A historical comperative analysis of european and asian interior spaces through cultural background

Interior design entered the human life together with the need for housing, and has been developed in respect to several needs. But after a certain point, the development process has shown an improvement in their separated into different branches. Different lifestyles of different communities living in different geographies, in short, cultural differentiation have caused variation in interior design. Throughout the history, culture, by means of its elements, creates different lifestyles in the same periods of time, and influences the formation of interiors.The aim of this study is to explore cultural values, that play important role in design process of interiors, shape our daily lives and thus, to assess how they influence interior designs. The study mainly focuses on cultural differences in Asian and European societies, where these differences can be clearly observed. Examining Asian and European cultures also gives us an opportunity to understand the similarities and differences of interior design principles. The information obtained by the historical analysis was synthesized, classified and finally interpreted. In conclusion, both in western and far eastern cultures, according to the periods, many elements within the concept of culture as climate, human values, religion, thinking, trade, class distinction, type of management, personal interests, social events, industrial and technological developments were found to have influence on the lifestyles and interior design.Keywords: Culture, European Culture, Asian Culture, Life styles, Volume Design, Dwellings, Architecture-İnterior Architecture-Space

The evaluation of transportation services for personnel provided as an outsourced way at a military hospital

OBJECTIVE: In this study it was aimed to examine the quality of outsourcing transportation services provided for personnel at a military hospital in Turkey by using SERVQUAL method. MATERIAL AND METHOD: This study was conducted as a cross-sectional study from 7 to 29 August 2014 at a military hospital in Ankara. One thousand questionnaires were distributed, 730 were received back, but 176 were excluded from analysis due to missing or false responses. The rest of 554 questionnaires were analyzed by using SPSS for Windows 18.0 package program. The SERVQUAL scale which was developed by Parasuraman et al. (1988) was the main scale in the study. The scale highlights the main components of high quality service as five factors - reliability, assurance, tangibles, empathy and responsiveness - that create the acronym RATER. RESULTS: The majority of participants were women (56.4%), between 31-40 old years (47.2 %), and, up to 77.3% of them used transportation services every work day. It was found that the SERVQUAL instrument had a very high reliability. The Cronbach Alpha coefficient was found between 0.86 and 0.91 for expected quality and between 0.74 and 0.91 for perceived quality. The expectations regarding empathy dimension was at the highest level and expectations regarding other dimensions were also at very high level and very close each other. It was determined also that empathy factor was the highest in negative direction among perceived quality mean scores. When the absolute differences between expected and perceived mean scores for the dimension of tangibles of the scale were compared for all age groups, a significant result was found (p=0,021), and the difference for the age group of 51 and more was significantly lower than others. When the mean scores of perceived service quality of groups based on personnel’ status were compared, the significant results were obtained for three dimensions as tangibles, empathy, responsiveness and also total perceived service quality (<0.05). CONCLUSION: The absolute difference between expected and perceived mean scores regarding outsourcing personnel transportation services was found as negative (-). That means that the quality of service was perceived insufficient. Keywords: Outsorcing, Transportation services, hospital

Education for statehood as a fundamental element of civil defence education in Czechoslovakia in the years between 1918 and 1939

This article is a reflection of statehood education as a basic element of education. The research focuses on the period after the Czechoslovak Republic in 1918 to the time before World War II in 1939. The aim of the research is to explore the basic approaches to the implementation of education for statehood in terms of the creation of a new state in relation to civil defence education in Czechoslovakia. The comparative historical analysis will be utilized as the research method on the subject of education for statehood. The comparative historical analysis is used as a specific tool for qualitative research. This is a procedure which can be applied to the statehood issue of education to its basic elements, by which it will be possible to learn more about this phenomenon and subsequently explain it. Perceptions and ideas about the tasks of the state have gradually changed and evolved. This means the creation and development of the legal order, providing security and order within the state. Education for statehood was directed to such education and creating an environment so that every citizen, irrespective of nationality, religion, political opinion and social environment in which they live, has the physical and mental ability and willing to enthusiastically and faithfully fulfill their civic duties.Keywords: Statehood, Czechoslovak Republic, civil defence education

Policy for the effective research university

Research for development policy for the Effective Research University case study of Khon Kaen University used the principle of policy research divided into three stages: 1) the synthesis document 2) Interviews of experts and 3) focus group discussion. Target groups include administrators, faculty member and university researchers. Research tools were documentary analysis questionnaires and the focus group form. The analysis and interpreted data were performed by content analysis.Research findings As a leading research university with international quality and standards as importance goal which requires challenge strategies aimed to integrative change as follows,Preparing personnel together, determine the faculty strategies to support personnel and researchers, using a variety of research products, creative works develop into applied research and development research and create system and mechanisms of intellectual property to develop into commercial applications continuously. Establishing research fund to motivate faculty members researchers and graduate students for knowledge technologies to be utilized and satisfy the needs of local and nationally. Knowledge management of the experiences of a senior researcher ,support the teaching and learning process by using the study as a base by integrating research and teaching at both the subjects and courses including the use of research-based knowledge to manage the process of decision making, planning, implementation, monitoring and evaluation and improvement work. Support for research and transfer research to the public focus on professional development and quality of life as well as the base for the development of networking and knowledge sharing. Awards & recognition / reward and honor researchers and research institution with outstanding performance in research and innovation to accelerate the strengthening of research integration, towards selfreliance build competitiveness and social guides. Keywords: Research University, challenge strategies

First step of the eurasian integration

In article the author analyzed the history of emergence and development of the Eurasian economic union, there are considered the problems of its functioning in the conditions of accession to the World Trade Organization. It should be noted that the Eurasian integration approached to important point in its history. At the beginning of the first year of functioning of the Union optimists and supporters of unconditional integration without any questions were prevailed. However, recently, many questions and problems have been accumulated. The most part of questions is connected with the results of the first year of functioning of Eurasian economic union, and also, how economic model of this union is equitable to national and economic interests of each country separately. Therefore the author having investigated integration processes within EEU, feature of competitive fight in EEU, the reason of contradictions, and also, consequences to which devaluation of ruble and tenge have led, the dumping prices in Russia which negatively influence the competitiveness of economies of Kazakhstan and Belarus, has tried to answer a question whether there is a prospect at the Eurasian economic union. Complex research of a present state and problems of functioning of EEU was carried out with an application of comparative and system analyses, the content analysis, event-analysis, SWOT analysis, etc. methods of the political science analysis. Article is written on the basis of reliable factual materials. Also more often researchers do not write the political aspect of the integration processes taking place in the Eurasian space. Though it is obvious, that exactly the political motivation is the most important argument for many supporters of economic integration.Key words: Eurasian economic union, Eurasian integration, political issue, competitiveness, economic security.

Impact of foreign direct investment inflows on environmental pollution in Turkey

The globalization accelerated especially as of 1980s and the countries began to integrate global economy and remove the constraints on the flows of goods, services and capital. In this context, the developed countries partly shifted their environmentally hazardous production activities to the developing countries especially by means of foreign direct investments. This study investigates the impact of foreign direct investment inflows on the environmental pollution in Turkey during the period 1974-2010 by using Toda and Yamamoto (1995) causality test. We found that there was a bidirectional causality between foreign direct investment inflows and emissions.Keywords: Foreign direct investment inflows, emissions, causality analysis

Determinants of word-of-mouth communication and purchase intention of trade offices in kish Island (Case of Mica Mall)

Word of mouth (WOM) is becoming recognized as an important form of promotion and an important source of information influencing consumer’s purchase behavior. The purpose is to survey the effect of WOM on touristcustomers’ decision for purchasing Trade Offices of Mica Mall in Kish Island. Data was collected through a field research among 145 customers who have invested in Mika Mall offices, and the data were analyzed using correlation and structural equation modeling. The survey period was from Jun 2 to Jun 29, 2015. A questionnaire was provided for theories test by researcher. The validity and reliability of questionnaire was confirmed consequently by experts and Cronbach's Alpha by SPSS software. SEM was used for hypotheses testing. Two findings have been concluded in this survey. First, tie strength, source expertise, and reference group are the main antecedents of WOM seeking behavior. Second, WOM seeking behavior is the main determinant of purchase intention of Mika Mall trade offices. Managers should develop the completely understanding of WOM and try to stimulate WOM about trade offices among potential customers, because most customers are influenced by information which achieved from informal resources.Keywords: word-of-mouth, expertise, reference group, tie stnegth, purchase intention, mica mall

Factors affecting the success of the election economy in developed and developing countries (Some examples about Turkey)

Despite the risk of deterioration of the balance of budget and economy during election periods, the parties can go to election economy applications in order to remain in power depending on competition between themselves. Especially the incumbent uses fiscal policies for reelection purposes. Here the incumbent intends to secure reelection by maximizing his expected vote share at the next election and follow expansionary policies just before the elections and reverse the trend after the elections in order to smooth the negative effects of pre-election budget deficit. All these applications may cause deterioration of budget balances, budget deficit and economic instability leading to an increase in debt with a significant increase of public spending relative to tax revenues. But in terms of election economy not only the public policies but also the other factors (level of development, institutional quality and media access, level of democracy, political and economic crisis, constitutional rules, transparency etc.) play a key role which focus on the idea of heterogeneity across countries. In this study, factors affecting the success of the election economy in developed and developing countries are evaluated and some examples are given about Turkey’s 30-year period of elections from 1983 to 2015.Keywords: election economy, ruling party, budget deficit, turkey

Security threats and challenges in the post-soviet Central Asia: religion-based extremism on case study of ISIS

Nowadays the post-Soviet Central Asian countries face a broad range of security challenges and threats. Some of them are systemic in nature, while others occur sporadically. Many challenges and threats are coming from the outside the region, but the countries’ internal situation and background including historical, economic, social and political aspects. The reaction in the countries on religious-based radicalism and movements like ISIS is an ambiguous. The range and level of the threats and challenges depends on various reasons and different in all Central Asian countries. But the case of ISIS is very unprecedented and needs to be under the special analysis through the political and socio-economic dimension in all states. The different ways of development chosen by Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan and different background including borders, political systems, the role of religion and social stability defines the reflection to the threat in different way. Tajilistan and Uzbekistan are in high risk zone. The existing regional and extra regional organizations as CSTO and SCO are important in terms of security strengthening in Central Asia. Analyzing the general social, economic and religion climate picture in terms of absorbing or reflecting religious based extremism and ISIS the real power to stop it can be both effective inter-governmental cooperation and coordination with strong civil society support. Keywords: security, Central Asia, extremism, ISIS;

Determinants of the political culture of Kazakhstani students

The problem of political activity and political culture of youth in general, and student's youth in particular, have gained an importance recently. Lack of interest in the existing political processes in Kazakhstan and in the world among the younger generation became the norm. Recent numerous monitoring and researches show that the youth of Kazakhstan takes a passive position concerning process of elections. In this research it was made an attempt to reveal the determinants of political culture of the Kazakhstan student's youth. In article there presented and analyzed the results of the sociological polls concerning the main indicators of social and demographic situation, social well-being of youth. Research showed that the world economic crisis attracts social stratification of society which seriously influences an electoral activity of the Kazakhstan student's youth. Exactly, the difficulties in the solution of social and economic problems for youth in modern Kazakhstan are becoming the most important indicators of its relation to policy and participation in electoral process. The current stage of development of the Kazakhstan society is characterized by deep changes in all spheres of life. Processes of reforming took the forms of essential transformational changes, having thoroughly transformed the economic, political, social, civil relations, political system of the state. Problems of youth came to the forefront, The refore the human capital is a basis. Here legal bases and traditions are necessary. Therefore we need to solve fundamental basic problems from the economic point of view.Keywords: Kazakhstan student youth, young people, political activity, determinants of youth political culture