The Role of Open Data in Healthcare Research

2020 ◽  
pp. 157-174
Author(s):  
Carlotta Galeone ◽  
Rossella Bonzi ◽  
Paolo Mariani
Keyword(s):  
Open Data ◽  
Healthcare Research

scholarly journals A Large-Scale COVID-19 Twitter Chatter Dataset for Open Scientific Research—An International Collaboration

Epidemiologia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 315-324
Author(s):  
Juan M. Banda ◽  
Ramya Tekumalla ◽  
Guanyu Wang ◽  
Jingyuan Yu ◽  
Tuo Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Social Dynamics ◽  
Additional Data ◽  
Open Data ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Research Projects ◽  
Research Groups ◽  
The World ◽  
Data Source

As the COVID-19 pandemic continues to spread worldwide, an unprecedented amount of open data is being generated for medical, genetics, and epidemiological research. The unparalleled rate at which many research groups around the world are releasing data and publications on the ongoing pandemic is allowing other scientists to learn from local experiences and data generated on the front lines of the COVID-19 pandemic. However, there is a need to integrate additional data sources that map and measure the role of social dynamics of such a unique worldwide event in biomedical, biological, and epidemiological analyses. For this purpose, we present a large-scale curated dataset of over 1.12 billion tweets, growing daily, related to COVID-19 chatter generated from 1 January 2020 to 27 June 2021 at the time of writing. This data source provides a freely available additional data source for researchers worldwide to conduct a wide and diverse number of research projects, such as epidemiological analyses, emotional and mental responses to social distancing measures, the identification of sources of misinformation, stratified measurement of sentiment towards the pandemic in near real time, among many others.

Challenges in Alzheimer's Disease Drug Discovery and Development: The Role of Modeling, Simulation, and Open Data

2020 ◽  
Vol 107 (4) ◽  
pp. 796-805 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela J. Conrado ◽  
Sridhar Duvvuri ◽  
Hugo Geerts ◽  
Jackson Burton ◽  
Carla Biesdorf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Drug Discovery ◽  
Open Data ◽  
Drug Discovery And Development ◽  
Modeling Simulation

scholarly journals Societal Self-Observation in the Time of Datafication: Interfunctional Analysis of the Chilean Open Data Web Portal

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maximilian Heimstädt
Keyword(s):  
Social Research ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Open Data ◽  
Hard Core ◽  
Functional Differentiation ◽  
Web Portals ◽  
Web Portal ◽  
The Status ◽  
Role Of Religion

Datafication, the technological development that emerged out of computerization and global interconnectedness, has spawned new forms of societal self-observations. In the present article I turn to the example of Open Data web portals – specialized websites that make large amounts of governmental datasets publicly available – to show how they relate to the status quo of social research on functional differentiation. For my analysis of the Chilean Portal de Datos Públicos I developed a method to link metadata categories from the web portal to a hard-core list of ten function systems. My results confirm literature, which finds economized or politicized forms of societal self-description. Moreover the results are in line with studies that show the vanishing role of religion. Interestingly, my study finds health to be of high importance – I might even speak of a “healthized” self-observation – which I argue is at odds with a negligible representation of the function system “sport” within the self-observation. For future interfunctional social research in the time of datafication, I recommend sharpening the empirical approach by exploring emerging text-as-data methods.

scholarly journals Fostering the ‘Time is Now' Mentality: The Role of Open Data In Urban Climate Resilience

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keira Webster
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Urban Climate ◽  
Open Data ◽  
Exploratory Research ◽  
Contextual Data ◽  
Mitigation And Adaptation ◽  
Climate Resilience ◽  
The Social ◽  
Innovative Products

Climate change is a systemic issue embedded in and interconnected with the social and economic makeup of a city. Building urban climate resilience requires innovative, collaborative solutions that hinge upon the openness and availability of current and contextual data. Open data tools, in stimulating information sharing, civic engagement, and innovative products, can contribute to climate change planning, building lasting resilience. Through an exploratory research methodology, this paper explores 17 international use cases, providing a basis for the implementation of open data tools in the realm of urban climate resilience, through the following five themes: 1) risk and vulnerability assessment; 2) the inception of initiatives; 3) diverging approaches to preparedness; 4) community mobilization; and 5) mitigation and adaptation. This research aims to spark a dialogue on the intersection of open data tools in urban climate resilience strategies, demonstrating open data as an appropriate tool to cultivate shared understanding and collective action.

Hustling for Funding

2021 ◽  
pp. 85-94
Author(s):  
Rob Kitchin
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Open Data ◽  
Digital Repository ◽  
Funding Mechanism ◽  
Institutional Politics ◽  
Full Circle ◽  
Data Life Cycle ◽  
Funding Issue ◽  
Funding Opportunity

This chapter focuses on the role of finance and the politics of collaboration, charting the development of the Digital Repository of Ireland (DRI). DRI have been beset with institutional politics concerning its framing, development, and operation. The future funding issue was just the latest example in a long list of fraught exchanges that could be traced back to its original conception and funding mechanism. The DRI was born out of a funding opportunity, but seemed destined to die due to a funding failure. Without a political solution, the data life cycle would turn full circle much more quickly than initially anticipated. Unless there is a means of covering the costs for labour, equipment and other essential inputs, data are not generated or stored, and thus cannot be used or shared. Even in open data projects, the data might be free to use but they were not free to create, or to process and host.

Open Data, Distributed Leadership and Food Security: The Role of Women Smallholder Farmers

2021 ◽  
pp. 273-293
Author(s):  
Éliane Ubalijoro ◽  
Victor N. Sunday ◽  
Foteini Zampati ◽  
Uchechi Shirley Anaduaka ◽  
Suchith Anand
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Distributed Leadership ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Open Data ◽  
Role Of Women

Evidence-Based Practice Center network and health technology assessment in the United States: Bridging the cultural gap

2006 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Sarría-Santamera ◽  
David B. Matchar ◽  
Emma V. Westermann-Clark ◽  
Meenal B. Patwardhan
Keyword(s):  
Health Technology Assessment ◽  
Technology Assessment ◽  
Evidence Based Practice ◽  
Health Technology ◽  
The United States ◽  
Healthcare Research ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Is Integration ◽  
Definition Of

Objectives:The purpose of this study was to identify the Evidence-Based Practice Center (EPC) network participants' perceptions of the characteristics of the EPC process and the relationship of the process to the success of EPC reports.Methods:Semistructured interviews were conducted with the three groups involved in the EPC: EPC staff, Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) staff, and representatives of partner organizations.Results:The analysis of the coded transcripts revealed three related major themes, which form the conceptual basis for the interpretation presented here: the definition of a successful report, the determinants of a successful report, and the role of AHRQ in the process.Conclusions:A successful report is a report that is used. The ultimate success of the core health technology assessment objective, moving from research to policy, depends on balancing two values: excellence and relevance. Our findings are consistent with the “two communities thesis,” which postulates the existence of two camps that confer different values to excellence and relevance, with resulting tension. A promising model for approaching this tension is integration or collaboration, which requires linking researchers and policy makers, promoting productive dialogues about the formulation and timing of analysis, and early consideration of how the resulting analysis will be used. This effort suggests that actively blurring the frontiers between these two groups will enhance their interaction. Furthermore, enhancing the role of the AHRQ as scientific broker will maximize the potential of the EPC network.

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