Carbonic Anhydrases of Higher Plants: an Overview

2000 ◽  
pp. 501-518 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jim N. Burnell
Keyword(s):  
Higher Plants ◽  
Carbonic Anhydrases

scholarly journals Carbonic Anhydrases in Photosynthesizing Cells of C3 Higher Plants

Metabolites ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lyudmila Ignatova ◽  
Natalia Rudenko ◽  
Elena Zhurikova ◽  
Maria Borisova-Mubarakshina ◽  
Boris Ivanov
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Carbonic Anhydrase ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Organic Molecules ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
C3 Plants ◽  
Coherent System ◽  
Carbonic Anhydrases ◽  
Chloroplast Stroma ◽  
Different Parts

The review presents data on the location, nature, properties, number, and expression of carbonic anhydrase genes in the photosynthesizing cells of C3 plants. The available data about the presence of carbonic anhydrases in plasma membrane, cytoplasm, mitochondria, chloroplast stroma and thylakoids are scrutinized. Special attention was paid to the presence of carbonic anhydrase activities in the different parts of thylakoids, and on collation of sources of these activities with enzymes encoded by the established genes of carbonic anhydrases. The data are presented to show that the consistent incorporation of carbonic anhydrases belonging to different families of these enzymes forms a coherent system of CO2 molecules transport from air to chloroplasts in photosynthesizing cells, where they are included in organic molecules in the carboxylation reaction. It is discussed that the manifestation of the activity of a certain carbonic anhydrase depends on environmental conditions and the stage of ontogenesis.

scholarly journals Carbonic Anhydrases in Photosynthesizing Cells of C3 Higher Plants

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lyudmila Ignatova ◽  
Natalia Rudenko ◽  
Elena Zhurikova ◽  
Maria Borisova-Mubarakshina ◽  
Boris Ivanov
Keyword(s):  
Higher Plants ◽  
Carbonic Anhydrases

Carbonic anhydrases in higher plants and aquatic microorganisms

1993 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
pp. 179-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dieter Sultemeyer ◽  
Claudia Schmidt ◽  
Heinrich P. Fock
Keyword(s):  
Higher Plants ◽  
Carbonic Anhydrases ◽  
Aquatic Microorganisms

Carbonic anhydrases in photosynthetic cells of higher plants

2015 ◽  
Vol 80 (6) ◽  
pp. 674-687 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. N. Rudenko ◽  
L. K. Ignatova ◽  
T. P. Fedorchuk ◽  
B. N. Ivanov
Keyword(s):  
Higher Plants ◽  
Carbonic Anhydrases ◽  
Photosynthetic Cells

Evolution and diversity of CO2 concentrating mechanisms in cyanobacteria

2002 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Murray R. Badger ◽  
David Hanson ◽  
G. Dean Price
Keyword(s):  
Higher Plants ◽  
Initial Step ◽  
Rapid Expansion ◽  
Atmospheric Co2 ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Oxygenic Photosynthesis ◽  
Rapid Decline ◽  
Co2 Uptake ◽  
Uptake System ◽  
Carbonic Anhydrases

Cyanobacteria have developed an effective photosynthetic CO2 concentrating mechanism (CCM) for improving the efficiency of carboxylation by a relatively inefficient Rubisco. The development of this CCM was presumably in response to the decline in atmospheric CO2 levels and rising O2, both of which were triggered by the development of oxygenic photosynthesis by cyanobacteria themselves. In the past few years there has been a rapid expansion in our understanding of the mechanism and genes responsible for the CCM. In addition, there has been a recent expansion in the availability of complete cyanobacterial genomes, thus increasing our potential to examine questions regarding both the evolution and diversity of components of the CCM across cyanobacteria. This paper considers various CCM and photosynthesis gene components across eight cyanobacteria where significant genomic information is available. Significant conclusions from our analysis of the distribution of various genes indicated the following. Firstly, cyanobacteria have developed with two types of carboxysomes, and this is correlated with the form of Rubisco present. We have coined the terms α-cyanobacteria to refer to cyanobacteria containing Form 1A Rubisco and α-carboxysomes, and β-cyanobacteria having Form 1B Rubisco and β-carboxysomes. Secondly, there are two NDH-1 CO2 uptake systems distributed variably, withProchlorococcus marinus species appearing to lack this CO2 uptake system. There are at least two HCO3– transport systems distributed variably, with some α-cyanobacteria having an absence of systems identified in β-cyanobacteria. Finally, there are multiple forms of carbonic anhydrases (CAs), but with only β-carboxysomal CA having a clearly shown role at present. The α-cyanobacteria appear to lack a clearly identifiable carboxysomal CA. A pathway for the evolution of cyanobacterial CCMs is proposed. The acquisition of carboxysomes triggered by the rapid decline of atmospheric CO2 in the Phanerozoic is argued to be the initial step. This would then be followed by the development of NDH-1 CO2-uptake systems, followed by the development of low-and high-affinity HCO3– transporters. An intriguing question is, were carboxysomes developed first in cyanobacteria, or did they originate by the lateral transfer of pre-existing proteobacterial bacterial microcompartment genes? The potentially late evolution of the CCM genes in cyanobacteria argues for a polyphyletic and separate evolution of CCMs in cyanobacteria, algae, and higher plants.

Carbonic anhydrases in higher plants and aquatic microorganisms

1993 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
pp. 179-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dieter Sultemeyer ◽  
Claudia Schmidt ◽  
Heinrich P. Fock
Keyword(s):  
Higher Plants ◽  
Carbonic Anhydrases ◽  
Aquatic Microorganisms

scholarly journals Identification and molecular characterization of the alternative spliced variants of beta carbonic anhydrase 1 (βCA1) from Arabidopsis thaliana

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e12673
Author(s):  
Jinyu Shen ◽  
Zhiyong Li ◽  
Yajuan Fu ◽  
Jiansheng Liang
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Stress Response ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Physiological Role ◽  
Carbonic Anhydrases ◽  
Ppi Network ◽  
Heat Stress Response ◽  
The Individual

Carbonic anhydrases (CAs) are ubiquitous zinc metalloenzymes that catalyze the interconversion of carbon dioxide and bicarbonate. Higher plants mainly contain the three evolutionarily distinct CA families αCA, βCA, and γCA, with each represented by multiple isoforms. Alternative splicing (AS) of the CA transcripts is common. However, there is little information on the spliced variants of individual CA isoforms. In this study, we focused on the characterization of spliced variants of βCA1 from Arabidopsis. The expression patterns and subcellular localization of the individual spliced variants of βCA1 were examined. The results showed that the spliced variants of βCA1 possessed different subcellular and tissue distributions and responded differently to environmental stimuli. Additionally, we addressed the physiological role of βCA1 in heat stress response and its protein-protein interaction (PPI) network. Our results showed that βCA1 was regulated by heat stresses, and βca1 mutant was hypersensitive to heat stress, indicating a role for βCA1 in heat stress response. Furthermore, PPI network analysis revealed that βCA1 interacts with multiple proteins involved in several processes, including photosynthesis, metabolism, and the stress response, and these will provide new avenues for future investigations of βCA1.

In vitro and in vivo polysaccharides assembly: ultrastructural and cytochemical study of growing plant cell wall components.

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 434-435
Author(s):  
D. Reis ◽  
B. Vian ◽  
J. C. Roland
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Plant Cell Wall ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cytochemical Study ◽  
Wall Components

Wall morphogenesis in higher plants is a problem still open to controversy. Until now the possibility of a transmembrane control and the involvement of microtubules were mostly envisaged. Self-assembly processes have been observed in the case of walls of Chlamydomonas and bacteria. Spontaneous gelling interactions between xanthan and galactomannan from Ceratonia have been analyzed very recently. The present work provides indications that some processes of spontaneous aggregation could occur in higher plants during the formation and expansion of cell wall.Observations were performed on hypocotyl of mung bean (Phaseolus aureus) for which growth characteristics and wall composition have been previously defined.In situ, the walls of actively growing cells (primary walls) show an ordered three-dimensional organization (fig. 1). The wall is typically polylamellate with multifibrillar layers alternately transverse and longitudinal. Between these layers intermediate strata exist in which the orientation of microfibrils progressively rotates. Thus a progressive change in the morphogenetic activity occurs.

Localization of Adenosine Triphosphatase Activity in the Phleom of Nicotiana Tabacum

1972 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 230-231
Author(s):  
James Cronshaw ◽  
Jamison E. Gilder
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Atpase Activity ◽  
Adenosine Triphosphatase ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
High Surface ◽  
Root Tip ◽  
Animal Cells ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Tip Cells ◽  
Atpase Localization

Adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) activity has been shown to be associated with numerous physiological processes in both plants and animal cells. Biochemical studies have shown that in higher plants ATPase activity is high in cell wall preparations and is associated with the plasma membrane, nuclei, mitochondria, chloroplasts and lysosomes. However, there have been only a few ATPase localization studies of higher plants at the electron microscope level. Poux (1967) demonstrated ATPase activity associated with most cellular organelles in the protoderm cells of Cucumis roots. Hall (1971) has demonstrated ATPase activity in root tip cells of Zea mays. There was high surface activity largely associated with the plasma membrane and plasmodesmata. ATPase activity was also demonstrated in mitochondria, dictyosomes, endoplasmic reticulum and plastids.

A Scanning Electron Microscopic Study of Pro-Vascular Cellular Morphology in Chaetophora Incressata

1985 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 638-639
Author(s):  
A. E. Hotchkiss ◽  
A. T. Hotchkiss ◽  
R. P. Apkarian
Keyword(s):  
Green Algae ◽  
Vascular Plants ◽  
Vascular System ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Wall Structure ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopic Study ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopic ◽  
Scanning Electron

Multicellular green algae may be an ancestral form of the vascular plants. These algae exhibit cell wall structure, chlorophyll pigmentation, and physiological processes similar to those of higher plants. The presence of a vascular system which provides water, minerals, and nutrients to remote tissues in higher plants was believed unnecessary for the algae. Among the green algae, the Chaetophorales are complex highly branched forms that might require some means of nutrient transport. The Chaetophorales do possess apical meristematic groups of cells that have growth orientations suggestive of stem and root positions. Branches of Chaetophora incressata were examined by the scanning electron microscope (SEM) for ultrastructural evidence of pro-vascular transport.

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