scholarly journals A Large-Scale COVID-19 Twitter Chatter Dataset for Open Scientific Research—An International Collaboration

Epidemiologia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 315-324
Author(s):  
Juan M. Banda ◽  
Ramya Tekumalla ◽  
Guanyu Wang ◽  
Jingyuan Yu ◽  
Tuo Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Social Dynamics ◽  
Additional Data ◽  
Open Data ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Research Projects ◽  
Research Groups ◽  
The World ◽  
Data Source

As the COVID-19 pandemic continues to spread worldwide, an unprecedented amount of open data is being generated for medical, genetics, and epidemiological research. The unparalleled rate at which many research groups around the world are releasing data and publications on the ongoing pandemic is allowing other scientists to learn from local experiences and data generated on the front lines of the COVID-19 pandemic. However, there is a need to integrate additional data sources that map and measure the role of social dynamics of such a unique worldwide event in biomedical, biological, and epidemiological analyses. For this purpose, we present a large-scale curated dataset of over 1.12 billion tweets, growing daily, related to COVID-19 chatter generated from 1 January 2020 to 27 June 2021 at the time of writing. This data source provides a freely available additional data source for researchers worldwide to conduct a wide and diverse number of research projects, such as epidemiological analyses, emotional and mental responses to social distancing measures, the identification of sources of misinformation, stratified measurement of sentiment towards the pandemic in near real time, among many others.

Understanding Social Dynamics Online

2019 ◽  
pp. 214-221
Author(s):  
Nicole Ellison
Keyword(s):  
Social Interactions ◽  
Social Theory ◽  
Social Dynamics ◽  
Online Communication ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Social Practices ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
The World ◽  
Exciting Time

The last two decades have witnessed dramatic advancements in technologies that support human social practices. The chapters in this section focus on the role of person-centered networks as they are articulated, reinforced, and shaped by social media and other online communication technologies. By combining new data sources and existing social theory, the authors of these chapters offer fresh perspectives and articulate promising future pathways for research exploring the intersections among social networks, social capital, and social interactions. As these chapters illustrate, this is an exciting time for scholars who want to design and build technical interventions that will make a difference in the world, for those who welcome the insights afforded by new sources of data, and for those who are eager to re-engage with established theories in productive ways.

scholarly journals Robots as intelligent assistants to face COVID-19 pandemic

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valeria Seidita ◽  
Francesco Lanza ◽  
Arianna Pipitone ◽  
Antonio Chella
Keyword(s):  
Technological Progress ◽  
World Economy ◽  
The State ◽  
Research Groups ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
The World ◽  
Intelligent Assistants

Abstract Motivation The epidemic at the beginning of this year, due to a new virus in the coronavirus family, is causing many deaths and is bringing the world economy to its knees. Moreover, situations of this kind are historically cyclical. The symptoms and treatment of infected patients are, for better or worse even for new viruses, always the same: more or less severe flu symptoms, isolation and full hygiene. By now man has learned how to manage epidemic situations, but deaths and negative effects continue to occur. What about technology? What effect has the actual technological progress we have achieved? In this review, we wonder about the role of robotics in the fight against COVID. It presents the analysis of scientific articles, industrial initiatives and project calls for applications from March to now highlighting how much robotics was ready to face this situation, what is expected from robots and what remains to do. Results The analysis was made by focusing on what research groups offer as a means of support for therapies and prevention actions. We then reported some remarks on what we think is the state of maturity of robotics in dealing with situations like COVID-19.

EdgeDIPN

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 320-328
Author(s):  
Long Guo ◽  
Lifeng Hua ◽  
Rongfei Jia ◽  
Fei Fang ◽  
Binqiang Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Attention Mechanism ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
User Intent ◽  
Multiple User ◽  
Shopping Experience ◽  
Data Source ◽  
Intent Prediction ◽  
The Right

With the rapid growth of e-commerce in recent years, e-commerce platforms are becoming a primary place for people to find, compare and ultimately purchase products. To improve online shopping experience for consumers and increase sales for sellers, it is important to understand user intent accurately and be notified of its change timely. In this way, the right information could be offered to the right person at the right time. To achieve this goal, we propose a unified deep intent prediction network, named EdgeDIPN, which is deployed at the edge, i.e., mobile device, and able to monitor multiple user intent with different granularity simultaneously in real-time. We propose to train EdgeDIPN with multi-task learning, by which EdgeDIPN can share representations between different tasks for better performance and saving edge resources in the meantime. In particular, we propose a novel task-specific attention mechanism which enables different tasks to pick out the most relevant features from different data sources. To extract the shared representations more effectively, we utilize two kinds of attention mechanisms, where the multi-level attention mechanism tries to identify the important actions within each data source and the inter-view attention mechanism learns the interactions between different data sources. In the experiments conducted on a large-scale industrial dataset, EdgeDIPN significantly outperforms the baseline solutions. Moreover, EdgeDIPN has been deployed in the operational system of Alibaba. Online A/B testing results in several business scenarios reveal the potential of monitoring user intent in real-time. To the best of our knowledge, EdgeDIPN is the first full-fledged real-time user intent understanding center deployed at the edge and serving hundreds of millions of users in a large-scale e-commerce platform.

scholarly journals Addressing the Haze: The Role of Local Traditional Cultures and Islamic Teachings

ICR Journal ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-100
Author(s):  
Shahino Mah Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Forest Fires ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Airborne Particles ◽  
Health Economy ◽  
Crop Growth Rate ◽  
The World ◽  
Related Mortality

The most frequent transboundary haze in the world takes place in Southeast Asia. It is usually caused by land-use changes, open burning, peat combustion, wildfires, and other farming activities. Serious haze occurred in 1983, 1997, 2005, 2006, 2009, 2010, 2013, 2015 and 2016, originating from large-scale forest fires in western Sumatra and southern Kalimantan, Indonesia. It caused adverse effects to locals as well as neighbouring countries, affecting their health, economy, agriculture, and biodiversity. Among the serious effects of haze are increased respiratory-related mortality due to toxic airborne particles, jet crashs and ship collisions due to restricted visibility, reduction of crop growth rate due to limited solar radiation, and extinction of endangered primates due to habitat loss. Neighbouring countries like Malaysia and Singapore sometimes have to close schools to prevent people from being exposed to air pollution, and its consequent respiratory ailments.  

scholarly journals Characterization and selection of Japanese electronic health record databases used as data sources for non-interventional observational studies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yumi Wakabayashi ◽  
Masamitsu Eitoku ◽  
Narufumi Suganuma
Keyword(s):  
Electronic Health Record ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Flow Diagram ◽  
Health Record ◽  
Medical Institutions ◽  
Data Source ◽  
Electronic Health ◽  
Using Data

Abstract Background Interventional studies are the fundamental method for obtaining answers to clinical question. However, these studies are sometimes difficult to conduct because of insufficient financial or human resources or the rarity of the disease in question. One means of addressing these issues is to conduct a non-interventional observational study using electronic health record (EHR) databases as the data source, although how best to evaluate the suitability of an EHR database when planning a study remains to be clarified. The aim of the present study is to identify and characterize the data sources that have been used for conducting non-interventional observational studies in Japan and propose a flow diagram to help researchers determine the most appropriate EHR database for their study goals. Methods We compiled a list of published articles reporting observational studies conducted in Japan by searching PubMed for relevant articles published in the last 3 years and by searching database providers’ publication lists related to studies using their databases. For each article, we reviewed the abstract and/or full text to obtain information about data source, target disease or therapeutic area, number of patients, and study design (prospective or retrospective). We then characterized the identified EHR databases. Results In Japan, non-interventional observational studies have been mostly conducted using data stored locally at individual medical institutions (713/1463) or collected from several collaborating medical institutions (351/1463). Whereas the studies conducted with large-scale integrated databases (195/1463) were mostly retrospective (68.2%), 27.2% of the single-center studies, 46.2% of the multi-center studies, and 74.4% of the post-marketing surveillance studies, identified in the present study, were conducted prospectively. Conclusions Our analysis revealed that the non-interventional observational studies were conducted using data stored local at individual medical institutions or collected from collaborating medical institutions in Japan. Disease registries, disease databases, and large-scale databases would enable researchers to conduct studies with large sample sizes to provide robust data from which strong inferences could be drawn. Using our flow diagram, researchers planning non-interventional observational studies should consider the strengths and limitations of each available database and choose the most appropriate one for their study goals. Trial registration Not applicable.

scholarly journals Modelling Representative Population Mobility for COVID-19 Spatial Transmission in South Africa

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Potgieter ◽  
I. N. Fabris-Rotelli ◽  
Z. Kimmie ◽  
N. Dudeni-Tlhone ◽  
J. P. Holloway ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Mobility ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Population Mobility ◽  
Mobility Patterns ◽  
Mobility Data ◽  
The World ◽  
Spatial Weight ◽  
Data Source ◽  
Reduced Mobility ◽  
Spatial Transmission

The COVID-19 pandemic starting in the first half of 2020 has changed the lives of everyone across the world. Reduced mobility was essential due to it being the largest impact possible against the spread of the little understood SARS-CoV-2 virus. To understand the spread, a comprehension of human mobility patterns is needed. The use of mobility data in modelling is thus essential to capture the intrinsic spread through the population. It is necessary to determine to what extent mobility data sources convey the same message of mobility within a region. This paper compares different mobility data sources by constructing spatial weight matrices at a variety of spatial resolutions and further compares the results through hierarchical clustering. We consider four methods for constructing spatial weight matrices representing mobility between spatial units, taking into account distance between spatial units as well as spatial covariates. This provides insight for the user into which data provides what type of information and in what situations a particular data source is most useful.

scholarly journals Analysis of the Role of Female Hormones During Infection by COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (12) ◽  
pp. 940-948
Author(s):  
David Balbino Pascoal ◽  
Isabela Macêdo de Araujo ◽  
Lorenna Peixoto Lopes ◽  
Cristiane Monteiro da Cruz
Keyword(s):  
Relative Risk ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Hormonal Contraceptives ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Sexual Hormones ◽  
Auxiliary Data ◽  
The World ◽  
Coronavirus Infection

AbstractWomen have metabolic, immunological, and genetic variables that ensure more protection from coronavirus infection. However, the indication of treatment for several pathologies and contraception is determined by hormones that have adverse effects and raise doubts about their use during the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, the present study searches women specificities and the relation between female sexual hormones and COVID-19, and reports the main recommendations in this background. To this end, a review of the literature was conducted in the main databases, auxiliary data sources, and official websites. Therefore, considering the hypercoagulability status of COVID-19, the debate about the use of contraceptives due to the relative risk of thromboembolic effects that they impose arises. However, the current available evidence, as well as the recommendations of main health organs around the world, demonstrate that the use of hormonal contraceptives must be maintained during the pandemic.

Ontwikkelingen en Problemen Bij Automatisch Vertalen

1984 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 59-71
Author(s):  
A.G. Sciarone
Keyword(s):  
Data Processing ◽  
Data Storage ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Research Projects ◽  
Automatic Translation ◽  
Linguistic Research ◽  
The World ◽  
Translation Systems ◽  
Made In

In the fifties and sixties a great deal of money and time was spent on the development of automatic translation systems. Because of the meagre results and sombre perspectives all large scale research projects were abandoned. The eighties show a renewed interest in the field of automatic translating. It is, therefore, a valid question whether old problems have been solved and new perspectives have been uncovered. A critical analysis shows that progress has been made in the domains of hardware (speed of data processing and data storage) and the organisation of data. The basic linguis-tic problems have not, however, been solved. Linguistic research that is not first and foremost directed at descriptive (instead of representational) problems and at fundamental problems such as the relation between syntax, semantics and knowledge of the world is subject to the same fate as the research into automatic translating in the fifties.

Marketing in Hypermedia Computer-Mediated Environments: Conceptual Foundations

1996 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 50-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donna L. Hoffman ◽  
Thomas P. Novak
Keyword(s):  
World Wide Web ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Structural Model ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Research Issues ◽  
Computer Mediated ◽  
The World ◽  
Conceptual Foundations

The authors address the role of marketing in hypermedia computer-mediated environments (CMEs). Their approach considers hypermedia CMEs to be large-scale (i.e., national or global) networked environments, of which the World Wide Web on the Internet is the first and current global implementation. They introduce marketers to this revolutionary new medium, propose a structural model of consumer navigation behavior in a CME that incorporates the notion of flow, and examine a series of research issues and marketing implications that follow from the model.

How will we Manage Recovery from a Catastrophic Disaster? Organization Structure for Recovery Management in the World

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 889-896
Author(s):  
Norio Maki ◽  
◽  
Laurie A. Johnson ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Organization Theory ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Organization Structure ◽  
Great East Japan Earthquake ◽  
Organization Management ◽  
National Crisis ◽  
The World ◽  
Recovery Management ◽  
Emergent Organizations

The role of recovery organization management is important, and organizations in various forms have been established internationally to aid recovery from large-scale disasters. This paper clarifies three types of recovery organizations by analyzing them in various countries based on disaster organization theory. Furthermore, it analyzes recovery organizations that operated after the Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake and the Great East Japan Earthquake in Japan. It then examines the operations of recovery organizations during large-scale earthquakes that may lead to a national crisis by comparing recovery organizations internationally. Finally, this paper clarifies the necessity of “emergent” organizations.

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