scholarly journals Experiencing Trauma Before Trauma: Posttraumatic Memories, Nightmares and Flashbacks Among Finnish Soldiers

2021 ◽  
pp. 89-117
Author(s):  
Ville Kivimäki
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Psychiatric Patient ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Trauma Symptoms ◽  
Wide Spread ◽  
World War ◽  
War Veterans ◽  
Traumatic Symptoms

AbstractThis chapter discusses the appearance of trauma symptoms among the Finnish soldiers of World War II. Kivimäki analyzes three kinds of sources: wartime psychiatric patient files, war veterans’ dream reminiscences and war-related fiction movies in the postwar era. These materials reveal that posttraumatic memories, nightmares and flashbacks were a wide-spread phenomenon already in the 1940s, although the concept of trauma was not yet developed within Finnish psychiatry. The chapter suggests that traumatic symptoms are not simply born out of psychiatric paradigms, but that the culture that shapes and produces the symptoms must be understood more broadly. In the end, Kivimäki proposes the concept of experience as a move forward in the historical analysis of human reactions to trauma.

scholarly journals A Historical Analysis of Japanese Road Improvement in Relation to Economic Development since World War II

1995 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 71-86
Author(s):  
Yoshitsugu HAYASHI ◽  
Takaaki OKUDA ◽  
Hirokazu KATO ◽  
Yasuharu TOMATSU
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
World War

Markets work in war: World War II reflected in the Zurich and Stockholm bond markets

2004 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
BRUNO S. FREY ◽  
DANIEL WALDENSTRÖM
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Sovereign Debt ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Stock Exchanges ◽  
Bond Markets ◽  
Quantitative Methodology ◽  
World War ◽  
Political Events ◽  
Systematic Biases

This article examines how trading on two geographically separate financial markets reflected political events before and during World War II. Specifically, we compare sovereign debt prices on the Zurich and Stockholm stock exchanges and find considerable (but not complete) symmetry in the price responses across the two markets in relation to turning points in the war, which suggests that markets worked efficiently. The use of a quantitative methodology on historical financial market data represents a useful complement to traditional historical analysis, offering large-scale evidence of individuals acting in their own pecuniary interest without producing any lasting systematic biases.

scholarly journals Getting to the core of the matter: The rise and fall of the Nova Scotia apple industry, 1862-1980

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 4-22
Author(s):  
Anika Roberts-Stahlbrand
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Nova Scotia ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Regime Theory ◽  
Food Regime ◽  
World War ◽  
Apple Industry ◽  
The Core

This article will apply food regime theory to an examination of the rise and fall of the apple industry in Nova Scotia between 1862 and 1980. From the 1860s until World War II, apples were a booming cross-Atlantic export business that continued the colonial bonds to Britain. But after the war, Britain developed its own domestic apple industry, and Nova Scotia apples failed to capture a loyal and secure market based on taste or quality. This led to the decline of the industry by the 1980s. Since that time, a new local apple industry based on taste and craft processing has arisen in Nova Scotia.  This article affirms the broad historical analysis of food regime theory, while drawing attention to the need for an ecological enhancement of the theory. 

scholarly journals Education for statehood as a fundamental element of civil defence education in Czechoslovakia in the years between 1918 and 1939

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stepan Kavan
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Basic Element ◽  
The State ◽  
World War ◽  
State Education ◽  
Comparative Historical Analysis ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Basic Approaches ◽  
Civil Defence

This article is a reflection of statehood education as a basic element of education. The research focuses on the period after the Czechoslovak Republic in 1918 to the time before World War II in 1939. The aim of the research is to explore the basic approaches to the implementation of education for statehood in terms of the creation of a new state in relation to civil defence education in Czechoslovakia. The comparative historical analysis will be utilized as the research method on the subject of education for statehood. The comparative historical analysis is used as a specific tool for qualitative research. This is a procedure which can be applied to the statehood issue of education to its basic elements, by which it will be possible to learn more about this phenomenon and subsequently explain it. Perceptions and ideas about the tasks of the state have gradually changed and evolved. This means the creation and development of the legal order, providing security and order within the state. Education for statehood was directed to such education and creating an environment so that every citizen, irrespective of nationality, religion, political opinion and social environment in which they live, has the physical and mental ability and willing to enthusiastically and faithfully fulfill their civic duties.Keywords: Statehood, Czechoslovak Republic, civil defence education 

Music and Ideology: Musical School in Rezekne after World War II

2015 ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Valda Čakša
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
External Factors ◽  
World War ◽  
Musical Life ◽  
Music School ◽  
Musical Education ◽  
Secondary Music ◽  
Music Acquisition ◽  
The One

The aim of the article is to reflect the processes and problems of musical education renewal, which the teachers of Rezekne Secondary Music School faced under the circumstances of sovietisation, by evaluating to what extent the old elite (pre-war elite of National Conservatory) could adapt to the new circumstances and to what extent it was allowed by the regime. The article is based on the historical analysis of a discourse by evaluating the texts of documents available in the archives and identifying the dominant circumstances under which they have been created. In order to evaluate the principles of ideology influence and formation of social reality, the author compares the texts of the documents and conclusions found there with the opinions of representatives from various scientific areas on the features of musical life in that period of time. During the research, the author established that, on the one hand, the external factors and those, which are subjected to ideology, characterize the activity of the school; however, on the other hand, there are also the internal, as well as determined and retained factors of traditional requirements of music acquisition.

Generational Change and the Decline of Party Identification in America: 1952–1974

1976 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 469-478 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul R. Abramson
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
Party Identification ◽  
Cohort Analysis ◽  
University Of Michigan ◽  
Wide Spread ◽  
World War ◽  
Generational Change ◽  
Partisan Identification ◽  
The University

A large and growing proportion of Americans claims to be neither Republican nor Democratic, and partisan independence is most wide-spread among young adults. A time-series cohort analysis of eleven surveys conducted by the Survey Research Center of the University of Michigan between 1952 and 1974 strongly suggests that the low level of partisan identification among young adults results largely from fundamental differences between their socialization and that of their elders. The overall decline in party identification results largely from generational change. High levels of partisan identification persist among persons who entered the electorate before World War II, but among those who entered the electorate more recently levels of identification are low. The analysis strongly suggests that overall levels of party identification will continue to decline, and permits examination of one process by which party loyalties among mass electorates gradually are transformed.

The Royal Society and the Empire: The colonial and Commonwealth Fellowship Part 2. After 1847

2003 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. W. Home
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Royal Society ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Cultural Hegemony ◽  
World War ◽  
Political Independence ◽  
Wide System ◽  
Different Parts ◽  
Colonial Science ◽  
Royal Society Of London

In the first part of this paper I provided a systematic historical analysis of the election of residents of Britain's colonial territories to The Royal Society of London in the period before the reform of the Society's rules in 1847. Residents of the colonies were always eligible for election on the Home List and significant numbers of Fellows were elected on the basis of colonial careers. In the present paper the analysis is extended to reveal the changing pattern of elections from different parts of the Empire after 1847. After the reform of 1847, election came to be regarded as the ultimate accolade that could be bestowed on a scientist working in the colonies, as it did for scientists working in Britain. The Society thus came to function as the linchpin of an Empire-wide system of scientific patronage and reward that helped to keep colonial science firmly bound to that of the metropolis. By preserving its rules unchanged, even after the breaking up of the Empire after World War II, the Society helped Britain to retain a degree of cultural hegemony, so far as science was concerned, over its former colonial territories, long after they achieved political independence.

The Changing Face of French History. A Summary of Colloquia Held at the Institute of French Studies, New York University, Fall 1987

1988 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 373-386
Author(s):  
Steve Albert
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
Social History ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
French History ◽  
New York University ◽  
World War ◽  
French Studies ◽  
The Past ◽  
Charles Tilly

A REVIEW OF THE FALL 1987 COLLOQUIA SPONSORED BY NEW YORK UNIVERSITY’S INSTITUTE OF FRENCH STUDIES In the past twenty to thirty years, the conception of history in both France and America has changed considerably. The territory covered by the discipline has broadened to encompass elements of various social sciences, such as anthropology and sociology. In the Fall of 1987, four colloquia at New York University’s Institute of French Studies focused on various facets of French history and its study. Louis Bergeron and Jacques Revel both discussed some of the effects of the expansion of the concept of history on their discipline. Tony Judt examined the French Left in the context of European socialist thought after World War II, demonstrating how “historical” analysis is now being applied to periods as recent as 1945-1975. Finally, Charles Tilly described the writing of his latest book, The Contentious French, offering an example of current analytical methods in social history.

European Security – Islamist terrorist network in Bosnia and Herzegovina (original research)

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (37) ◽  
pp. 124-170
Author(s):  
Darko Trifunovic ◽  
Juliusz Piwowarski
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Original Research ◽  
European Security ◽  
World War ◽  
World Religion ◽  
Muslim Population ◽  
The Balkans

Radical Islamic ideas, individuals, movements, organizations, but also states that have greatly contributed to the radicalization of the existing Muslim population of the Balkans and Bosnia and Herzegovina are not new. Ever since the Middle Ages, with the aggression and genocide committed by the Ottomans, the ideas of jihad have been present in various forms, especially in environments that interpret Islam as a great world religion in such a radical way. There is a noticeable connection between the bearers of jihadist ideas from World War II until today. This article not only provides a historical analysis of the preconditions for the widespread jihadist network that today produces jihad warriors who threaten the entire world but also provides an authentic overview of the preconditions of this global terrorist network to better understand elements such as this network – it’s functions, how it recruits new terrorists and how it uses the ideology of radical Islamists as a motive for committing serious crimes around the world. The schematic structure of the mujahedeen unit with command staff is shown, as well as the fact that the terrorists welcomed the authorities of Bosnia and Herzegovina who tried to hide their presence and to relativize all the worst crimes committed by the mujahedin.

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