Ally or Foe: Role of Soil Microbiota in Shaping Root Architecture

2021 ◽  
pp. 73-91
Author(s):  
Srayan Ghosh ◽  
Shraboni Ghosh
Keyword(s):  
Root Architecture ◽  
Soil Microbiota

The role of root architecture in foraging behavior of entomopathogenic nematodes

2014 ◽  
Vol 122 ◽  
pp. 32-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lanila Demarta ◽  
Bruce E. Hibbard ◽  
Martin O. Bohn ◽  
Ivan Hiltpold
Keyword(s):  
Foraging Behavior ◽  
Root Architecture ◽  
Entomopathogenic Nematodes

Plasma membrane proteome analysis identifies a role of barley membrane steroid binding protein in root architecture response to salinity

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 1311-1330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katja Witzel ◽  
Andrea Matros ◽  
Anders L.B. Møller ◽  
Eswarayya Ramireddy ◽  
Christine Finnie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Root Architecture ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
Proteome Analysis ◽  
Membrane Proteome ◽  
Steroid Binding ◽  
Steroid Binding Protein

scholarly journals Jasmonic acid coordinates with light to regulate branching angle of Arabidopsis lateral roots

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manvi Sharma ◽  
Mohan Sharma ◽  
Muhammed Jamsheer K ◽  
Ashverya Laxmi
Keyword(s):  
Jasmonic Acid ◽  
Root Architecture ◽  
Lateral Roots ◽  
Biological Significance ◽  
Negative Regulator ◽  
Asymmetric Distribution ◽  
Vertical Orientation ◽  
Molecular Approaches ◽  
Branching Angle

AbstractStudies on the role of jasmonic acid (JA) in root growth and development and plant’s response to external stimuli is very well understood. However, its role in post emergence lateral root (LR) development still remains perplexing. Our work identifies methyl jasmonate (MeJA) as a crucial phytohormone involved in determining the branching angle of Arabidopsis LRs. MeJA inclines the LRs to a more vertical orientation which was found to be dependent on JAR1-COI1-MYC2, 3, 4 signalling. Our work also highlights the dual role of light acting with MeJA in governing the LR angle. Glucose (Glc), produced by light mediated photosynthesis induces wider branching angles. A combination of physiological, transcriptional and protein stability assays suggest that Glc antagonizes the MeJA response via HEXOKINASE 1 (HXK1) mediated signalling pathway and by stabilizing JAZ9, a negative regulator of JA signalling. Moreover, physiological assays using auxin mutants; ChIP-qPCR showing the direct binding of MYC2 on the promoters of auxin biosynthetic gene CYP79B2 and LAZY2 and asymmetric distribution of DR5::GFP and PIN2::GFP pinpoints the role of an intact auxin machinery required by MeJA to set the vertical growth of LRs. We also demonstrate that light perception through PHYTOCHROME A and B (PHYA and PHYB) and transcription factor LONG HYPOCOTYL5 (HY5) are indispensable for inducing vertical angles by MeJA. Thus, our investigation highlights antagonism between light and Glc signalling and how they interact with JA-auxin signals to optimize the branching angle of LRs which is a key determinant of foraging capacity of roots under natural environmental conditions.Biological significanceRoot branches grow at specific angles with respect to the gravity vector by suppressing positive orthogravitropic forces. Using physiological and molecular approaches, we have identified light mediated activation of jasmonate responses lead to erect root architecture that might not hold anchorage as well as capture resources. Glc produced via light keeps the jasmonate responses at bay, thus, adjusting the overall root architecture. Our findings introduce new players and how they act in concert in the regulation of LR angle.One sentence summaryThe Jasmonic acid pathway interacts with light, glucose and auxin machinery to fine tune branching angle of Arabidopsis LRs.

scholarly journals Studies on the aetiology of kiwifruit decline: interaction between soil-borne pathogens and waterlogging

2020 ◽  
Vol 456 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 113-128
Author(s):  
Francesco Savian ◽  
Fabrizio Ginaldi ◽  
Rita Musetti ◽  
Nicola Sandrin ◽  
Giulia Tarquini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Root Disease ◽  
Rainfall Data ◽  
Controlled Environment ◽  
Unknown Aetiology ◽  
Soil Microbiota ◽  
Soil Borne Pathogens ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Extensive Damage

Abstract Aims In 2012, Italian kiwifruit orchards were hit by a serious root disease of unknown aetiology (kiwifruit decline, KD) that still causes extensive damage to the sector. While waterlogging was soon observed to be associated with its outbreak, the putative role of soil microbiota remains unknown. This work investigates the role of these two factors in the onset of the disease. Methods Historical rainfall data were analysed to identify changes that might explain KD outbreak and mimic the flooding conditions required to reproduce the disease in a controlled environment. A greenhouse experiment was thus designed, and vines were grown in either unsterilized (U) or sterilized (S) soil collected from KD-affected orchards, and subjected (F) or not (N) to artificial flooding. Treatments were compared in terms of mortality rate, growth, and tissue modifications. Results KD symptoms were only displayed by FU-treated vines, with an incidence of 90%. Ultrastructural observations detected tyloses and fibrils in the xylem vessels of all plants, irrespective of the treatment. Phytopythium vexans and Phytopythium chamaehyphon, isolated from roots of FU plants, emerged as the associated microorganisms. Conclusions We succeeded in reproducing KD under controlled conditions and confirmed its association with both waterlogging and soil-borne microorganism(s).

Mimicking a rainfall gradient to test the role of soil microbiota for mediating plant responses to drier conditions

Oikos ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 127 (12) ◽  
pp. 1776-1786 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. O'Brien ◽  
Francisco I. Pugnaire ◽  
Susana Rodríguez-Echeverría ◽  
José A. Morillo ◽  
Francisco Martín-Usero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Responses ◽  
Rainfall Gradient ◽  
Soil Microbiota

scholarly journals THE ROLE OF ROOT PLANT ARCHITECTURE IN LANDSLIDE AND EROSION DISASTER MITIGATION

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-61
Author(s):  
Euthalia Hanggari Sittadewi ◽  
Iwan Gunawan Tejakusuma
Keyword(s):  
Root Architecture ◽  
Plant Architecture ◽  
Plant Root ◽  
Disaster Mitigation ◽  
Plant Roots ◽  
Root Characteristics ◽  
Practical Solution ◽  
Hydrological Effects ◽  
Financial Losses

Landslide and erosion disasters are become increasingly common in the last decade which resulted in financial losses and even human casualties. Therefore, disaster mitigation efforts of landslide and erosion are very important to be done immediately. A breakthrough of comprehensive and practical solution is highly expected for mitigation. Vegetation can improve slope stability, provide positive aspects for the environment, and provide mechanical and hydrological effects on slopes that are prone to landslide and erosion. The use of vegetation to mitigate landslide and erosion disasters is very potential to be developed because besides being effective, it is also economical and environmentally friendly. The mechanical aspects of plant roots is able to strengthen the soil. Plant root characteristics such as root architecture, root anchor index (IJA), root grip index (ICA) are important variables to determine the types of plants that will be used in mitigating landslide and erosion. 

scholarly journals The Role of Strigolactones in the Regulation of Root System Architecture in Grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) in Response to Root-Restriction Cultivation

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (16) ◽  
pp. 8799 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Xu ◽  
Jiyuan Wang ◽  
Ruiqi Wang ◽  
Lei Wang ◽  
Caixi Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitis Vinifera ◽  
Root Architecture ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Root System Architecture ◽  
Root Diameter ◽  
Vitis Vinifera L ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Root Restriction

This study investigated the effects of root-restriction cultivation on the root architecture, endogenous strigolactone (SL) content, and SL-related genes expression in grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.). In addition, we clarified the effects of synthetic SL analog GR24 application on grapevine roots to explore the role of SLs in their development. The results showed that the root architecture changed significantly under root-restriction cultivation. At 40 days after transplantation (DAT), the contents of two types of SLs in roots under root restriction were both significantly lower than that in roots of the control. SL content was significantly positively correlated with the expression levels of VvCCD8 and VvD27, indicating that they play vital roles in SLs synthesis. After GR24 treatment for 20 days, the root length was significantly shorter than in the control. A low concentration (0.1 μM) of GR24 significantly reduced the root diameter and increased the fine-root density, while a high concentration (10 μM) of GR24 significantly reduced the lateral root (LR) length and increased the LR density. Concomitantly, GR24 (0.1 μM) reduced endogenous SL content. After GR24 treatment for 5 days, the total content of two tested SLs was highly positively correlated with the expression levels of VvDAD2, whereas it was highly negatively correlated with VvSMAXL4 at 20 days after GR24 treatment. This study helps to clarify the internal mechanism of root-restriction cultivation affecting the changes in grapevine root architecture, as well as further explore the important role of SLs in the growth of grapevine roots in response to root-restriction treatment.

Revealing the Effects of Potassium on Rice Roots under Moisture Stress

2018 ◽  
Vol 102 (4) ◽  
pp. 28-31
Author(s):  
Kirti Bardhan ◽  
Dipika Patel ◽  
Dhiraji Patel
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Root Architecture ◽  
Plant Root ◽  
Moisture Stress ◽  
Rice Roots ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Organ Level ◽  
Plant Root System

The role of K in providing drought tolerance in the aerial parts of plants at the cellular, molecular, tissue, and organ level is well established compared to the plant root system. However, it is known that plants acquire soil water from deeper layers by modifying root architecture. The current study investigated the role of K in changing root architecture to facilitate more water acquisition as a mechanism to mitigate drought stress.

The role of auxin and cytokinin signalling in specifying the root architecture of Arabidopsis thaliana

2013 ◽  
Vol 317 ◽  
pp. 71-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniele Muraro ◽  
Helen Byrne ◽  
John King ◽  
Malcolm Bennett
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Root Architecture
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