healthcare practice
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2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 170-170
Author(s):  
Julianne Holt-Lunstad

Abstract Evidence suggests social isolation and loneliness are prevalent within the population and may potentially be exacerbated due to the pandemic. Social connections have powerful influences on health and longevity, and lacking social connection qualifies as a risk factor for premature mortality. Evidence from the recent National Academy of Science consensus report on social isolation and loneliness among older adults will be summarized, providing the scope of the health effects, potential mechanisms and risk factors, as well as current gaps in the evidence. Importantly, this evidence points to several implications for solutions across sectors, including medical and healthcare practice and policy.


2021 ◽  
pp. 43-60
Author(s):  
Stefano Triberti ◽  
Ilaria Durosini ◽  
Davide La Torre ◽  
Valeria Sebri ◽  
Lucrezia Savioni ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
E. A. Bartels ◽  
B. R. Meijboom ◽  
L. M. W. Nahar-van Venrooij ◽  
E. de Vries

Abstract Background Today’s healthcare provision is facing several challenges, that cause the level of complexity to increase at a greater rate than the managerial capacity to effectively deal with it. One of these challenges is the demand for person-centered care in an approach that is tuned towards shared decision-making. Flexibility is needed to adequately respond to individual needs. Methods We elaborate on the potential of service modularity as a foundation for person-centered care delivered in a shared decision-making context, and examine to what extent this can improve healthcare. We primarily focused on theory building. To support our effort and gain insight into how service modularity is currently discussed and applied in healthcare, we conducted a scoping review. Results Descriptions of actual implementations of modularity in healthcare are rare. Nevertheless, applying a modular perspective can be beneficial to healthcare service improvement since those service modularity principles that are still missing can often be fulfilled relatively easily to improve healthcare practice. Service modularity offers a way towards flexible configuration of services, facilitating the composition of tailored service packages. Moreover, it can help to provide insight into the possibilities of care for both healthcare professionals and patients. Conclusions We argue that applying a modular frame to healthcare services can contribute to individualized, holistic care provision and can benefit person-centered care. Furthermore, insight into the possibilities of care can help patients express their preferences, increasing their ability to actively participate in a shared decision-making process. Nevertheless, it remains essential that the healthcare professional actively collaborates with the patient in composing the care package, for which we propose a model. Altogether, we posit this can improve healthcare practice, especially for the people receiving care.


2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-2
Author(s):  
Erna Snelgrove-Clarke ◽  

When the right team comes together, the results are magical! This is exactly what happened when the authors of Fundamentals of Person-Centred Healthcare Practice united to write this book. Each contributing author interposes theoretical and practice expertise, all adding to the value and wisdom this work has to offer. The book sets out to guide us towards a shared understanding and a common language for person-centredness. The lens of the Person-centred Practice Framework offers an insight into its application in a number of areas of health and social care practice, while reminding us that all persons are ever changing. We are invited to remain open to change and to challenge ourselves and our beliefs as we embark on a journey into person-centred healthcare practice. As that journey begins, we are directed to explore various concepts, from what it means to be a person to the values of person-centredness, knowing self and flourishing as humans. Being person-centred requires a commitment to communicating clearly, navigating systems, appreciating contexts and engaging while being sympathetically present. The delineation of concepts in this book prepares us to explore chapters covering person-centredness in settings such as rehabilitation, long-term care, mental health and maternity services. The book is a call to action guided by approaches to learning and development that include active and reflective learning and critical thinking, alongside the strategies needed to create person-centred learning cultures.


2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. e001031
Author(s):  
Mohammad Hamiduzzaman ◽  
Anita De-Bellis ◽  
Wendy Abigail ◽  
Amber Fletcher

This paper aims to contextualise ‘healthcare access and utilisation’ within its wider social circumstances, including structural factors that shape primary healthcare for marginalised groups. Mainstream theories often neglect complexities among the broader social, institutional and cultural milieus that shape primary healthcare utilisation in reality. A blended critical social framework is presented to highlight the recognition and emancipatory intents surrounding person, family, healthcare practice and society. Using the theoretical contributions of Habermas and Honneth, the framework focuses on power relationships, misrecognition/recognition strategies, as well as disempowerment/empowerment dynamics. To enable causal and structural analysis, we draw on the depth ontology of critical realism. The framework is then applied to the case of rural elderly women’s primary healthcare use in Bangladesh. Drawing on the literature, this article illustrates how a blended critical social perspective reveals the overlapping and complex determinants that affect primary healthcare utilisation, before concluding with the importance of situating healthcare access in sociocultural structures.


Author(s):  
Kaisa Kärki

AbstractIn bioethics vaccine refusal is often discussed as an instance of free riding on the herd immunity of an infectious disease. However, the social science of vaccine refusal suggests that the reasoning behind refusal to vaccinate more often stems from previous negative experiences in healthcare practice as well as deeply felt distrust of healthcare institutions. Moreover, vaccine refusal often acts like an exit mechanism. Whilst free riding is often met with sanctions, exit, according to Albert Hirschman’s theory of exit and voice is most efficiently met by addressing concerns and increasing the quality and number of feedback channels. If the legitimate grievances responsible for vaccine refusal are not heard or addressed by healthcare policy, further polarization of attitudes to vaccines is likely to ensue. Thus, there is a need in the bioethics of vaccine refusal to understand the diverse ethical questions of this inflammable issue in addition to those of individual responsibility to vaccinate.


Author(s):  
Gustavo Barreto Melo ◽  
Yehuda Shoenfeld ◽  
Eduardo Büchele Rodrigues

AbstractInjections are widely performed in the healthcare practice. Silicone has long been thought to be an inert and harmless material. Although used for decades in medical implants, including heart valves, breast implants, and as a tamponade for retinal detachment surgery, silicone oil might have deleterious effects. Agitation of the syringe to expel air at the moment of drug preparation not only leads to silicone oil release but also to therapeutic protein aggregation. Lab studies have shown that silicone oil microdroplets can act as an adjuvant to promote a break in immunological tolerance and induce antibody response. Similarly, recent studies have suggested a causal link between agitation of siliconized syringes and ocular inflammation after intravitreal injection. Systemically, silicone oil has been reported in association with autoimmune diseases and skin granuloma after either direct injection of dermal fillers or secondary leakage from silicone breast implant. However, it has not been established yet a potential link between the silicone oil released by the syringes and such relevant systemic adverse events. Few professionals are aware that agitation of a siliconized syringe might lead to silicone oil release, which, in turn, acts an adjuvant to an increased immunogenicity. We strongly recommend that every healthcare professional be aware of the use of silicone oil in the syringe manufacturing process, the factors that promote its release and the potential complications to the organism. Ultimately, we recommend that safer syringes be widely available.


2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 31-35
Author(s):  
A. Ya. Gubergrits

The progressive view of domestic clinicians on peptic ulcer disease is well known not as a local process in the stomach or in the duodenum, but as a general disease of the body (M. M. Gubergrits, M. P. Konchalovsky, R. A. Luria, N. D. Strazhesko , M.V. Chernorutsky, etc.). However, despite the great work invested in the study of peptic ulcer disease, much in this problem remains unclear and not specified. In particular, the demands of healthcare practice and the results of existing methods of treating peptic ulcer disease do not meet.


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