Codes of Ethics and Ethical Guidelines

2022 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Codes Of Ethics ◽  
Ethical Guidelines

Truth-telling, decision-making, and ethics among cancer patients in nursing practice in China

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 1000-1008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong-Lan Ling ◽  
Hong-Jing Yu ◽  
Hui-Ling Guo
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Ethical Issue ◽  
Terminal Illness ◽  
Codes Of Ethics ◽  
Ethical Guidelines ◽  
Truth Telling ◽  
Case Scenario ◽  
Healthcare Practice

Background: Truth-telling toward terminally ill patients is a challenging ethical issue in healthcare practice. However, there are no existing ethical guidelines or frameworks provided for Chinese nurses in relation to decision-making on truth-telling of terminal illness and the role of nurses thus is not explicit when encountering this issue. Objectives: The intention of this paper is to provide ethical guidelines or strategies with regards to decision-making on truth-telling of terminal illness for Chinese nurses. Methods: This paper initially present a case scenario and then critically discuss the ethical issue in association with ethical principles and philosophical theories. Instead of focusing on attitudes toward truth disclosure, it aims to provide strategies regarding this issue for nurses. It highlights and discusses some of the relevant ethical assumptions around the perceived role of nurses in healthcare settings by focusing on nursing ethical virtues, nursing codes of ethics, and philosophical perspectives. And Confucian culture is discussed to explicate that deontology does not consider family-oriented care in China. Conclusion: Treating each family individually to explore the family’s beliefs and values on this issue is essential in healthcare practice and nurses should tailor their own approach to individual needs regarding truth-telling in different situations. Moreover, the Chinese Code of Ethics should be modified to be more specific and applicable. Finally, a narrative ethics approach should be applied and teamwork between nurses, physicians and families should be established to support cancer patients and to ensure their autonomy and hope. Ethical considerations: This paper was approved by the Ethics Committee of The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University. The authors have obtained consent to use the case study and it has been anonymised to preserve the patient's confidentiality.

scholarly journals NAVIGATOR OF PRINCIPLES AND STANDARDS OF PROFESSIONAL ETHICS OF HR-MANAGERS AND SPECIALISTS OF RECRUITING AGENCIES

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuliia Hryniuk
Keyword(s):  
Professional Ethics ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Code Of Ethics ◽  
Codes Of Ethics ◽  
Professional Standards ◽  
Scientific Article ◽  
Large Network ◽  
Ethical Guidelines ◽  
Principles And Standards ◽  
Hr Managers

The scientific article presents a navigation scheme for guiding the principles of professional ethics of HR-managers according to the code of ethics approved by the Society for Human Resource Management (SHRM). The content and professional and ethical guidelines for them are determined according to each of the principles, including: professional compliance, professional development, ethical leadership, impartiality and fairness, conflict of interest, use of information. In addition, a navigator of professional ethics standards has been formed, guided by specialists of recruitment agencies (recruitment managers or recruiters) in relation to clients of customers (individuals – job seekers and legal entities – employers), based on the analysis of large network and boutique recruitment sites of USA companies and codes of ethics for recruiters, developed by international recruitment associations, as well as independently supplemented by the author. In particular, the paper considers such professional standards as: absence of discriminatory manifestations in relation to the candidate at all stages of selection; ban on their enticement, including through the principle of practice “off-limits” (studied different approaches to the scale of its distribution, timing, obstacles to “closed access” for employment intermediaries, provided proposals to avoid conflicts of interest in its use); ensuring the confidentiality of information; constant communication with the customer company; providing the most reliable information to the candidate and the employer; consent from the candidate for the transfer of his personal data; inadmissibility of the offer of one candidate to several customers; refusal to cooperate with “unreliable” clients; prevention of informal relations between the specialist of the recruiting agency and the candidate. It was found that the development of a civilized recruitment market in Ukraine is hindered by the lack of consolidated, adapted to the domestic realities of the recruitment business and officially recognized by its representatives as professional standards of the code of ethics for recruiters.

Strategic and Ethical Issues in Outsourcing Information Technologies

2011 ◽  
pp. 232-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Randall C. Reid ◽  
Mario Pascalev
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Codes Of Ethics ◽  
Professional Organizations ◽  
Ethical Standards ◽  
Ethical Guidelines ◽  
External Vendors ◽  
Outsourcing Contracts

Outsourcing of information technology (IT) is the transfer of a company’s information technology functions to external vendors. Ordinarily, such transfer is considered only with regard to its strategic and economic impact on the organization. However, as the recent practice demonstrated, cost-benefit considerations and other strategic considerations are not sufficient to analyze an outsourcing case. Important ethical concerns relating to fiduciary responsibilities, insiders’ bidding for outsourcing contracts, and the like, are also pertinent to the analysis of outsourcing. This chapter will identify major ethical problems and will propose guidelines for ethical conduct in the process of outsourcing IT. Such guidelines could have broad practical implications for the practice of outsourcing. The chapter will analyze literature on outsourcing models and professional ethical standards. It will have the following structure. First, the benefits and models of outsourcing information technology will be discussed. Second, ethical literature in general and professional organizations’ codes of ethics in particular will be considered. Third, a recent case of IT outsourcing will be presented and analyzed. The ethical standards established in the thesis will be applied to the case. Finally, generalized ethical guidelines will be suggested for outsourcing models.

Take me to my leader

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 150-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janet Storch ◽  
Kara Schick Makaroff ◽  
Bernie Pauly ◽  
Lorelei Newton
Keyword(s):  
Ethical Leadership ◽  
Codes Of Ethics ◽  
Nurse Leaders ◽  
Practice Research ◽  
Limited Attention ◽  
Care Practice ◽  
Ethical Guidelines ◽  
Health Care Practice ◽  
Nurse Leadership ◽  
Professional Codes

Although ethical leadership by formal nurse leaders is critical to enhancing ethical health-care practice, research has shown that many nurses feel unsupported by their leaders. In this article, we consider the limited attention directed toward ethical leadership of formal nurse leaders and how our own research on ethical nurse leadership compares to other research in this field. In searching Nursing Ethics since its inception 20 years ago, we found only a dozen articles that directly addressed this topic. We then reviewed nurses’ professional codes of ethics in Canada and found significant retractions of ethical guidelines for formal nurse leaders’ ethical responsibilities over the past decade. We began to seek explanations of why this is so and offer some recommendations for the study and enhancement of ethics for formal nurse leadership.

Ethical challenges in the relationship between the pharmacist and patient in Iran

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 317-323
Author(s):  
Kourosh Delpasand ◽  
Saeid Nazari Tavakkoli ◽  
Mehrzad Kiani ◽  
Mahmoud Abbasi ◽  
Leila Afshar
Keyword(s):  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Developmental Process ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Hospital Pharmacist ◽  
Codes Of Ethics ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Patient Relationship ◽  
Ethical Challenges ◽  
Ethical Guidelines ◽  
Content Type

Purpose Based on the developmental process of pharmacy in medical relationships, it is essential to pay attention to ethical issues in this field and develop a good pharmacist–patient relationship. The present study aimed to mention the frequency of ethical challenges of pharmacy in Iran as a fundamental step towards designing a practical ethical guideline for professionals. Design/methodology/approach In this observational study, data were collected using a two-part questionnaire with 64 items developed after examining relevant texts and conducting unstructured interviews with pharmacy specialists. The first part determined the frequency of ethical challenges that the pharmacist confronts, using 43 short scenarios, whereas the second part comprised 21 questions with short answers. For validation, the questionnaire was sent to 20 medical ethics specialists who were familiar with issues in pharmacy ethics. Findings Data were collected from 48 members of the Iranian Association of Pharmacists (Working Group of Hospital Pharmacists). and the frequency of ethical challenges was determined. The most frequent issues were patient's request for over-the-counter drugs, asking about their lab results, asking drug for another person and returning the drug. Research limitations/implications One of the limitation of our study is its population, there were hospital pharmacist, other pharmacist such as community pharmacist may face different challenges. Practical implications The finding of this study could lead the policymakers to develop ethical guidelines for pharmacy practices. Social implications The pharmacist–patient relationship is one of the important aspects of health system, and therefore regulating this relationship based on the professional ethics guidelines could have a positive impact on therapeutic relationships. Originality/value Results showed that designing codes of ethics and practical guidelines based on the frequency of the noted challenges enhances the quality of treatment, improves the pharmacist–patient relationship, increases the level of cooperation and decreases patient complaints.

scholarly journals Initial drafting of telemedicine’s code of ethics through a stakeholders’ participatory process

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamid Shafizadeh ◽  
Bagher Larijani ◽  
Rita Mojtahedzadeh ◽  
Ehsan Shamsi Gooshki ◽  
Saharnaz Nedjat
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Code Of Ethics ◽  
Codes Of Ethics ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Ethical Framework ◽  
Participatory Process ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Ethical Guidelines ◽  
Ethical Concerns ◽  
Improve Access

Telemedicine can improve access to healthcare services; however, it has raised ethical concerns demanding special considerations. This study aimed at developing the codes of ethics for telemedicine, and hence several approved national and international ethical guidelines related to telemedicine practice were reviewed, and 48 semi-structured interviews were conducted with medical ethics and medical informatics experts as well as with physicians and patients who had telemedicine experiences. Content analysis was then performed on the interviews’ transcripts and a draft on code of ethics was prepared, which was further reviewed by the experts in the focus group meetings to reach a consensus on the final document. The final document consisted of a preface, five considerations, and 25 ethical statements. Considering the growing trend of adopting telemedicine worldwide, this document provides an ethical framework for those who use telemedicine in their medical practice.  

Empowering Graduate Students to Address Ethics in Research Environments

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 542-550
Author(s):  
ELISABETH HILDT ◽  
KELLY LAAS ◽  
CHRISTINE MILLER ◽  
STEPHANIE TAYLOR ◽  
ERIC M. BREY
Keyword(s):  
Ethics Education ◽  
Codes Of Ethics ◽  
Ethical Culture ◽  
Ethical Challenges ◽  
Ethical Guidelines ◽  
Bottom Up ◽  
Active Involvement ◽  
Science Technology ◽  
Research Environments ◽  
Context Specific

Abstract:In this article, we present an educational intervention that embeds ethics education within research laboratories. This structure is designed to assist students in addressing ethical challenges in a more informed way, and to improve the overall ethical culture of research environments. The project seeks (a) to identify factors that students and researchers consider relevant to ethical conduct in science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) and (b) to promote the cultivation of an ethical culture in experimental laboratories by integrating research stakeholders in a bottom-up approach to developing context-specific, ethics-based guidelines. An important assumption behind this approach is that direct involvement in the process of developing laboratory specific ethical guidelines will positively influence researchers’ understanding of ethical research and practice issues, their handling of these issues, and the promotion of an ethical culture in the respective laboratory. The active involvement may increase the sense of ownership and integration of further discussion on these important topics. Based on the project experiences, the project team seeks to develop a module involving the bottom-up building of codes-of-ethics-based guidelines that can be used by a broad range of institutions and that will be distributed widely.

scholarly journals Iranian Society of Asthma and Allergy Codes of Professional Ethics

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ehsan Shamsi Gooshki ◽  
Mahin Ahmadi Pishkuhi ◽  
Maryam Sadat Mousavi ◽  
Azam Raoofi ◽  
Mohammad Reza Fazlollahi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Professional Ethics ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Codes Of Ethics ◽  
Moral Dilemmas ◽  
Medical Council ◽  
Ethical Challenges ◽  
Ethical Guidelines ◽  
The Board Of Directors ◽  
Asthma And Allergy ◽  
General Section

The advances in science and technology in recent decades, especially in medical sciences, have raised new ethical challenges. Hence, professional organizations in the field of medical science are trying to develop regulations in the field of medical ethics to help medical science professionals in making the best decisions in different circumstances and moral dilemmas. The organizations also try to monitor their performance using those regulations. On the other hand, due to the specialization of medical science as well as the complexity of communication between these disciplines, there is a growing need for regulations to answer questions and resolve the challenges of each discipline. Certainly, scientific societies, due to benefit from relevant specialists, are the best reference for the development of specialized guidelines, one of which is the Iranian Society of Asthma and Allergy (ISAA). The aim of the current study was to develop codes of ethics for ISAA members, using a qualitative study. Generally, the ISAA codes of professional ethics consists of general and specific sections. In order to compile the general section, the upstream medical documents, including the patients' rights charter in Iran, the research ethics guidelines approved by the Ministry of Health and Medical Education (MOHME), ethical codes from the international societies of asthma and allergy, the general codes of professional ethics of the Iran Medical Council and the Islamic jurisprudential rules and the statute law of the country were used. To develop specific sections, we interviewed the experts in the field of Asthma and Allergy about the ethical challenges they had ever faced with. The ISAA codes of professional ethics developed in five chapters, entitled "Ethical Guidelines for the Mangers and Director of the Society, General Guidelines, Specific Guidelines, Ethical Guidelines for Research and Education, and Procedure for Supervision on the Professional Behavior of the ISAA Members", and approved by the board of directors of ISAA.

Medical Research and Treatment: Ethical Standards in the International Context

1995 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret A. Mcgregor Vennell
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Research Ethics ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Codes Of Ethics ◽  
Ethical Guidelines ◽  
Permanent Disability ◽  
International Context ◽  
International Convention ◽  
Law And Ethics ◽  
To Receive

The paper considers the development of Codes of Health Research Ethics. It also considers the need for codes of ethics governing the provision of health care, and its relationship to research ethics. Is there a need for codes to regulate both research and treatment? Should the norms of the International Ethical Guidelines for Biomedical Research Involving Human Subjects (ClaMS) be incorporated into an International Convention which is binding on signatory states. The paper considers the rights of human subjects and patients to be fully informed about the research and treatment. How can the law or ethics protect this right? It considers whether New Zealand law and ethics measures up to the ClaMS Guidelines. The ClaMS Guidelines provide that any subject who is physically injured as a result of participating in research is entitled to receive financial or other assistance so as to compensate them equitably for any temporary or permanent disability. The paper looks at the effect of New Zealand legislation particularly the Accident Rehabilitation and Compensation Insurance Act 1992, and considers whether New Zealand is providing adequate compensation in compliance with the Guidelines.

Strategic and Ethical Issues in Outsourcing Information Technologies

2011 ◽  
pp. 189-204
Author(s):  
Randall C. Reid ◽  
Mario Pascalev
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Codes Of Ethics ◽  
Professional Organizations ◽  
Ethical Standards ◽  
Ethical Guidelines ◽  
External Vendors ◽  
Outsourcing Contracts

Outsourcing of information technology (IT) is the transfer of a company’s information technology functions to external vendors. Ordinarily, such transfer is considered only with regard to its strategic and economic impact on the organization. However, as the recent practice demonstrated, cost-benefit considerations and other strategic considerations are not sufficient to analyze an outsourcing case. Important ethical concerns relating to fiduciary responsibilities, insiders’ bidding for outsourcing contracts, and the like, are also pertinent to the analysis of outsourcing. This chapter will identify major ethical problems and will propose guidelines for ethical conduct in the process of outsourcing IT. Such guidelines could have broad practical implications for the practice of outsourcing. The chapter will analyze literature on outsourcing models and professional ethical standards. It will have the following structure. First, the benefits and models of outsourcing information technology will be discussed. Second, ethical literature in general and professional organizations’ codes of ethics in particular will be considered. Third, a recent case of IT outsourcing will be presented and analyzed. The ethical standards established in the thesis will be applied to the case. Finally, generalized ethical guidelines will be suggested for outsourcing models.

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