ReLu) activation procedure and the Adam optimization technique. Maize ear with abortion were accurately detected by all tested algorithms with minimum training and testing time compared to ear without abortion. The findings suggest that deep convolutional neural networks can be used to detect the maize ear abortion status supplemented with the binary machine learning algorithms in maize breading programs. By using a convolution neural network (CNN) method, more data (big data) can be collected and processed for hundreds of maize ears, accelerating the phenotyping process.

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Jet Features: Hardware-Friendly, Learned Convolutional Kernels for High-Speed Image Classification

Electronics ◽

10.3390/electronics8050588 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (5) ◽

pp. 588 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Taylor Simons ◽

Dah-Jye Lee

Keyword(s):

Machine Learning ◽

Neural Networks ◽

Image Classification ◽

Convolutional Neural Networks ◽

High Speed ◽

Visual Inspection ◽

Learning Algorithms ◽

Machine Learning Algorithms ◽

Inspection Tasks ◽

Eco Features

This paper explores a set of learned convolutional kernels which we call Jet Features. Jet Features are efficient to compute in software, easy to implement in hardware and perform well on visual inspection tasks. Because Jet Features can be learned, they can be used in machine learning algorithms. Using Jet Features, we make significant improvements on our previous work, the Evolution Constructed Features (ECO Features) algorithm. Not only do we gain a 3.7× speedup in software without loosing any accuracy on the CIFAR-10 and MNIST datasets, but Jet Features also allow us to implement the algorithm in an FPGA using only a fraction of its resources. We hope to apply the benefits of Jet Features to Convolutional Neural Networks in the future.

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Recognition recipes with deep machine learning

System Analysis in Science and Education ◽

10.37005/2071-9612-2020-2-177-186 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 177-186

Author(s):

Sergey Ulyanov ◽

Andrey Filipyev ◽

Kirill Koshelev

Keyword(s):

Machine Learning ◽

Neural Networks ◽

Decision Making ◽

Convolutional Neural Networks ◽

Intelligent Systems ◽

Business Processes ◽

Learning Algorithms ◽

Machine Learning Algorithms ◽

Major Task ◽

Maintenance Decision

This article aims to reveal that deep machine learning algorithms can be applied in a variety of commercial companies in order to improve developing intelligent systems. The major task which would be discussedin the application of convolutional neural networks for recognizing recipes of products and providing the possibility of maintenance decision making in business processes. Besides algorithms, the problems of real projects like gathering and preprocessing data would be considered and possible solutions suggested.

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Detecting sarcasm in multi-domain datasets using convolutional neural networks and long short term memory network model

PeerJ Computer Science ◽

10.7717/peerj-cs.645 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 ◽

pp. e645

Author(s):

Ramish Jamil ◽

Imran Ashraf ◽

Furqan Rustam ◽

Eysha Saad ◽

Arif Mehmood ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Machine Learning ◽

Neural Networks ◽

Convolutional Neural Networks ◽

Short Term Memory ◽

Learning Algorithms ◽

Machine Learning Algorithms ◽

Short Term ◽

Term Memory ◽

Proposed Model ◽

Long Short Term Memory

Sarcasm emerges as a common phenomenon across social networking sites because people express their negative thoughts, hatred and opinions using positive vocabulary which makes it a challenging task to detect sarcasm. Although various studies have investigated the sarcasm detection on baseline datasets, this work is the first to detect sarcasm from a multi-domain dataset that is constructed by combining Twitter and News Headlines datasets. This study proposes a hybrid approach where the convolutional neural networks (CNN) are used for feature extraction while the long short-term memory (LSTM) is trained and tested on those features. For performance analysis, several machine learning algorithms such as random forest, support vector classifier, extra tree classifier and decision tree are used. The performance of both the proposed model and machine learning algorithms is analyzed using the term frequency-inverse document frequency, bag of words approach, and global vectors for word representations. Experimental results indicate that the proposed model surpasses the performance of the traditional machine learning algorithms with an accuracy of 91.60%. Several state-of-the-art approaches for sarcasm detection are compared with the proposed model and results suggest that the proposed model outperforms these approaches concerning the precision, recall and F1 scores. The proposed model is accurate, robust, and performs sarcasm detection on a multi-domain dataset.

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The Prediction of Chiral Metamaterial Resonance using Convolutional Neural Networks and Conventional Machine Learning Algorithms

International Journal of Computational and Experimental Science and Engineering ◽

10.22399/ijcesen.973726 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

pp. 156-163

Author(s):

Aybike URAL ◽

Zeynep Hilal KİLİMCİ

Keyword(s):

Machine Learning ◽

Neural Networks ◽

Convolutional Neural Networks ◽

Learning Algorithms ◽

Machine Learning Algorithms ◽

Conventional Machine ◽

Chiral Metamaterial

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A Research on Deep Learning Advance for Landslide Classification using Convolutional Neural Networks

International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering - Special Issue ◽

10.35940/ijitee.f1184.0486s419 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (6S4) ◽

pp. 903-906

Keyword(s):

Machine Learning ◽

Neural Networks ◽

Feature Extraction ◽

Deep Learning ◽

Convolutional Neural Networks ◽

Learning Algorithms ◽

Machine Learning Algorithms ◽

Support Vector ◽

Data Set ◽

Proposed Model

Landslides can easily be tragic to human life and property. Increase in the rate of human settlement in the mountains has resulted in safety concerns. Landslides have caused economic loss between 1-2% of the GDP in many developing countries. In this study, we discuss a deep learning approach to detect landslides. Convolutional Neural Networks are used for feature extraction for our proposed model. As there was no source of an exact and precise data set for feature extraction, therefore, a new data set was built for testing the model. We have tested and compared this work with our proposed model and with other machine-learning algorithms such as Logistic Regression, Random Forest, AdaBoost, K-Nearest Neighbors and Support Vector Machine. Our proposed deep learning model produces a classification accuracy of 96.90% outperforming the classical machine-learning algorithms.

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Application of Convolutional Neural Network Algorithms for Advancing Sedentary and Activity Bout Classification

Journal for the Measurement of Physical Behaviour ◽

10.1123/jmpb.2020-0016 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Supun Nakandala ◽

Marta M. Jankowska ◽

Fatima Tuz-Zahra ◽

John Bellettiere ◽

Jordan A. Carlson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Machine Learning ◽

Neural Networks ◽

Logistic Regression ◽

Random Forest ◽

Learning Algorithms ◽

Machine Learning Algorithms ◽

Feature Engineering ◽

Free Living ◽

Data Set

Background: Machine learning has been used for classification of physical behavior bouts from hip-worn accelerometers; however, this research has been limited due to the challenges of directly observing and coding human behavior “in the wild.” Deep learning algorithms, such as convolutional neural networks (CNNs), may offer better representation of data than other machine learning algorithms without the need for engineered features and may be better suited to dealing with free-living data. The purpose of this study was to develop a modeling pipeline for evaluation of a CNN model on a free-living data set and compare CNN inputs and results with the commonly used machine learning random forest and logistic regression algorithms. Method: Twenty-eight free-living women wore an ActiGraph GT3X+ accelerometer on their right hip for 7 days. A concurrently worn thigh-mounted activPAL device captured ground truth activity labels. The authors evaluated logistic regression, random forest, and CNN models for classifying sitting, standing, and stepping bouts. The authors also assessed the benefit of performing feature engineering for this task. Results: The CNN classifier performed best (average balanced accuracy for bout classification of sitting, standing, and stepping was 84%) compared with the other methods (56% for logistic regression and 76% for random forest), even without performing any feature engineering. Conclusion: Using the recent advancements in deep neural networks, the authors showed that a CNN model can outperform other methods even without feature engineering. This has important implications for both the model’s ability to deal with the complexity of free-living data and its potential transferability to new populations.

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174 A comparison of machine learning algorithms in the classification of beef steers finished in feedlot

Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.1093/jas/skaa278.231 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 98 (Supplement_4) ◽

pp. 126-127

Author(s):

Lucas S Lopes ◽

Christine F Baes ◽

Dan Tulpan ◽

Luis Artur Loyola Chardulo ◽

Otavio Machado Neto ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Machine Learning ◽

Decision Tree ◽

Learning Algorithms ◽

Machine Learning Algorithms ◽

Final Decision ◽

Relevant Parameter ◽

Good Prediction ◽

Quality Traits ◽

C4.5 Decision Tree

Abstract The aim of this project is to compare some of the state-of-the-art machine learning algorithms on the classification of steers finished in feedlots based on performance, carcass and meat quality traits. The precise classification of animals allows for fast, real-time decision making in animal food industry, such as culling or retention of herd animals. Beef production presents high variability in its numerous carcass and beef quality traits. Machine learning algorithms and software provide an opportunity to evaluate the interactions between traits to better classify animals. Four different treatment levels of wet distiller’s grain were applied to 97 Angus-Nellore animals and used as features for the classification problem. The C4.5 decision tree, Naïve Bayes (NB), Random Forest (RF) and Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) Artificial Neural Network algorithms were used to predict and classify the animals based on recorded traits measurements, which include initial and final weights, sheer force and meat color. The top performing classifier was the C4.5 decision tree algorithm with a classification accuracy of 96.90%, while the RF, the MLP and NB classifiers had accuracies of 55.67%, 39.17% and 29.89% respectively. We observed that the final decision tree model constructed with C4.5 selected only the dry matter intake (DMI) feature as a differentiator. When DMI was removed, no other feature or combination of features was sufficiently strong to provide good prediction accuracies for any of the classifiers. We plan to investigate in a follow-up study on a significantly larger sample size, the reasons behind DMI being a more relevant parameter than the other measurements.

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