Experimental Data and Simulations of Performance and Thermal Comfort in a Typical Mediterranean House

The number of buildings renovated following the introduction of European energy-efficiency policy represents a small number of buildings in Spain. So, the main Spanish building stock needs an urgent energy renovation. Using passive strategies is essential, and thermal characterization and predictive tests of the energy-efficiency improvements achieving acceptable levels of comfort for their users are urgently necessary. This study analyzes the energy performance and thermal comfort of the users in a typical Mediterranean dwelling house. A transient simulation has been used to acquire the scope of Spanish standards for its energy rehabilitation, taking into account standard comfort conditions. The work is based on thermal monitoring of the building and a numerical validated model developed in TRNSYS. Energy demands for different models have been calculated considering different passive constructive measures combined with real wind site conditions and the behavior of users related to natural ventilation. This methodology has given us the necessary information to decide the best solution in relation to energy demand and facility of implementation. The thermal comfort for different models is not directly related to energy demand and has allowed checking when and where the measures need to be done.

THEORETICAL STUDY OF LEGAL PROTECTION FOR CREDITORS IN THE OPEN SAVINGS ACCOUNT STANDARD AGREEMENT IN BANKS IN INDONESIA

This study aims to examine the legal protection of creditors against standard savingsbookkeeping agreements at the Bank. With the enactment of Law Number 8 of 1999concerning Consumer Protection, the customer or customer gets legal protection. To bea customer at a bank, the community must first be bound in a legal relationship with thebank. The legal relationship between the customer and the bank occurs after bothparties sign an account opening form as proof that the customer has agreed and iswilling to fulfill the terms and conditions proposed by the bank. Customers who deposittheir money in the bank expect profit, security and convenience, therefore there must beprotection provided by the bank to depositors. The problem that will be discussed in thisresearch is how the form of legal protection for creditors against the standardagreement to open a savings account at a bank. The method used in this study is a typeof normative juridical research or literature review or documents related to theproblem. Based on the results of the study the authors found that the form of legalprotection for deposit customers against the exoneration clause in the form of opening a savings account at a commercial bank is one of the government's efforts to protect consumers against businesses in the financial services sector. Financial ServicesAuthority Regulation Number:1/POJK.07/2013 concerning Consumer Protection TheFinancial Services Sector is able to put the position of consumers of financial servicesin balance with financial service players, but in practice banks still apply theexoneration clause.

Are Public Bureaucracies Supposed to Be High Reliability Organizations?

This article addresses the question of to what extent conventional theories of high reliability organizations and normal accidents theory are applicable to public bureaucracy. Empirical evidence suggests precisely this. Relevant cases are, for instance, collapsing buildings and bridges due to insufficient supervision of engineering by the relevant authorities, infants dying at the hands of their own parents due to misperceptions and neglect on the part of child protection agencies, uninterrupted serial killings due to a lack of coordination among police services, or improper planning and risk assessment in the preparation of mass events such as soccer games or street parades. The basic argument is that conceptualizing distinct and differentiated causal mechanisms is useful for developing more fine-grained variants of both normal accident theory and high reliability organization theory that take into account standard pathologies of public bureaucracies and inevitable trade-offs connected to their political embeddedness in democratic and rule-of-law-based systems to which belong the tensions between responsiveness and responsibility and between goal attainment and system maintenance. This, the article argues, makes it possible to identify distinct points of intervention at which permissive conditions with the potential to trigger risk-generating human action can be neutralized while the threshold that separates risk-generating human action from actual disaster can be raised to a level that makes disastrous outcomes less probable.

The Technique of Development of Readiness of the Future Teachers to Designing of Individual Methodical System

Article is devoted to a problem of vocational training of the future teachers. The theoretical substantiation of methodical culture of the future teacher is given, as integrative set of its professional and personal values, qualities and methodical competence which allows to carry out creatively the future methodical activity on the basis of a reflexion, the got experience and self-development taking into account standard requirements of the state. The characterised process of methodical preparation of the future teacher has allowed to offer structure of methodical preparation. It is defined that the individual methodical system displays pedagogical ideals, values, an internal position and experience of professional work of the future teacher, its personal qualities and system of mutual relations. In a theory context curriculum (from English curriculum), it is proved a technique of development of readiness of the future teachers to designing of individual methodical system, stages and steps which are characterised. The structure of an investigated phenomenon - readiness of the future teacher for designing of individual methodical system which is presented by four components (motivational -modeling, cognitive- designing, constructive-technological and reflexive-estimated) is defined. The training maintenance has found reflexion in «The program of formation of methodical culture of the future teachers» which is constructed by a modular principle. The conclusion is drawn - the technique of development of readiness of the future teachers to designing of individual methodical system includes a complex of methods which cover all development of the considered readiness: from ordering of knowledge available for the future teacher about methodical system before control of its efficiency. It promotes development of each structural component of investigated readiness of the future teachers to designing of individual methodical system: motivational-modeling, cognitive-designing, constructive-technological and reflexive-estimated. The offered technique is designed on use in vocational training of the future teachers in higher education establishments.

A SIMPLIFIED METHOD FOR PHYSICAL PROGRESS MEASUREMENT

Project stakeholders frequently have problems while monitoring the progress of the projects during execution. Since an unbiased measurement system could not be established, progress figures are mainly based on project stakeholders’ own experiences or subjective judgements. Considering the size of the projects, small to medium scale projects suffer the most from this problem. Usually, planning and site organizations of such scale projects are not set up adequately due to tight budgets or limited number of qualified personnel. Therefore, progress calculation method could not be defined efficiently or the data required for calculating project progress could not be gathered accurately. In order to overcome aforementioned difficulties and measure the progress correctly, simplified progress measurement techniques can be a solution. This article intends to describe how a simplified and convenient physical progress measurement method can be established. By separating the project into main elements and defining the most indicative commodities of them, number of parameters, which should be followed in the project can be decreased to a manageable level. Project weights of the elements can be calculated by taking into account standard man-hours required to complete each of them. Finally, construction milestones of the elements can be scheduled in a table, which helps to track and calculate the progress. A footbridge example is simply illustrated in the article to describe the method to readers explicitly.

The impact of parameters of air hyperbaric exposure on the decompression chamber first ventilation

The material presents an analysis of the impact that the parameters of air hyperbaric exposure have on the time remaining to the beginning of the first ventilation, as calculated with two mathematical models. The research has been conducted in the form of simulations that take into account standard parameters of exposure. Differences between the analysed models have been indicated, and the influence of the changes of particular input values in the analysed models on the output values has been defined.

PECULIARITIES OF APPLICATION OF BANK ACCOUNTS IN UKRAINE ACCORDING TO IBAN INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS

The article examines the current state of settlement operations by Ukrainian banks using international bank account numbers. The peculiarities of the introduction of the international bank account number in the practice of Ukrainian banks and its use for interbank settlements today are analyzed. The structure of current accounts of business entities in the format of the international standard IBAN (International Bank Account Number) is described. IBAN is a standard of the International Organization for Standardization ISO and the European Committee for Banking Standards ECBS, which carries out the coding of bank accounts according to uniform international rules. For Ukraine, IBAN consists of 29 alphanumeric characters: country code, check digit, bank code and account number. Today, 74 countries use the international bank account number IBAN, of which 34 are members of a single European payment network, which completely eliminates the differences between domestic and international payments in euros. Therefore, speaking about the introduction of this practice in the domestic banking market, it should be noted that this innovation will significantly modernize the system of international interbank settlements. The use of the old parameters of current accounts in Ukraine allowed to read information about the client only to Ukrainian banks. According to the results of the study on the introduction of the international bank account standard IBAN in Ukraine, the introduction of international bank account standards improves the procedure for identifying counterparties, in particular by reducing the number of details, which greatly simplifies the procedure for processing settlement documents, including international transfers. The use of this bank account standard also avoids errors in international settlements in the banking sector. The advantages of using international bank account number by Ukrainian banks are substantiated, in particular, it is proved that the introduction of the international standard bank account IBAN will harmonize the Ukrainian payment space with the European one, and will further modernize the NBU electronic payment system.

RANCANG BANGUN SISTEM INFORMASI STANDAR HARGA BARANGPADA KOTA TANGERANG

In planning the procurement of goods and services the government city of Tangerang, will be compiled in a budget plan regional work units (RKA-on education) allocated from the Budget Revenue and Expenditure for Fiscal Year 2013, the compilation takes into account Standard Price of Goods. The problem faced now is the drafting, discussion and Standard Storage Unit Price still use the document to be signed by the Drafting Team and the Mayor of Tangerang as authorizing the Mayor's decision, and the data is stored in a file on Ms. Excel 2007. This proved to be less effective and time efficiency, especially when searching required by the standard price of sector departments. And waste paper for printing the books for sector departments in the form of a report each fiscal year. To overcome these problems were created Standards Information System using the web-based Goods Price CodeIgniter 2.0 framework and data storage using MySQL. With the construction of this system is expected to boost the quality of information transmission standard price of goods in the city of Tangerang.

ROLE OF MIGRATORY BIRDS UNDER ENVIRONMENTAL FLUCTUATION — A MATHEMATICAL STUDY

Chatterjee and Chattopadhyay1proposed and analyzed a simple one season eco-epidemiological model to understand the role of migratory birds in an eco-epidemiological scenario. In this paper, we have modified their model taking into account standard incidence as horizontal incidence. We have studied the proposed model both in the absence and in the presence of environmental disturbances. From our analysis, we observe that in the absence of the environmental fluctuations, the disease spread by migratory birds may be controlled by either decreasing the contact rate, or increasing the recovery or predation rates. Further, we also observe that if the artificial eutrophication (or intensity of white noise) is kept under a certain threshold value, the control procedure proposed in the deterministic case is also valid in the presence of environmental disturbances.