Robot Cognitive Mapping – A Role for a Global Metric Map in a Cognitive Mapping Process

2007 ◽  
pp. 265-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret E. Jefferies ◽  
Jesse Baker ◽  
Wengrong Weng
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Mapping ◽  
Mapping Process

scholarly journals Mice identify subgoal locations through an action-driven mapping process

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip Shamash ◽  
Tiago Branco
Keyword(s):  
Closed Loop ◽  
Cognitive Mapping ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Spatial Analyses ◽  
Mental Maps ◽  
Starting Position ◽  
Mapping Process ◽  
Biased Diffusion ◽  
Learning As A Process ◽  
The Relationship

Mammals instinctively explore and form mental maps of their spatial environments. Models of cognitive mapping in neuroscience mostly depict map-learning as a process of random or biased diffusion. In practice, however, animals explore spaces using structured, purposeful, sensory-guided actions. Here we test the hypothesis that executing specific exploratory actions is a key strategy for building a cognitive map. Previous work has shown that in arenas with obstacles and a shelter, mice spontaneously learn efficient multi-step escape routes by memorizing allocentric subgoal locations. We thus used threat-evoked escape to probe the relationship between ethological exploratory behavior and allocentric spatial memory. Using closed-loop neural manipulations to interrupt running movements during exploration, we found that blocking runs targeting an obstacle edge abolished subgoal learning. In contrast, blocking other movements while sparing edge-directed runs had no effect on memorizing subgoals. Finally, spatial analyses suggest that the decision to use a subgoal during escape takes into account the mouse's starting position relative to the layout of the environment. We conclude that mice use an action-driven learning process to identify subgoals and that these subgoals are then integrated into a map-based planning process. We suggest a conceptual framework for spatial learning that is compatible with the successor representation from reinforcement learning and sensorimotor enactivism from cognitive science.

School travel modes and children’s spatial cognition

Urban Studies ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 54 (7) ◽  
pp. 1578-1600 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jo-Ting Fang ◽  
Jen-Jia Lin
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Cognition ◽  
Spatial Representation ◽  
Cognitive Mapping ◽  
Home School ◽  
Transportation Modes ◽  
New Knowledge ◽  
Mapping Process ◽  
Children's Travel ◽  
Linear Regressions ◽  
Northern Taiwan

This study broadens understanding of how children’s travel modes influence the development of their spatial cognition, specifically the development of their spatial representation of home–school routes. Data were collected using a questionnaire survey and a cognitive mapping process at an elementary school in northern Taiwan. The sample, which comprised 521 Grades 1–6 children aged 7–12 years, was analysed through linear regressions. Empirical results indicate that the use of independent, active or non-motorised transportation modes improved the children’s spatial cognition regarding their home–school routes. This study not only provides new knowledge about the relationships between travel modes and the spatial cognition of children, but also identifies policy directions in relation to school transportation and the development of spatial cognition in children.

Bayesian removal of noise for increased sensitivity in vector pattern recognition lattice imaging of interfaces

1993 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 994-995
Author(s):  
L. Fei ◽  
P. Fraundorf
Keyword(s):  
Pattern Recognition ◽  
Perfect Crystal ◽  
Unit Cell ◽  
Ion Milling ◽  
Beam Radiation ◽  
Major Interest ◽  
Unit Cells ◽  
Mapping Process ◽  
Increased Sensitivity ◽  
Electron Microscopes

Interface structure is of major interest in microscopy. With high resolution transmission electron microscopes (TEMs) and scanning probe microscopes, it is possible to reveal structure of interfaces in unit cells, in some cases with atomic resolution. A. Ourmazd et al. proposed quantifying such observations by using vector pattern recognition to map chemical composition changes across the interface in TEM images with unit cell resolution. The sensitivity of the mapping process, however, is limited by the repeatability of unit cell images of perfect crystal, and hence by the amount of delocalized noise, e.g. due to ion milling or beam radiation damage. Bayesian removal of noise, based on statistical inference, can be used to reduce the amount of non-periodic noise in images after acquisition. The basic principle of Bayesian phase-model background subtraction, according to our previous study, is that the optimum (rms error minimizing strategy) Fourier phases of the noise can be obtained provided the amplitudes of the noise is given, while the noise amplitude can often be estimated from the image itself.

Strukturen von Argumentationssequenzen in Gruppen

2002 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabeth Brauner ◽  
Bernhard Orth
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Mapping ◽  
Soziale Repräsentationen

Zusammenfassung: Die sozialpsychologische Gruppenforschung hat in den vergangenen Jahren eine Reihe von Veränderungen erfahren. Hierzu gehören einerseits Verlagerungen inhaltlicher Schwerpunkte der Forschung hin zur Analyse von Informationsverarbeitungsprozessen und andererseits Weiterentwicklungen methodischer Ansätze. Insbesondere Prozessanalysen verbaler Daten werden verstärkt gefordert und auch durchgeführt. Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird gezeigt, dass beiden Trends genüge getan werden kann, indem das Cognitive Mapping ( Axelrod, 1976 ) mit der Monotone Netzwerkanalyse ( Orth, 1998 ) kombiniert wird. Die Stärke beider Methoden liegt hierbei auf der Herausarbeitung von Strukturen von Argumentationen, die in Gruppendiskussionen angebracht werden. Der Ansatz ist außerdem geeignet, soziale Repräsentationen zu untersuchen und abzubilden.

Political psychology

2013 ◽  
Vol 154 (16) ◽  
pp. 619-626
Author(s):  
Mária Resch ◽  
Tamás Bella
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Political Psychology ◽  
Group Dynamics ◽  
Political Institutions ◽  
Cognitive Mapping ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Political Processes ◽  
Behavioural Patterns ◽  
Essential Components ◽  
History Of

In Hungary one can mostly find references to the psychological processes of politics in the writings of publicists, public opinion pollsters, philosophers, social psychologists, and political analysts. It would be still important if not only legal scientists focusing on political institutions or sociologist-politologists concentrating on social structures could analyse the psychological aspects of political processes; but one could also do so through the application of the methods of political psychology. The authors review the history of political psychology, its position vis-à-vis other fields of science and the essential interfaces through which this field of science, which is still to be discovered in Hungary, connects to other social sciences. As far as its methodology comprising psycho-biographical analyses, questionnaire-based queries, cognitive mapping of interviews and statements are concerned, it is identical with the psychiatric tools of medical sciences. In the next part of this paper, the focus is shifted to the essence and contents of political psychology. Group dynamics properties, voters’ attitudes, leaders’ personalities and the behavioural patterns demonstrated by them in different political situations, authoritativeness, games, and charisma are all essential components of political psychology, which mostly analyses psychological-psychiatric processes and also involves medical sciences by relying on cognitive and behavioural sciences. This paper describes political psychology, which is basically part of social sciences, still, being an interdisciplinary science, has several ties to medical sciences through psychological and psychiatric aspects. Orv. Hetil., 2013, 154, 619–626.

A testing paradigm for quantifying ICC profilers

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-85
Author(s):  
Pooshpanjan Roy Biswas ◽  
Alessandro Beltrami ◽  
Joan Saez Gomez
Keyword(s):  
Digital Camera ◽  
Visual Assessment ◽  
Just Noticeable Difference ◽  
Color Management ◽  
Color Gamut ◽  
Gamut Mapping ◽  
Digital File ◽  
Mapping Process ◽  
Testing Paradigm

To reproduce colors in one system which differs from another system in terms of the color gamut, it is necessary to use a color gamut mapping process. This color gamut mapping is a method to translate a specific color from a medium (screen, digital camera, scanner, digital file, etc) into another system having a difference in gamut volume. There are different rendering intent options defined by the International Color Consortium [5] to use the different reproduction goals of the user [19]. Any rendering intent used to reproduce colors, includes profile engine decisions to do it, i.e. looking for color accuracy, vivid colors or pleasing reproduction of images. Using the same decisions on different profile engines, the final visual output can look different (more than one Just Noticeable Difference[16]) depending on the profile engine used and the color algorithms that they implement. Profile performance substantially depends on the profiler engine used to create them. Different profilers provide the user with varying levels of liberty to design a profile for their color management needs and preference. The motivation of this study is to rank the performance of various market leading profiler engines on the basis of different metrics designed specifically to report the performance of particular aspects of these profiles. The study helped us take valuable decisions regarding profile performance without any visual assessment to decide on the best profiler engine.

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