On the Explanation of Human Action: “Good Reasons”, Critical Rationalism and Argumentation Theory

Television advertisement is an effective medium that aims to market a product or service, because it combines audio and visuals. therefore television advertisement can effectively influence the audience to buy the product or service. Advertisement nowadays does not only convey promotional messages, but can also be a medium for delivering social messages. That is one form of the function of the media, which is to educate the public. The research entitled Representation of Morality in the Teh Botol Sosro Advertisement "Semeja Bersaudara" version analyzed the morality value in a television advertisement from ready-to-drink tea producers, Teh Botol Sosro entitled "Semeja Bersaudara" which began airing in early 2019. In this study researchers used Charles Sanders Peirce's Semiotics theory with triangular meaning analysis tools in the form of Signs, Objects and Interpretations. In addition, researchers also use representation theory from Stuart Hall in interpreting messages in advertisements. The results of this study found that the "Semeja Bersaudara" version of Teh Botol Sosro advertisement represented a message in the form of morality. There are nine values of morality that can be taken in this advertisement including, friendly attitude, sharing, empathy, help, not prejudice, no discrimination, harmony, tolerance between religious communities and cross-cultural tolerance. The message conveyed in this advertisement is how the general public can understand how every human action in social life has moral values, so that the public can understand and apply moral values in order to live a better life.

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Compulsive Bodies, Creative Bodies: Beckett'sQuadand Agency in the 21stCentury

Journal of Beckett Studies ◽

10.3366/jobs.2018.0217 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 27 (1) ◽

pp. 5-21

Author(s):

Amanda Dennis

Keyword(s):

Human Action ◽

The Body ◽

New Materialism ◽

Illustrative Case ◽

Repetitive Movement ◽

Repetitive Tasks ◽

The Subject ◽

Object Oriented Ontology ◽

Geological Space ◽

Alternative Reading

Lying in ditches, tromping through mud, wedged in urns, trash bins, buried in earth, bodies in Beckett appear anything but capable of acting meaningfully on their environments. Bodies in Beckett seem, rather, synonymous with abjection, brokenness, and passivity—as if the human were overcome by its materiality: odours, pain, foot sores, decreased mobility. To the extent that Beckett's personae act, they act vaguely (wandering) or engage in quasi-obsessive, repetitive tasks: maniacal rocking, rotating sucking stones and biscuits, uttering words evacuated of sense, ceaseless pacing. Perhaps the most vivid dramatization of bodies compelled to meaningless, repetitive movement is Quad (1981), Beckett's ‘ballet’ for television, in which four bodies in hooded robes repeat their series ad infinitum. By 1981, has all possibility for intentional action in Beckett been foreclosed? Are we doomed, as Hamm puts it, to an eternal repetition of the same? (‘Moments for nothing, now as always, time was never and time is over, reckoning closed and story ended.’)This article proposes an alternative reading of bodily abjection, passivity and compulsivity in Beckett, a reading that implies a version of agency more capacious than voluntarism. Focusing on Quad as an illustrative case, I show how, if we shift our focus from the body's diminished possibilities for movement to the imbrication of Beckett's personae in environments (a mound of earth), things, and objects, a different story emerges: rather than dramatizing the impossibility of action, Beckett's work may sketch plans for a more ecological, post-human version of agency, a more collaborative mode of ‘acting’ that eases the divide between the human, the world of inanimate objects, and the earth.Movements such as new materialism and object-oriented ontology challenge hierarchies among subjects, objects and environments, questioning the rigid distinction between animate and inanimate, and the notion of the Anthropocene emphasizes the influence of human activity on social and geological space. A major theoretical challenge that arises from such discourses (including 20th-century challenges to the idea of an autonomous, willing, subject) is to arrive at an account of agency robust enough to survive if not the ‘death of the subject’ then its imbrication in the material and social environment it acts upon. Beckett's treatment of the human body suggests a version of agency that draws strength from a body's interaction with its environment, such that meaning is formed in the nexus between body and world. Using the example of Quad, I show how representations of the body in Beckett disturb the opposition between compulsivity (when a body is driven to move or speak in the absence of intention) and creative invention. In Quad, serial repetition works to create an interface between body and world that is receptive to meanings outside the control of a human will. Paradoxically, compulsive repetition in Beckett, despite its uncomfortable closeness to addiction, harnesses a loss of individual control that proposes a more versatile and ecologically mindful understanding of human action.

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Intentions and their Effects on the Legality of Dispositions and Contracts

Journal of Qur anic Studies ◽

10.3366/jqs.2002.4.1.130 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 130-141

Author(s):

Abdullah Muhammad al-Shami

Keyword(s):

Basic Principle ◽

Islamic Law ◽

Human Action ◽

Basic Principles ◽

Human Actions ◽

Special Place ◽

Legal Contract ◽

Islamic Jurisprudence ◽

Legal Opinions ◽

The Right

In Islamic law judgements on any human action are usually evaluated in terms of the intention involved. Accordingly, the rules of substantive issues have to be accommodated under the basic principles of Islamic jurisprudence. The understanding of these principles by the juristic scholar is highly rewarding because it will lead the muftī to the right path in deriving legal opinions from the original sources. The basic principle of Islamic jurisprudence, which stipulates that ‘all actions depend on intentions,’ has played an important role in the construction of Islamic jurisprudence. Moreover, this rule has a special place in the theory of Islamic legal contract. So what is the effect of intention in the validity of human actions and legal contracts? It is known that pure intention has significant effects on spiritual worship and legal contracts of transaction. It also gives guidance for earning rewards from Almighty Allah. This article concentrates on the effect of intention in perpetual worship, the concept of action and intention in Islamic legal works, the kind of contract with all its components, and the jurists' views on the effects of intention in human action and legal contract along with their discussion and counter-arguments.

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Are Public Bureaucracies Supposed to Be High Reliability Organizations?

Global Perspectives ◽

10.1525/gp.2020.17643 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Wolfgang Seibel

Keyword(s):

Child Protection ◽

Organization Theory ◽

Goal Attainment ◽

High Reliability ◽

Human Action ◽

High Reliability Organizations ◽

Fine Grained ◽

Trade Offs ◽

Public Bureaucracy ◽

Account Standard

This article addresses the question of to what extent conventional theories of high reliability organizations and normal accidents theory are applicable to public bureaucracy. Empirical evidence suggests precisely this. Relevant cases are, for instance, collapsing buildings and bridges due to insufficient supervision of engineering by the relevant authorities, infants dying at the hands of their own parents due to misperceptions and neglect on the part of child protection agencies, uninterrupted serial killings due to a lack of coordination among police services, or improper planning and risk assessment in the preparation of mass events such as soccer games or street parades. The basic argument is that conceptualizing distinct and differentiated causal mechanisms is useful for developing more fine-grained variants of both normal accident theory and high reliability organization theory that take into account standard pathologies of public bureaucracies and inevitable trade-offs connected to their political embeddedness in democratic and rule-of-law-based systems to which belong the tensions between responsiveness and responsibility and between goal attainment and system maintenance. This, the article argues, makes it possible to identify distinct points of intervention at which permissive conditions with the potential to trigger risk-generating human action can be neutralized while the threshold that separates risk-generating human action from actual disaster can be raised to a level that makes disastrous outcomes less probable.

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Simultaneous Recognition of Human Action and its Location Estimation Based on Multi-view Hough Voting

IEEJ Transactions on Electronics Information and Systems ◽

10.1541/ieejeiss.134.634 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 134 (5) ◽

pp. 634-642

Author(s):

Kensho Hara ◽

Takatsugu Hirayama ◽

Kenji Mase

Keyword(s):

Human Action ◽

Location Estimation ◽

Hough Voting

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Secondary-Cause Autonomy and Divine Motivation

European Journal for Philosophy of Religion ◽

10.24204/ejpr.v8i3.1687 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. 75-92

Author(s):

Christian Schröer

Keyword(s):

Human Dignity ◽

Human Action ◽

Thomas Aquinas ◽

Moral Autonomy ◽

Human Beings ◽

Religious Motivation ◽

Basic Principles ◽

Theoretical View ◽

Human Autonomy ◽

The Voice

An act-theoretical view on the profile of responsibility discourse shows in what sense not only all kinds of technical, pragmatic and moral reason, but also all kinds of religious motivation cannot justify a human action sufficiently without acknowledgment to three basic principles of human autonomy as supreme limiting conditions that are human dignity, sense, and justifiability. According to Thomas Aquinas human beings ultimately owe their moral autonomy to a divine creator. So this autonomy can be considered as an expression of secondary-cause autonomy and as the voice of God in the enlightened conscience.

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Human action recognition using simple geometric features and a finite state machine

Image Processing & Communications ◽

10.2478/v10248-012-0079-y ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 18 (2-3) ◽

pp. 49-60 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Damian Dudzńiski ◽

Tomasz Kryjak ◽

Zbigniew Mikrut

Keyword(s):

Action Recognition ◽

Finite State Machine ◽

Recognition Rate ◽

Human Action Recognition ◽

Human Action ◽

Video Stream ◽

State Machine ◽

Recognition Algorithm ◽

Finite State ◽

Correct Recognition Rate

Abstract In this paper a human action recognition algorithm, which uses background generation with shadow elimination, silhouette description based on simple geometrical features and a finite state machine for recognizing particular actions is described. The performed tests indicate that this approach obtains a 81 % correct recognition rate allowing real-time image processing of a 360 X 288 video stream.

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