Pathology of Oesophageal Cancer and Gastric Cancer

2016 ◽  
pp. 9-16
Author(s):  
Nilu Wijesuriya
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Oesophageal Cancer

scholarly journals External Validation of the Dutch SOURCE Survival Prediction Model in Belgian Metastatic Oesophageal and Gastric Cancer Patients

Cancers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 834
Author(s):  
J.J. van Kleef ◽  
H.G. van den Boorn ◽  
R.H.A. Verhoeven ◽  
K. Vanschoenbeek ◽  
A. Abu-Hanna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Prediction Model ◽  
Oesophageal Cancer ◽  
Prediction Error ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Survival Prediction ◽  
Cancer Model ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Prediction Error

The SOURCE prediction model predicts individualised survival conditional on various treatments for patients with metastatic oesophageal or gastric cancer. The aim of this study was to validate SOURCE in an external cohort from the Belgian Cancer Registry. Data of Belgian patients diagnosed with metastatic disease between 2004 and 2014 were extracted (n = 4097). Model calibration and discrimination (c-indices) were determined. A total of 2514 patients with oesophageal cancer and 1583 patients with gastric cancer with a median survival of 7.7 and 5.4 months, respectively, were included. The oesophageal cancer model showed poor calibration (intercept: 0.30, slope: 0.42) with an absolute mean prediction error of 14.6%. The mean difference between predicted and observed survival was −2.6%. The concordance index (c-index) of the oesophageal model was 0.64. The gastric cancer model showed good calibration (intercept: 0.02, slope: 0.91) with an absolute mean prediction error of 2.5%. The mean difference between predicted and observed survival was 2.0%. The c-index of the gastric cancer model was 0.66. The SOURCE gastric cancer model was well calibrated and had a similar performance in the Belgian cohort compared with the Dutch internal validation. However, the oesophageal cancer model had not. Our findings underscore the importance of evaluating the performance of prediction models in other populations.

scholarly journals Increased risk of gastro-oesophageal cancers among married couples: Data from the Ardabil Cancer Registry (ACR) in Northwest of Iran, 2002-2016

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manouchehr Iranparvar-Alamdari ◽  
Abbas Yazdanbod ◽  
Nasrollah Maleki ◽  
Majid Rostami-Mogaddam ◽  
Farnaz Amani
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Cancer Registry ◽  
Oesophageal Cancer ◽  
Married Couples ◽  
Medical Personnel ◽  
Cancer Etiology ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
History Of ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
Shared Risk

Abstract Background: The study of cancer in spouses may play an important role in the assessment of cancer etiology. This study aims to evaluate the risk of gastro-oesophageal cancers among spouses.Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study of the Ardabil Cancer Registry (ACR) office for patients with a diagnosis of gastro-oesophageal cancers from 2002 to 2016. Data were collected by trained medical personnel through medical records.Results: A total of 2741 participants diagnosed with gastro-oesophageal cancer were enrolled in this study: 1786 (65.2%) had gastric cancer and 955 (34.8%) had oesophageal cancer. In the 14 years of the study period, twelve couples with gastro-oesophageal cancer were identified. The mean duration at marriage among the couples was 42.5 years of age. A positive history of consanguineous marriage was found in 2 (16.7%) of the cases. Of these 12 couples with gastro-oesophageal cancer, 8 (33.3%) were located in the oesophagus, 15 (62.5%) in the stomach, and one (4.2%) at the gastro-oesophageal junction. Histologically, all gastric cancers were adenocarcinoma and were located mainly in the cardia region (66.7%). However, squamous cell carcinoma was the most common histologic type of oesophageal cancer (87.5%) and were located mainly in the middle thirds and lower thirds of the oesophagus.Conclusions: The presence of shared risk factors among married couples such as lifestyle (smoking and alcohol consumption), nutritional habits, psychological stress, and H. pylori infection, indicating that environmental factors play an important role in the development of gastric cancer.

scholarly journals Correction: Association between the National Cancer Screening Programme (NSCP) for gastric cancer and oesophageal cancer mortality

2020 ◽  
Vol 123 (3) ◽  
pp. 496-496
Author(s):  
Jie-Hyun Kim ◽  
◽  
Kyung-Do Han ◽  
Jung Kuk Lee ◽  
Hyun-Soo Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Oesophageal Cancer ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Screening Programme ◽  
Cancer Screening Programme

271 OESOPHAGO-GASTRIC CANCER SURVIVAL IN SCOTLAND: LESSONS LEARNT FROM ESTABLISHING A NATIONAL NETWORK

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
R McGregor ◽  
G Couper ◽  
P Lamb ◽  
R Petty ◽  
A MacDonald ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Quality Assurance ◽  
Oesophageal Cancer ◽  
Survival Data ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Oesophageal Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Health Board ◽  
R1 Resection ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
Survival Differences

Abstract   Oesophageal cancer is the 9th most common cancer in Scotland, with 972 new cases in 2017. It remains the 4th most common cause of cancer death, with an estimated 5 year survival of 12.1%. Scotland’s oesophago-gastric cancer network consists of 3 regional divisions, serving a population of 5.44 million. In 2017, survival data indicated survival differences across the 3 networks. This work analyses these outcomes and provides insight into the challenges faced by national collaboration. Methods Upper GI Cancer Quality Performance Indicators (QPIs) for patients diagnosed between January 1st 2013 and December 2015 were collected by clinical audit staff in each NHS Board and submitted centrally to the Information Services Division (ISD). Twelve QPIs are assessed and include: % discussed at MDT, % undergoing neo-adjuvant chemotherapy/CRT, 30/90 day mortality, length of stay, and R1 resection rates. Quality assurance of the dataset was assessed by analysing 20% of records submitted. Both univariate (log rank testing and Kaplan–Meier survival curves) and multivariate survival analysis (Cox’s proportional hazards model) were then performed on all patients across the networks. Results —Quality assurance of the dataset was high—96% accuracy of those records analysed.—Univariate analysis showed that increased age, higher deprivation scores, poor performance status, high tumour grade, an R1 resection, and a poor Charlson comorbidity index, had worse survival. Gender was not a significant survival factor. There was no difference at either network or health board level for all patients with oesophageal cancer.—multi-variate analysis revealed survival differences across the networks for radical treatment of oesophageal adenocarcinoma. In addition, the survival of patients receiving radical radiotherapy in one network appeared better than chemoradiotherapy for SCC. Conclusion This body of work highlights the challenges and pitfalls of establishing a national clinical network. Importantly, data collection and accuracy are high. Moreover, unlike other national collaboratives, data submission is compulsory. Whilst survival differences were detected across the clinical networks, further in depth analysis revealed confounding factors e.g. 23% of oesophageal cancers were stage “unknown”. The algorithm used at ISD did not capture stage T4a or b accounting for most of these patients.

scholarly journals Patient symptom experience prior to a diagnosis of oesophageal or gastric cancer: a multi-methods study

BJGP Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. bjgpopen20X101001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elka Humphrys ◽  
Fiona M Walter ◽  
Greg Rubin ◽  
Jon D Emery ◽  
Margaret Johnson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Primary Care ◽  
Medical Record ◽  
Oesophageal Cancer ◽  
Help Seeking ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Common Symptom ◽  
Symptom Experience ◽  
Team Meetings ◽  
Symptom Awareness

BackgroundLate stage diagnosis of oesophageal and gastric cancer is common, which limits treatment options and contributes to poor survival.AimTo explore patients' understanding, experience and presentation of symptoms before a diagnosis of oesophageal or gastric cancer.Design & settingBetween May 2016 and October 2017, all patients newly diagnosed with oesophageal or gastric cancer were identified at weekly multidisciplinary team meetings at two large hospitals in England. A total of 321 patients were invited to participate in a survey and secondary care medical record review; 127 (40%) participants responded (102 patients had oesophageal cancer and 25 had gastric cancer). Of these, 26 participated in an additional face-to-face interview.MethodSurvey and medical record data were analysed descriptively. Interviews were analysed using thematic analysis, informed by the Model of Pathways to Treatment.ResultsParticipants experienced multiple symptoms before diagnosis. The most common symptom associated with oesophageal cancer was dysphagia (n = 66, 65%); for gastric cancer, fatigue or tiredness (n = 20, 80%) was the most common symptom. Understanding of heartburn, reflux and indigestion, and associated symptoms differed between participants and often contrasted with clinical perspectives. Bodily changes attributed to personal and/or lifestyle factors were self-managed, with presentation to primary care prompted when symptoms persisted, worsened, or impacted daily life, or were notably severe or unusual. Participants rarely presented all symptoms at the initial consultation.ConclusionThe patient interval may be lengthened by misinterpretation of key terms, such as heartburn, or misattribution or non-recognition of important bodily changes. Clearly defined symptom awareness messages may encourage earlier help-seeking, while eliciting symptom experience and meanings in primary care consultations could prompt earlier referral and diagnosis.

scholarly journals Cohort profile: a nationwide population-based retrospective assessment of oesophageal cancer in the Finnish National Esophago-Gastric Cancer Cohort (FINEGO)

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. e039575
Author(s):  
Henna K Söderström ◽  
Jari Räsänen ◽  
Juha Saarnio ◽  
Vesa Toikkanen ◽  
Tuula Tyrväinen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Oesophageal Cancer ◽  
Neoadjuvant Treatment ◽  
Surgical Techniques ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Registry Data ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Curative Surgery ◽  
Cancer Specific Survival ◽  
Over Time

PurposeThe Finnish National Esophago-Gastric Cancer Cohort (FINEGO) was established to combine the available registry data with detailed patient information to form a comprehensive, retrospective, population-based research platform of surgically treated oesophageal and gastric cancer in Finland. This cohort profile describes the 2045 surgically treated patients with oesophageal cancer included in the FINEGO cohort.ParticipantsRegistry data were collected from the National Cancer, Patient, Education and Death Registries from 1 January 1987 to 31 December 2016. All patients over 18 years of age, who had either curative surgery, palliative surgery or salvage surgery for primary cancer in the oesophagus are included in this study.Findings to date2045 patients had surgery for oesophageal cancer in the selected time period. 67.2% were man, and the majority had only minor comorbidities. The proportions of adenocarcinomas and squamous cell carcinomas were 43.1% and 44.4%, respectively, and 12.5% had other or missing histology. Only about 23% of patients received neoadjuvant therapy. Oesophagectomy was the treatment of choice and most patients were treated at low-volume centres, but median annual hospital volume increased over time. Median overall survival was 23 months, 5-year survival for all patients in the cohort was 32.9% and cancer-specific survival was 36.5%.Future plansEven though Finland only has a population of 5.5 million, surgery for oesophageal carcinoma has not been centralised and therefore previously reported results have mostly been small, single-centre cohorts. Because of FINEGO, we now have a population-based, unselected cohort of surgically treated patients, enabling research on national trends over time regarding oesophageal cancer, including patient characteristics, tumour histology, stage and neoadjuvant treatment, surgical techniques, hospital volumes and patient mortality. Data collection is ongoing, and the cohort will be expanded to include more detailed data from patient records and national biobanks.

Oesophageal and Gastric Cancer

2011 ◽  
Vol 4 (11) ◽  
pp. 609-616
Author(s):  
Meera Patel ◽  
Vaux Cairns ◽  
Arun S. Takhar ◽  
James A. Stephenson
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Patient Outcomes ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Oesophageal Cancer ◽  
Poor Prognosis ◽  
Late Presentation ◽  
Early Referral ◽  
Delayed Referral ◽  
Improve Patient ◽  
Common Malignancy

Oesophageal cancer is a common malignancy with an increasing incidence and often poor prognosis. Symptoms can be non-specific which can lead to late presentation or delayed referral. To improve patient outcomes, GPs need to be aware of the key clinical features of oesophageal cancer and the pivotal role that early referral can play in the patient's management and prognosis.

scholarly journals International variation in oesophageal and gastric cancer survival 2012–2014: differences by histological subtype and stage at diagnosis (an ICBP SURVMARK-2 population-based study)

Gut ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. gutjnl-2021-325266
Author(s):  
Melina Arnold ◽  
Eileen Morgan ◽  
Aude Bardot ◽  
Mark J Rutherford ◽  
Jacques Ferlay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Oesophageal Cancer ◽  
Cancer Survival ◽  
High Income ◽  
Stage At Diagnosis ◽  
Histological Subtype ◽  
Histological Subtypes ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Localised Disease

ObjectiveTo provide the first international comparison of oesophageal and gastric cancer survival by stage at diagnosis and histological subtype across high-income countries with similar access to healthcare.MethodsAs part of the ICBP SURVMARK-2 project, data from 28 923 patients with oesophageal cancer and 25 946 patients with gastric cancer diagnosed during 2012–2014 from 14 cancer registries in seven countries (Australia, Canada, Denmark, Ireland, New Zealand, Norway and the UK) were included. 1-year and 3-year age-standardised net survival were estimated by stage at diagnosis, histological subtype (oesophageal adenocarcinoma (OAC) and oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC)) and country.ResultsOesophageal cancer survival was highest in Ireland and lowest in Canada at 1 (50.3% vs 41.3%, respectively) and 3 years (27.0% vs 19.2%) postdiagnosis. Survival from gastric cancer was highest in Australia and lowest in the UK, for both 1-year (55.2% vs 44.8%, respectively) and 3-year survival (33.7% vs 22.3%). Most patients with oesophageal and gastric cancer had regional or distant disease, with proportions ranging between 56% and 90% across countries. Stage-specific analyses showed that variation between countries was greatest for localised disease, where survival ranged between 66.6% in Australia and 83.2% in the UK for oesophageal cancer and between 75.5% in Australia and 94.3% in New Zealand for gastric cancer at 1-year postdiagnosis. While survival for OAC was generally higher than that for OSCC, disparities across countries were similar for both histological subtypes.ConclusionSurvival from oesophageal and gastric cancer varies across high-income countries including within stage groups, particularly for localised disease. Disparities can partly be explained by earlier diagnosis resulting in more favourable stage distributions, and distributions of histological subtypes of oesophageal cancer across countries. Yet, differences in treatment, and also in cancer registration practice and the use of different staging methods and systems, across countries may have impacted the comparisons. While primary prevention remains key, advancements in early detection research are promising and will likely allow for additional risk stratification and survival improvements in the future.

scholarly journals Association between the National Cancer Screening Programme (NSCP) for gastric cancer and oesophageal cancer mortality

2020 ◽  
Vol 123 (3) ◽  
pp. 480-486
Author(s):  
Jie-Hyun Kim ◽  
◽  
Kyung-Do Han ◽  
Jung Kuk Lee ◽  
Hyun-Soo Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Oesophageal Cancer ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Screening Programme ◽  
Cancer Screening Programme

Ultrastructural Cytochemical Study of Human Gastric Cancer: Observation of AKP ase,ACP ase,G6P ase,TPP ase and CO ase

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 254-255
Author(s):  
Dong Yuming ◽  
Yang Guanglin ◽  
Du Wei Dong ◽  
Xu Ai Liam
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Gastric Epithelium ◽  
Human Gastric Cancer ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Cytochemical Study ◽  
Electron Microscopic Cytochemistry ◽  
Cytochemical Reaction ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Cancer Tissues ◽  
Cytochemical Technique

The activities and distributions of AKPase ,ACPase,G6Pase,TPPase and COase in human normal gastric mucosa and gastric cancer tissues were studied histochemically at light microscopic level. These enzymes are the marker enzymes of cell membrane lysosome endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus and mitochondrion objectively. On the basis of the research we set up a special ultrastructural cytochemical technique and first researched into gastric cancer domesticly. Ultrastructural cytochemistry is also called electron microscopic cytochemistry. This new technique possesses both the sensitivity of cytochemical reaction andi the high resolution of electron microscope. It is characterized by direct observation,exact localization and the combination morphology with function.The distributions of AKPase,ACPase,G6Pase,TPPase and COase in 14 cases of gastric cancer and 1 case of gastric Denign lesion were studied ultrastructurally. The results showed: 1. normal gastric epithelium had no AKPase reaction. The reaction of ACPase,G6Pase,TPPase and Coase were found in the corresponding organella, which were consistent with their function.

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