Making Paper in Australia: Developing the Technology to Create a National Industry, 1818–1928

2018 ◽  
pp. 217-236
Author(s):  
Gordon Dadswell
Keyword(s):  
National Industry

Performance Evaluation of Vietnamese Apparel Enterprises: An Application of DEA Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Tran Van Trang ◽  
Quang Hung Do ◽  
Minh Huan Luong
Keyword(s):  
Performance Evaluation ◽  
Cost Management ◽  
Apparel Industry ◽  
Labor Cost ◽  
Efficiency Analysis ◽  
Main Role ◽  
Dea Efficiency ◽  
Overall Performance ◽  
Dea Approach ◽  
National Industry

A continued robust growth of Vietnamese apparel enterprises has showed that they do notplay the auxiliary but the main role in the national industry. However, in general, the apparel industryin Vietnam has not met the practical requirements. In order to provide overall performance evaluationand how to achieve efficiency systematically, this study utilizes DEA approach to determine theperformance levels of 15 Vietnamese apparel industry enterprises and assess their efficiency.Specifically, we have applied output oriented model, which aims to maximize outputs while the inputsproportions remain unchanged to realize DEA efficiency analysis. CCR-based and BCC-based modelsare utilized to get overall technical and pure technical efficiencies. The findings show that havingbusiness transactions with foreign partners, good labor cost management and effective inventorymanagement are the most prominent factors in distinguishing between efficient and inefficiententerprises in Vietnam's apparel industry. The study may be a useful tool for managers to improvetheir performances and effectively allocate resources.

scholarly journals Tourism as a Key for Regional Revitalization?: A Quantitative Evaluation of Tourism Zone Development in Japan

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 7478
Author(s):  
Hyunjung Kim ◽  
Eun Jung Kim
Keyword(s):  
Positive Impact ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Group Design ◽  
Narrow Region ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Zone Development ◽  
The Government ◽  
Urban And Regional Development ◽  
National Industry

Since the dawn of the 21st century, Japan has switched its national industry strategy from traditional industries—manufacturing and trading—toward tourism. Regional revitalization is a particularly important issue in Japan, and by uniting regions as an integrated tourism zone, the government expects an increase in visits to tourism zones. This study quantitatively evaluates whether the regions that contain a tourism zone experience a significant increase in visitors by using a quasi-experimental pretest–posttest control group design. Additionally, it examines the effects of subsidies through regression modeling. The results indicated that the tourism zones that were comprised of a narrow region in the same prefectures experienced a significant increase in visitors. The subsidy on information transmission, measures for the secondary traffic, and space formation had a significant positive impact on the increase in visitors to these tourism zones. Implications on tourism policies, urban and regional development, and community development can be obtained through this study.

Ansatzpunkte einer relationalen Regionalpolitik und Clusterförderung

2008 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Harald Bathelt ◽  
Ulrich Dewald
Keyword(s):  
Policy Formulation ◽  
Cluster Policy ◽  
Aggregated Data ◽  
Michael Porter ◽  
External Relations ◽  
Economic Support ◽  
Economic Interaction ◽  
Recent Debate ◽  
National Industry

Relational aspects of regional economic support and cluster policy. The recent debate about the application and interpretation of cluster concepts is characterized by increasing skepticism. The literature has particularly criticized the fact that policy formulation is often only vaguely related to the academic discussion and evidence regarding clusters. Part of this confusion can be traced back to the fuzziness of the original cluster concept developed by Michael Porter which claims to be applicable to the competitiveness of both national industry bundles and inter-linked regional industry networks. As a consequence, policies which are declared as cluster policies can be quite heterogeneous. In this paper, we argue for a closer link between cluster conception and cluster policy. It is shown that an understanding of clusters as multidimensional industry configurations is advantageous in developing and advancing a relational cluster policy. A multidimensional cluster approach, which highlights the role of agency in economic interaction, focuses on the action space of cluster agents, and goes beyond the regional and national scale. It avoids simplifications and deterministic interpretations that can result from using aggregated data or from treating regions as if they were agents. Instead, the approach recognizes that external relations of cluster actors are core in understanding and explaining the success of clusters. We will emphasize this by laying out elements of a relational cluster policy.

scholarly journals PRELIMINARY STUDY FOR A CLEANING AND WATER REUSE SYSTEM

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (26) ◽  
pp. 127-133
Author(s):  
Alessandra Pezzini ◽  
Vandré B Brião ◽  
Luis A. B. DE BONI
Keyword(s):  
Water Reuse ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Oil And Grease ◽  
Domestic Water ◽  
Treatment Tank ◽  
Odor Removal ◽  
Domestic Use ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
National Industry

Recent events related to the lack of water in Brazil demonstrated that the reuse of water is an issue that needs to be explored. In the present study, research was conducted to determine a source of domestic water that can be treated and reused with simple equipment, produced by national industry, or available in the domestic market. It was selected the treatment of the bathwater from the shower. The results of the parameters analyzed, pH, conductivity, color, turbidity, COD, phosphorus, total suspended solids, oil and grease, bacteria, total nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen, and total coliforms indicates that the model used needs adjustments, odor removal, and optimization of the effluent residence time in the treatment tank. Corrected these inconsistencies the system could be converted into a product for domestic use in regions where there is a shortage of water.

scholarly journals Kazakhstan experience in adopting NEBA within its legal framework

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dinara Amanzholova ◽  
Peter M. Taylor ◽  
Aliya Sadvokassova ◽  
Gulnara Dospayeva
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spill ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Environmental Benefit ◽  
Response Options ◽  
Contingency Plans ◽  
Implementation Methodology ◽  
National Industry ◽  
International Experts ◽  
Simulation Exercises

ABSTRACT Kazakhstan's legal framework concerning oil spill issues has been reviewed and updated during 2015–2019, driven by the adoption of good international practice. Ensuring the full response toolkit is available and options are chosen to mitigate the overall impact of an incident were critical principles. The Oil Spill Preparedness Regional Initiative (OSPRI), in conjunction with national industry (North Caspian Operating Company - NCOC and KazMunaiGaz - KMG), shared the net Environmental Benefit Analysis (NEBA) approach and later the Spill Impact Mitigation Assessment (SIMA) with key agencies and authorities as part of this effort. As the first step, workshops and seminars on NEBA were organized at local and national levels. These were facilitated by international experts and national consultants to build awareness and understanding. The second step was to embed NEBA within the legal framework. The legal system has a strong hierarchy including Codes, Laws and Orders. The National Contingency Plan (2015), approved by Order, acknowledged NEBA and gave impetus to develop additional legislation on the NEBA process. To ensure proper legal force, it was suggested to embed NEBA higher up the hierarchy, in the Subsoil Use Code (2017). Practical implementation of NEBA (during simulation exercises) and review by authorities of a draft NEBA report prepared by NCOC, revealed that the process required further clarification. It was not clear how NEBA should be presented in contingency plans, for authorities' review and approval i.e. whether it should be a separate report or incorporated within the plan. It was mooted that proposed amendments to the Environmental Code would aid clarification. In order to support a coherent process of contingency plans' approval, NEBA should be supported by a suitable and recognized implementation methodology. The SIMA methodology has been proposed as an option in Kazakhstan. Work on the Environmental Code's amendments, incorporating suitable clarifications, is expected to be completed in 2020. Based on the experience of NEBA adoption in Kazakhstan, cooperation between industry and authorities, exercises and workshops leads to positive results. The process has taken some years, as capacity building and legislative developments were required, but is reaching a successful conclusion. This will inform the choice of response options for any future incidents, to achieve least overall ecological and socio-economic impacts.

NEW FUNCTIONAL SUBSTANCES AND MATERIALS FOR CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Engineering ◽  
Energy Resource ◽  
National Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Internal Markets ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
New Energy ◽  
Chemical Products ◽  
National Industry ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

The most important results of the scientific studies, carried out by the Institutes of the National Academy of sciences of Ukraine in the frames of the program for scientific research of the NAS of Ukraine "New Functional Substances and Materials for Chemical Engineering" in 2017-2021, are summarized. In the result of fulfillment of the projects of the Program a number of principally new organic, inorganic, polymeric substances and materials as well as composited based thereon of various functional destination were created, new energy-, resource-saving and ecologically-friendly ways for low-tonnage obtaining of substances and materials of chemical engineering were developed. Use of the obtained materials and methods of chemical substances obtaining in different fields of the national industry will improve the competitive capacity of the national products on the external and internal markets, will favor to significant reduction of the dependency of the country on import of deep technology chemical products, setting up of production of a wide range of chemical products, reagents and preparations in Ukraine.

Developments of Environmentally Certified Reference Material From the Brazilian Metrology Institute to Support National Traceability

2019 ◽  
pp. 120-139
Author(s):  
Andreia de Lima Fioravante ◽  
Evelyn de Freitas Guimarães ◽  
Fabiano Barbieri Gonzaga ◽  
Cristiane Rodrigues Augusto ◽  
Claudia Cipriano Ribeiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reference Material ◽  
Reference Materials ◽  
Certified Reference Material ◽  
Great Part ◽  
Gas Mixtures ◽  
Environmental Demand ◽  
National Industry ◽  
Automotive Emission

This chapter aims to present the developments performed by the Brazilian Metrology Institute (NMI) – Inmetro, considering the environmental demand. Inmetro addresses a great part of its activities to the study of the traceability transference based on production and dissemination of certified reference material (CRM) of different areas in chemistry. The chapter presents results from certification of the following reference materials developed: BTEX and PAH in solution, besides automotive emission gas mixtures and bioethanol. So, the achievements made are the growth in developing CRM in order to support the needs of the national industry and to disseminate traceability among the society.

Railways a National Industry

2021 ◽  
pp. 405-452
Author(s):  
Edwin A. Pratt ◽  
C. R. Clinker
Keyword(s):  
National Industry

scholarly journals Determination of carbamazepine in pharmaceutical formulations

2010 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 509-513 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lílian Grace da Silva Solon ◽  
Ana Isabel Maia de Oliveira ◽  
Gerlane Coelho Bernardo Guerra ◽  
Luiz Alberto Lira Soares ◽  
Aurigena Antunes de Araújo
Keyword(s):  
Pharmaceutical Formulations ◽  
United States Pharmacopeia ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Reference Formulation ◽  
Disintegration Time ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
National Industry ◽  
States Pharmacopeia

The aim of this study was to evaluate the quality of five different solid formulations of carbamazepine. The reference formulation was Tegretol® 200.00 mg (Novartis) and the others were: generic formulation of carbamazepine 200.00 mg (National Industry), similar formulation of carbamazepine 200.00 mg (National Industry), and two formulations of carbamazepine 200.00 mg acquired from two different compounding pharmacies. The latter consisted of capsules obtained in Natal, the capital city of the Brazilian State of Rio Grande do Norte. The quality of samples was evaluated through physical and physical-chemical tests, including: weight, diameter, thickness, content, dissolution, disintegration, hardness, friability and moisture. The results of friability analysis showed that all formulations met Brazilian and United States Pharmacopeia (USP) specifications. In spite of having a higher hardness compared to the reference, the generic formulation had a lower disintegration time. This could be associated to the presence of crospovidone in its formulation. Results of this study showed that all formulations had dissolutions which were in accordance with Brazilian Pharmacopoeia specifications, and quality control tests. An exception was found for the similar formulation, which had a hardness parameter that exceeded the USP standard. However, this difference was not significant given the similar formulation's satisfactory disintegration time.

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