Determination of Aflatoxin M1 in Raw Milk by the ELISA Method in the Una-Sana Canton

2020 ◽  
pp. 260-267
Author(s):  
Huska Jukić ◽  
Samira Dedić ◽  
Miloš Rodić ◽  
Zlatko Jusufhodžić ◽  
Dinko Demirović
Keyword(s):  
Raw Milk ◽  
Aflatoxin M1 ◽  
Elisa Method

A survey on the occurrence of aflatoxin M1 in raw milk samples in Bafq and Bahabad, Iran

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vahid Safavizadeh ◽  
Mozhgan Mojkar
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Parasiticus ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
National Standard ◽  
Aflatoxin M1 ◽  
Cow’S Milk ◽  
Elisa Method ◽  
Cow's Milk ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
The City

Aflatoxins are a group of mycotoxins mostly produced by the fungi called Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus parasiticus, and Aspergillus nomium. Aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) is the major metabolite of aflatoxin B1 and is a hepatotoxic and carcinogenic toxin. The aim of this study was to determine the level of contamination of cow's milk with aflatoxin M1 in Bafq and Bahabad. For this study, samples of raw cow's milk were collected randomly from milk collection centers around the city of Bafq and Bahabad from March to April. The determination of aflatoxin M1 levels was based on the ELISA method. Contamination was observed in 100% of milk samples. According to the results of the study, the rate of contamination with aflatoxin M1 in 43.3% of milk samples was above the acceptable level (50 ng/L) in Iranian national standard. It is concluded that further monitoring of milk production should be carried out in the spring and winter seasons.

scholarly journals Determination of aflatoxins in food products by the ELISA method

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 8-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Leszczyńska ◽  
J. MasŁowska ◽  
A. Owczarek ◽  
U. Kucharska
Keyword(s):  
Aflatoxin B1 ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Food Products ◽  
Aflatoxin M1 ◽  
Elisa Method ◽  
Cereal Samples

To determine the total content of aflatoxins, aflatoxin B1 and aflatoxin M1 in food the ELISA method was used. Milk, dairy products and cereal samples were mainly investigated. A few samples were found to be contaminated with aflatoxins. A great usability of the ELISA method for aflatoxin determination in food was established. Selectivity and sensitivity of the method is reported.

Multiclass Compatible Sample Preparation for UHPLC–MS/MS Determination of Aflatoxin M1 in Raw Milk

2015 ◽  
Vol 79 (17-18) ◽  
pp. 1091-1100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolás Michlig ◽  
María Rosa Repetti ◽  
Carolina Chiericatti ◽  
Silvia R. García ◽  
Mónica Gaggiotti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sample Preparation ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Aflatoxin M1

scholarly journals AFLATOXIN EXCRETION THROUGH MILK

2008 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-70
Author(s):  
Milica Živkov Baloš ◽  
Željko Mihaljev ◽  
Mira Kovačević ◽  
Dejan Bugarski
Keyword(s):  
Thin Layer ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Dairy Farms ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Aflatoxin M1 ◽  
Elisa Method ◽  
Obligatory Control ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Layer Chromatography

In the period January to June 2006 the samples of feed were collected from feed factories in Southern Baåka and Srem district. The samples of raw milk and full mix were taken from 5 dairy farms. A total of 50 raw milk samples was examined. The samples were examined on the presence of aflatoxin B1 using the method of thin layer chromatography (TLC) and simultaneously, using ELISA tests. Milk samples were examined using immunoenzyme tests for the presence of aflatoxin M1. Aflatoxin content in all the examined feed and mix samples was below LOD (limit of detection) of TLC method, also this content was below MRL according to ELISA method. In total of 50 samples of raw milk, aflatoxin M1 was detected in two samples originating from different farms. Aflatoxin was detected in 7.5 ng/l, i.e. 10 ng/l respectively, what is considerably lower than MRL. Based on the obtained results it is considered that obligatory control of raw milk for the presence of aflatoxin is necessary.

Determination of aflatoxin M1 levels in raw milk samples in Gilan, Iran

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 151-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Laleh rokhi ◽  
R. Kazemi Darsanaki ◽  
M. Mohammadi ◽  
M. Hassani Kolavani ◽  
Kh. Issazadeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raw Milk ◽  
Aflatoxin M1 ◽  
Milk Samples

scholarly journals Determination of Aflatoxin M1 in Raw Milk Using an HPLC-FL Method in Comparison with Commercial ELISA Kits—Application in Raw Milk Samples from Various Regions of Greece

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 46
Author(s):  
Martha Maggira ◽  
Maria Ioannidou ◽  
Ioannis Sakaridis ◽  
Georgios Samouris
Keyword(s):  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Reference Method ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Aflatoxin M1 ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Fluorescence Detector ◽  
Elisa Kit ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Of Greece

The highly toxic Aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) is most often detected in milk using an Enzyme-Linked-Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) for screening purposes, while High-Performance Liquid Chromatography with Fluorescence Detector (HPLC-FL) is the reference method used for confirmation. The aim of the present study was the comparison between three commercially available ELISA kits and a newly developed HPLC-FL method for the determination of the AFM1 in milk samples. The developed HPLC-FL method was validated for the AFM1 and Aflatoxin M2 (AFM2), determining the accuracy, precision, linearity, decision limit, and detection capability with fairly good results. All three ELISA kits were also validated and showed equally good performance with high recovery rates. Moreover, the Limit Of Detection (LOD) and Limit Of Quantification (LOQ) values were found to be significantly lower than the Maximum Residue Limit (MRL) (50 ng kg−1). After the evaluation of all three commercial kits, the ELISA kit with the optimum performance along with the HPLC method was used for the determination of AFM1 in raw cow’s, goat’s, and sheep’s milk samples (396) obtained from producers in different regions of Greece. The evaluation of both methods showed that this ELISA kit could be considered as a faster and equally reliable alternative method to HPLC in routine analysis for the determination of AFM1 in milk.

scholarly journals Reduction of Aflatoxin M1 Levels during Ethiopian Traditional Fermented Milk (Ergo) Production

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsige Shigute ◽  
Alemayehu P. Washe
Keyword(s):  
Incubation Time ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Fermented Milk ◽  
Aflatoxin M1 ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Bacterial Cells ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Significant Difference

In this study, the reduction of aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) levels during lab-scale ergo production was investigated through determination of the residual levels of AFM1 using Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay. The results showed gradual and incubation time dependent reduction of AFM1 level in the raw milk samples being fermented to ergo. The maximum reductions of 57.33 and 54.04% were recorded in AFM1 in natural and LAB inoculums initiated fermentations, respectively, in 5 days of incubation. Although a significant difference (P=0.05) in the AFM1 decrease in the two types of fermentations was recorded, such findings could vary with milk samples depending on initial load of the microorganisms as determined by hygienic conditions. However, the level of AFM1 in control (sterilized) samples showed only a 5.5% decrease during the entire period of incubation. Microbiological investigation showed increasing LAB counts with incubation time. A gradual decrease in pH of the milk samples was observed during fermentation. Considering the fact that both viable and dead bacterial cells could remove AFM1 during ergo production, the mechanism is proposed as predominantly involving noncovalent binding of the toxin with the chemical components of the bacterial cell wall.

scholarly journals Determination of Aflatoxin M1 in Raw Milk from Different Provinces of Ecuador

Toxins ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 498
Author(s):  
Byron Puga-Torres ◽  
David Salazar ◽  
Mayra Cachiguango ◽  
Gabriela Cisneros ◽  
Carlos Gómez-Bravo
Keyword(s):  
Production Systems ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Aflatoxin M1 ◽  
Surveillance Program ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Santo Domingo ◽  
Monitoring And Surveillance

Aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) is a mycotoxin from Aspergillus flavus and A. parasiticus, classified as carcinogenic and hepatotoxic. The objective of the present investigation was to determine its presence in raw milk from north-central Ecuador, constituted by the provinces of Pichincha, Manabí, and Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas. These areas represent approximately 30% of Ecuadorian milk production. By the end of the investigation, a total of 209 raw milk samples were collected, obtained both during the dry (June and August) and rainy seasons (April and November) of 2019. AFM1 concentrations were measured with lateral flow immunochromatographic assays, and 100% of the samples were positive for this mycotoxin, presenting a mean value of 0.0774 μg/kg with a range of 0.023 to 0.751 μg/kg. These AFM1 levels exceeded the European Union regulatory limit of 0.05 μg/kg in 59.3% (124/209) of samples, while only 1.9% (4/209) exceeded the Ecuadorian legal limit of 0.5 μg/kg. By using non-parametric tests, significant differences were determined (p ≤ 0.05) between the provinces for months of study, climatic season (being higher in the dry season), and climatic region (greater in the coast region). On the other hand, there were no significant differences (p ≥ 0.05) between the types of producers or between production systems. Therefore, AFM1 contamination in raw milk does not present a serious public health problem in Ecuador, but a monitoring and surveillance program for this mycotoxin in milk should be developed to prevent consumer health problems.

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