Behaviour and Characteristics of Construction Materials Subjected to Different Environmental Conditions

2021 ◽  
pp. 161-178
Author(s):  
E. Menéndez ◽  
Y. Salem ◽  
E. Hernández Montes ◽  
M. C. Alonso ◽  
L. M. Gil
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Construction Materials

scholarly journals Clothed wax effigies: construction materials, challenges and suggestions for preventive conservation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christos Karydis ◽  
Evangelia Kyriazi ◽  
Christina-Alkisti Staka
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Disaster Preparedness ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Construction Process ◽  
Preventive Conservation ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
And Storage

Wax effigies, fully dressed life-size models of human figures, have been constructed since the medieval times. The construction materials of historical effigies differ to the contemporary ones, yet the construction process of the wax parts has more or less remained unchanged over the centuries. This paper starts with the history, construction materials and manufacture techniques of wax effigies. The inseparable relation of the wax effigies and their costumes is explained, and the characteristics and deterioration agents of their most important construction materials are presented in order to understand their needs for preservation, with emphasis on wax and fabrics. The aim of this paper is to suggest preventive conservation guidelines for wax effigies, with proposals for appropriate environmental conditions during display and storage, and suggestions for proper handling, storage and transportation. Advice for disaster preparedness and actions in cases of emergency situations is also provided.

scholarly journals Assessment of Leaching Characteristics of Solidified Products Containing Secondary Alkaline Lead Slag

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. 2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marija Štulović ◽  
Dragana Radovanović ◽  
Željko Kamberović ◽  
Marija Korać ◽  
Zoran Anđić
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Geochemical Modeling ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Recycling Process ◽  
High Release ◽  
Fine Aggregates ◽  
Ph Conditions ◽  
One Year ◽  
Leaching Procedure

Reuse of waste is one of the main principles of sustainable development and circular economy. Secondary alkaline lead slag is a hazardous waste generated in the recycling process of lead-acid batteries that may be suitable in construction materials. The environmental impact of the use of lead slag as a partial replacement of fine aggregates in the cement-based stabilization/solidification (S/S) process for the preparation of concrete was studied in this paper. Solidified products containing 10%, 15%, 20%, and 25% slag were laboratory tested by unconfined compressive strength (UCS) analyses and the Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP). At the same time, the leachability of toxic elements from solidified products with a high percent of slag was evaluated under environmental conditions for during one year. The results of the UCS and TCLP indicated that utilization of this type of slag in cement-based applications may be justified with its controlled addition. However, the described application of the slag was disputed due to the high release of As under high alkaline environmental conditions. Eh-pH analyses and the geochemical modeling using the software PHREEQC were evaluated, as well as the mechanism of pollutant (Pb, As) immobilization (precipitation, adsorption) as a function of pH conditions.

scholarly journals Transparent façades – selection of construction materials with the use of modified multi-criteria spider’s network analysis method

2018 ◽  
Vol 219 ◽  
pp. 04009
Author(s):  
Oliwier Zapała ◽  
Damian Wieczorek
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Method ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Network Analysis ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Rolled Steel ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Safety Glass ◽  
Selection Of

the main and most impressive elevations of the building. It also focuses on some issues related to high requirements placed on façade systems in terms of insulation from environmental conditions and comfort of the future users of the building. Due to the fact that there are many materials that can be used for the main structural elements (columns, spandrel beams and ribs) of load-bearing façade structures, the authors of the article attempted to do a multi-criteria comparative analysis of three different materials (safety glass, glulam and rolled steel) of a 6-meter-long reference column. The set of criteria, consisting of twelve elements, was adopted for comparative analysis. A combination of two methods was selected for performing the multi-criteria analysis: a geometric method of spider’s network and a mathematical method of the adjusted index of summation.

scholarly journals Impacts Of Environment On Building Construction Projects On Woliata Sodo Town

2022 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-104
Author(s):  
Wudnesh Honja Angeloa ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Construction Material ◽  
Research Result ◽  
Productivity Loss ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Building Construction ◽  
Development Economic ◽  
The Impact

The environmental impacts have become a series of problems in today’s construction environments. Environmental conditions can have an adverse impact on the duration, cost, and quality of construction activities. This study is conducted to describe and point out the impact of the environment on building construction projects in sodo town. The contractor can estimate the Productivity loss due to the impact of environment on construction activity can be either partial or complete: partial loss is generally attributed to reduced labor productivity and work stoppage which interrupt those activities. This study organized by using questioners. The research basically focused on identifying and quantifying different environmental impacts that can affect the construction progresses. As the research result the escalation of construction material price, the availability of construction materials around the area and the involvement of different construction parties and the climatic condition of the environments are the main findings that we have got from our analysis. Generally, this research guides to meet future demands for sustainable environmental development, economic development, expansion of different construction infrastructure for sodo town. Many contractors found in this area fall over different environmental challenges. So to overcome these problems, are some requirements expected from different parties. To minimize those environmental impacts the construction parties should make a detail feasible study about the overall environmental conditions of sodo town before they decided to start up any construction works.

scholarly journals The Exploitation Problems Marine Light Constructions for Corrosion Resistance / Problemy Eksploatacyjne Lekkich Konstrukcji Morskich w Aspekcie Odporności Korozyjnej

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-18
Author(s):  
Wojciech Jurczak
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Aluminum Alloys ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Natural Phenomenon ◽  
Marine Structures ◽  
Ship Construction ◽  
Properties Of Materials ◽  
Materials Used

Abstract Corrosive degradation of construction materials for marine structures is a natural phenomenon. The extent of deterioration in mechanical properties of materials used in ship construction is directly linked to the chemical makeup of the material as well as the prevailing environmental conditions (e.g. salinity, physical stress) an the applied anti-corrosive coating. The paper presents results of research into stress corrosion of highly durable aluminum alloys. In order to increase the safety while using the above mentioned components, logging of corrosive potential has been introduced in the case of selected (corrosion-prone) number of surfaces of the quarter-section in relation the model 620 ship, made of 7020 alloy, so that the hazard of corrosive breach can be monitored.

scholarly journals Study of the expansion of cement mortars manufactured with Ladle Furnace Slag LFS

2019 ◽  
Vol 69 (334) ◽  
pp. 183
Author(s):  
A. Rodríguez ◽  
I. Santamaría-Vicario ◽  
V. Calderón ◽  
C. Junco ◽  
J. García-Cuadrado
Keyword(s):  
High Temperatures ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Cement Matrix ◽  
Cement Mortars ◽  
Experimental Process ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Adverse Environmental Conditions ◽  
The Stability

Industrial by-products generated in the steel manufacturing are successfully used as raw materials in the production of construction materials. However, steel slags, due to their nature and composition, can cause undesirable side-effects in mortars and concretes. The reactive components of LFS and EAFS can affect the stability of the cement matrix. This situation may be prevented by an adequate pre-treatment of slag stabilization and a study of the possible reactions within its mineralogical components, to ensure the stability of the slag over time. In this work, an experimental process is shown to evaluate the behaviour of LFS under adverse environmental conditions when used as aggregates in the manufacture of cement mortars for masonry, such as the presence of humidity, high temperatures (80°C) and possible alkali-silica and alkali-silicate reactions. The results show an acceptable behaviour under normal environmental conditions (20°C). However, the formation crystalline acicular structures were observed under high temperatures (80°C) and in the presence of humidity, which degraded the internal structure of the mortars manufactured with LFS.

Vibration Isolator System for Electron Microscope

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 182-183
Author(s):  
K. Ohi ◽  
M. Mizuno ◽  
T. Kasai ◽  
Y. Ohkura ◽  
K. Mizuno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Magnetic Fields ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Vibration Isolator ◽  
Air Conditioners ◽  
Vibration Isolators ◽  
Large Size ◽  
Electron Microscopes

In recent years, with electron microscopes coming into wider use, their installation environments do not necessarily give their performance full play. Their environmental conditions include air-conditioners, magnetic fields, and vibrations. We report a jointly developed entirely new vibration isolator which is effective against the vibrations transmitted from the floor.Conventionally, large-sized vibration isolators which need the digging of a pit have been used. These vibration isolators, however, are large present problems of installation and maintenance because of their large-size.Thus, we intended to make a vibration isolator which1) eliminates the need for changing the installation room2) eliminates the need of maintenance and3) are compact in size and easily installable.

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