scholarly journals Argument Schemes: Extending the Pragma-Dialectical Approach

2019 ◽  
pp. 11-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frans H. van Eemeren ◽  
Bart Garssen
Keyword(s):  
Argument Schemes ◽  
Dialectical Approach

A pragma-dialectical approach to governmental crisis communication

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 315-343
Author(s):  
Yan Linqiong
Keyword(s):  
Information Management ◽  
Crisis Communication ◽  
Critical Discussion ◽  
The Other ◽  
Online Forum ◽  
Causal Argument ◽  
Argument Schemes ◽  
Dialectical Approach ◽  
Crisis Discourse

Abstract To explore an argumentative approach to governmental crisis communication, this research adopts the pragma-dialectical framework to analyze and evaluate a local Chinese government’s crisis discourse concerning disputes over a proposed chemical project. The discourse is collected from the popular local online forum Mengxi Forum. By reconstructing from the discourse the four stages of a critical discussion, analyzing the embedded strategic maneuverings and evaluating the argumentation in view of institutional preconditions, it is shown that in its use of co-ordinative argumentation structures and causal argument schemes, the local government’s crisis discourse is not dialectically reasonable enough to convince the other stakeholders of the necessity to implement the proposed project. The results also shed some light on the necessity for governments’ crisis information management to ensure in its crisis discourse both dialectical reasonableness and rhetorical effectiveness.

Spectacular Science, Technology and Superstition in the Age of Shakespeare

2017 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Modern Science ◽  
Renaissance Literature ◽  
Science And Literature ◽  
Early Modern Science ◽  
Dialectical Approach ◽  
Science Technology ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Modern Perspective

Back in the late 1950s, C.P. Snow famously defined science negatively by separating it from what it was not, namely literature. Such polarization, however, creates more problems than it solves. By contrast, the two co-editors of the book have adopted a dialectical approach to the subject, and to the numerous readers who keep asking themselves “what is science?”, we provide an answer from an early modern perspective, whereby “science” actually includes such various intellectual pursuits as history, poetry, occultism, or philosophy. Each essay illustrates one particular aspect of Shakespeare’s works and links science with the promise of the spectacular. This volume aims at bridging the gap between Renaissance literature and early modern science, focusing as it does on a complex intellectual territory, situated at the point of juncture between humanism, natural magic and craftsmanship. We assume that science and literature constantly interacted with one another, making clear the fact that what we now call “literature” and what we choose to see as “science” were not clearly separated in Shakespeare’s days but rather part of a common intellectual territory.

The Soviet and Western theories of financial management – The competition or the partnership?

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 991-1016
Author(s):  
A.G. Lukin
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Financial Management ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Management Theory ◽  
Financial Risks ◽  
Financial Flows ◽  
Dialectical Approach ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
Effective System

Subject. This article explores the main points of the theory of financial management, developed within the framework of the Western general theory of finance, and the theory of financial management developed in the Soviet Union. Objectives. The article aims to substantiate an idea that these theories are complementary, and their harmonious application can help build the most effective system of financial relations management at both the macro-and microeconomic levels. Methods. For the study, I used a dialectical approach and the methods of comparison, analysis and synthesis, and historical analysis. Results. The article substantiates the point that the methodology of Western financial management theory is aimed at managing external financial flows and combating external financial risks. It notes that the Soviet theory regulates methods and techniques of financial management within the business entity or the State. Conclusions. Theoretical updating of the Soviet practices of financial management combined with the modern achievements of financial management theory will create conditions for the formation of an optimal financial management structure at both the micro-and macroeconomic levels. This can improve the efficiency of financial management, in general. Renewed interest in the theoretical developments of the Soviet Union will contribute to the development of financial science at the present stage.

A Dialectical Approach to Search Engine Evaluation

Libri ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 227-237
Author(s):  
Mahdi Zeynali-Tazehkandi ◽  
Mohsen Nowkarizi
Keyword(s):  
Information Retrieval ◽  
Information Science ◽  
Library And Information Science ◽  
Related Literature ◽  
Philosophical Foundations ◽  
Dialectical Approach ◽  
Retrieval Systems ◽  
The World ◽  
Information Retrieval Systems ◽  
Oriented Approach

AbstractEvaluation of information retrieval systems is a fundamental topic in Library and Information Science. The aim of this paper is to connect the system-oriented and the user-oriented approaches to relevant philosophical schools. By reviewing the related literature, it was found that the evaluation of information retrieval systems is successful if it benefits from both system-oriented and user-oriented approaches (composite). The system-oriented approach is rooted in Parmenides’ philosophy of stability (immovable) which Plato accepts and attributes to the world of forms; the user-oriented approach is rooted in Heraclitus’ flux philosophy (motion) which Plato defers and attributes to the tangible world. Thus, using Plato’s theory is a comprehensive approach for recognizing the concept of relevance. The theoretical and philosophical foundations determine the type of research methods and techniques. Therefore, Plato’s dialectical method is an appropriate composite method for evaluating information retrieval systems.

The argumentative and rhetorical function of multimodal metonymy

Semiotica ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 (220) ◽  
pp. 123-153
Author(s):  
Andrea Rocci ◽  
Sabrina Mazzali-Lurati ◽  
Chiara Pollaroli
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Development ◽  
Integration Theory ◽  
Conceptual Integration ◽  
Complex Chain ◽  
Argument Schemes ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
Verbal Component ◽  
Rhetorical Function ◽  
Visual Structure ◽  
Conceptual Integration Theory

AbstractThe aim of this article is to contribute to the theoretical development of multimodal metonymy and the argumentative and rhetorical role that the trope can fulfil in multimodal advertising campaigns. A model for the analysis of multimodal tropes in page-based advertising messages is developed by drawing insights from different disciplines. This model involves the identification of the elementary and layout components of the message, the description of its multimodal structure (in terms of the visual structure and the contribution of the verbal component), the reconstruction of its meaning operation, and the reconstruction of its enthymematic structure. In particular, the meaning operation is reconstructed by the employment of Conceptual Integration Theory, which we have slightly revised in order to better account for metonymical mappings. The enthymematic structure is reconstructed following the Argumentum Model of Topics, a model of argument schemes that enables one to make explicit the contextual and the logical dimensions of arguments. Based on the tenets of the two frameworks, we claim that multimodal metonymy condenses and gives access to a complex chain of connections, which mirrors the argumentation the audience is invited to infer. This argumentation is based on causal schemes of reasoning. This claim results in the in-depth analysis of both a billboard belonging to an anti-AIDS campaign and a social campaign by Greenpeace against the use of environmental-damaging paper for toy packages by Mattel.

METHODICAL BASES OF AN ESTIMATION OF AGRICULTURAL LAND USING EFFICIENCY

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 237-244
Author(s):  
Mikhailo KOBCHENKO
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Economic Damage ◽  
Dialectical Approach ◽  
Methodical Approach ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
Scientific Principles ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Land Using

Introduction. The purpose of this article is to define methodological grounds of assessment of agricultural land using efficiency. The article is devoted to definition of the indicators system of land using efficiency. Methods of research. The solution of the tasks in the article is carried out with the help of such scientific and special research methods as: analysis and synthesis, systematization and generalization, the dialectical approach. Results. The structural balance between cost of land and production resources has been investigated, which leads to the need of many alternatives for the purpose and use of the respective territories on the basis of the modern system of land using efficiency assessment when determining the benefits of land resources using for agricultural production. Originality. It has been proved that to create and enforce a uniform indicators system of land using efficiency is necessary to determine all the factors that affect land use, to reflect the degree and type of each factor influence using the indicators of efficiency of the land use. Indicators of economic efficiency of land using and the intensity of land use are systemized. Practical importance. The methodical approach of agricultural lands using evaluation in the following areas has been justifed in the article: completeness of land use, rational land use, the level of land use intensity, efficient land use. The methodical approach has been presented to the calculation of potential losses from specific land uses in specific circumstances. It is proposed to assess the land using efficiency on the basis of indicators calculations of environmental and economic damage. Basic scientific principles can be used in the practice of agricultural enterprises. Keywords: management, methodological bases, evaluation, efficiency, and agricultural land use.

Dialectics of the Development of the Integrated Social Systems

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 162-168
Author(s):  
Alexander A. Somkin
Keyword(s):  
Social System ◽  
Social Practice ◽  
Driving Force ◽  
Social Systems ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Dialectical Approach ◽  
The Social ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
Successful Resolution ◽  
Determining Factor

Introduction. The paper analyzes the specificity of the dialectical development of the integrated social systems of such a personality and society. The presence of positive (natural) contradictions is recognized as a necessary and creative factor in social practice. Under the influence of this type of contradiction, the old, outdated forms of social structure (individual components of the social system) are denied and transformed to new, more perfect ones occurs as a result of their successful resolution. Methods. In the analysis, the author relied on a system-holistic approach, traditional general philosophical methods: induction and deduction, theoretical analysis and synthesis, extrapolation, etc. Discussion. The social system as an integrated unity goes through a number of stages from inception, formation and maturity to the transition to a qualitatively new state. Accordingly, the process of the emergence and development of dialectical contradictions also has several stages: from insignificant differences between opposite sides at the beginning of the emergence of the system to their strengthening and exacerbation. The nature of the contradictions depends on the specifics of the opposing sides, as well as on the conditions in which their interaction unfolds. The determining factor here, in the opinion of the author, is the positive (natural) direction of social opposition, under the influence of which the essence of the contradictions themselves is formed. Conclusion. According to the dialectical approach, the source of social development is the unity and struggle of opposites within the social system. However, the presence of opposite sides is a necessary but insufficient condition for development. They create the preconditions for it, but do not act as its driving force. Only a change in one opposition relative to another creates alternative tension, giving rise to a dialectical contradiction. Therefore, the antagonistic or non-antagonistic character of the latter is due to the positive (natural) or negative character of the social opposition itself.

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