scholarly journals Lessons Learnt, Open Research Questions and Recommendations

2016 ◽  
pp. 279-292
Author(s):  
Christine Bismuth ◽  
Bernd Hansjürgens ◽  
Timothy Moss ◽  
Sebastian Hoechstetter ◽  
Klement Tockner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Open Research ◽  
Lessons Learnt ◽  
Research Questions

scholarly journals Users roles identification on online crowdsourced Q&A platforms and encyclopedias: a survey

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akrati Saxena ◽  
Harita Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Network Analysis ◽  
Knowledge Sharing ◽  
Informal Learning ◽  
Social Roles ◽  
Online Discussion ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Temporal Analysis ◽  
The State ◽  
Open Research ◽  
Research Questions

AbstractOnline informal learning and knowledge-sharing platforms, such as Stack Exchange, Reddit, and Wikipedia have been a great source of learning. Millions of people access these websites to ask questions, answer the questions, view answers, or check facts. However, one interesting question that has always attracted the researchers is if all the users share equally on these portals, and if not then how the contribution varies across users, and how it is distributed? Do different users focus on different kinds of activities and play specific roles? In this work, we present a survey of users’ social roles that have been identified on online discussion and Q&A platforms including Usenet newsgroups, Reddit, Stack Exchange, and MOOC forums, as well as on crowdsourced encyclopedias, such as Wikipedia, and Baidu Baike, where users interact with each other through talk pages. We discuss the state of the art on capturing the variety of users roles through different methods including the construction of user network, analysis of content posted by users, temporal analysis of user activity, posting frequency, and so on. We also discuss the available datasets and APIs to collect the data from these platforms for further research. The survey is concluded with open research questions.

scholarly journals A comprehensive review of plus-minus ratings for evaluating individual players in team sports

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lars Magnus Hvattum
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Team Sports ◽  
Sports Analytics ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Sports Events ◽  
Open Research ◽  
New Directions ◽  
Individual Player ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
The Many

AbstractThe increasing availability of data from sports events has led to many new directions of research, and sports analytics can play a role in making better decisions both within a club and at the level of an individual player. The ability to objectively evaluate individual players in team sports is one aspect that may enable better decision making, but such evaluations are not straightforward to obtain. One class of ratings for individual players in team sports, known as plus-minus ratings, attempt to distribute credit for the performance of a team onto the players of that team. Such ratings have a long history, going back at least to the 1950s, but in recent years research on advanced versions of plus-minus ratings has increased noticeably. This paper presents a comprehensive review of contributions to plus-minus ratings in later years, pointing out some key developments and showing the richness of the mathematical models developed. One conclusion is that the literature on plus-minus ratings is quite fragmented, but that awareness of past contributions to the field should allow researchers to focus on some of the many open research questions related to the evaluation of individual players in team sports.

scholarly journals Assembly and Maintenance of Sarcomere Thin Filaments and Associated Diseases

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 542 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kendal Prill ◽  
John F. Dawson
Keyword(s):  
Thin Filament ◽  
Reverse Genetics ◽  
Medical Intervention ◽  
Model Organisms ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Function ◽  
Thin Filaments ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Open Research ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Sarcomere Assembly

Sarcomere assembly and maintenance are essential physiological processes required for cardiac and skeletal muscle function and organism mobility. Over decades of research, components of the sarcomere and factors involved in the formation and maintenance of this contractile unit have been identified. Although we have a general understanding of sarcomere assembly and maintenance, much less is known about the development of the thin filaments and associated factors within the sarcomere. In the last decade, advancements in medical intervention and genome sequencing have uncovered patients with novel mutations in sarcomere thin filaments. Pairing this sequencing with reverse genetics and the ability to generate patient avatars in model organisms has begun to deepen our understanding of sarcomere thin filament development. In this review, we provide a summary of recent findings regarding sarcomere assembly, maintenance, and disease with respect to thin filaments, building on the previous knowledge in the field. We highlight debated and unknown areas within these processes to clearly define open research questions.

scholarly journals Defining and measuring microservice granularity—a literature overview

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e695
Author(s):  
Fredy H. Vera-Rivera ◽  
Carlos Gaona ◽  
Hernán Astudillo
Keyword(s):  
Quality Attributes ◽  
Exclusion Criteria ◽  
Field Development ◽  
Literature Overview ◽  
Open Research ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Computational Resources

Background Microservices are an architectural approach of growing use, and the optimal granularity of a microservice directly affects the application’s quality attributes and usage of computational resources. Determining microservice granularity is an open research topic. Methodology We conducted a systematic literature review to analyze literature that addresses the definition of microservice granularity. We searched in IEEE Xplore, ACM Digital Library and Scopus. The research questions were: Which approaches have been proposed to define microservice granularity and determine the microservices’ size? Which metrics are used to evaluate microservice granularity? Which quality attributes are addressed when researching microservice granularity? Results We found 326 papers and selected 29 after applying inclusion and exclusion criteria. The quality attributes most often addressed are runtime properties (e.g., scalability and performance), not development properties (e.g., maintainability). Most proposed metrics were about the product, both static (coupling, cohesion, complexity, source code) and runtime (performance, and usage of computational resources), and a few were about the development team and process. The most used techniques for defining microservices granularity were machine learning (clustering), semantic similarity, genetic programming, and domain engineering. Most papers were concerned with migration from monoliths to microservices; and a few addressed green-field development, but none address improvement of granularity in existing microservice-based systems. Conclusions Methodologically speaking, microservice granularity research is at a Wild West stage: no standard definition, no clear development—operation trade-offs, and scarce conceptual reuse (e.g., few methods seem applicable or replicable in projects other than their initial proposal). These gaps in granularity research offer clear options to investigate on continuous improvement of the development and operation of microservice-based systems.

scholarly journals The Effectiveness of Different Levels of Activation in Higher Education

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Figas ◽  
Michael Sailer ◽  
Georg Hagel ◽  
Maximilian Sailer
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Learning Performance ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Classroom Activities ◽  
Open Research ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Different Levels

Although there are several empirical studies about active learning in higher education, there are some open research questions. Especially, it appears to be relevant to find out what type of activity (active, interactive and constructive) has a positive effect on the learning result of participants in task-based activities. In order to answer this question an experimental study was conducted with students in German higher education (N=50). The results do not show a significant difference between active, interactive and constructive activities on learning performance in task-based learning. But all groups have benefited from the classroom activities according to the test results.

scholarly journals When Computational Representation Meets Neuroscience: A Survey on Brain Encoding and Decoding

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lu Cao ◽  
Dandan Huang ◽  
Yue Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Language Processing ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Language Models ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Artificial Intelligent ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Open Research ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Computational Representation

Real human language mechanisms and the artificial intelligent language processing methods are two independent systems. Exploring the relationship between the two can help develop human-like language models and is also beneficial to reveal the neuroscience of the reading brain. The flourishing research in this interdisciplinal research field calls for surveys to systemically study and analyze the recent successes. However, such a comprehensive review still cannot be found, which motivates our work. This article first briefly introduces the interdisciplinal research progress, then systematically discusses the task of brain decoding from the perspective of simple concepts and complete sentences, and also describes main limitations in this field and put forward with possible solutions. Finally, we conclude this survey with certain open research questions that will stimulate further studies.

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