Validation of an In Vivo Model for Monitoring Trabecular Bone Quality Changes Using Micro CT, Archimedes-based Volume Fraction Measurement and Serial Milling

Several approaches (anterior, posterior, lateral, and transforaminal) are used in lumbar fusion surgery. However, it is unclear whether one of these approaches has the greatest subsidence risk as published clinical rates of cage subsidence vary widely (7–70%). Specifically, there is limited data on how a patient's endplate morphometry and trabecular bone quality influences cage subsidence risk. Therefore, this study compared subsidence (stiffness, maximum force, and work) between anterior (ALIF), lateral (LLIF), posterior (PLIF), and transforaminal (TLIF) lumbar interbody fusion cage designs to understand the impact of endplate and trabecular bone quality on subsidence. Forty-eight lumbar vertebrae were imaged with micro-ct to assess trabecular microarchitecture. micro-ct images of each vertebra were then imported into image processing software to measure endplate thickness (ET) and maximum endplate concavity depth (ECD). Generic ALIF, LLIF, PLIF, and TLIF cages made of polyether ether ketone were implanted on the superior endplates of all vertebrae and subsidence testing was performed. The results indicated that TLIF cages had significantly lower (p < 0.01) subsidence stiffness and maximum subsidence force compared to ALIF and LLIF cages. For all cage groups, trabecular bone volume fraction was better correlated with maximum subsidence force compared to ET and concavity depth. These findings highlight the importance of cage design (e.g., surface area), placement on the endplate, and trabecular bone quality on subsidence. These results may help surgeons during cage selection for lumbar fusion procedures to mitigate adverse events such as cage subsidence.

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Non-Invasive Analysis of the Micro-Structural and Biomechanical Properties of Trabecular Bone in Human Femoral Head

Key Engineering Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.321-323.1070 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 321-323 ◽

pp. 1070-1073

Author(s):

Ye Yeon Won ◽

Myong Hyun Baek ◽

Wen Quan Cui ◽

Kwang Kyun Kim

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Mechanical Property ◽

Femoral Head ◽

Trabecular Bone ◽

Volume Fraction ◽

Reaction Force ◽

Bone Volume ◽

Fe Model ◽

Micro Ct ◽

Trabecular Thickness

This study investigates micro-structural and mechanical properties of trabecular bone in human femoral head with and without osteoporosis using a micro-CT and a finite element model. 15 cored trabecular bone specimens with 20 of diameter were obtained from femoral heads with osteoporosis resected for total hip arthroplasty, and 5 specimens were removed from femoral head of cadavers, which has no history of musculoskeletal diseases. A high-resolution micro-CT system was used to scan each specimen to obtain histomorphometry indexes. Based on the micro-images, a FE-model was created to determine mechanical property indexes. While the non-osteoporosis group had increases the trabecular thickness, the bone volume, the bone volume fraction, the degree of anisotropy and the trabecular number compared with those of osteoporotic group, the non-osteoporotic group showed decreases in trabecular separation and structure model index. Regarding the mechanical property indexes, the reaction force and the Young's modulus were lower in the osteoporotic group than in non-osteoporotic group. Our data shows salient deteriorations in trabecular micro-structural and mechanical properties in human femoral head with osteoporosis.

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A novel approach to improve the accuracy of the box dimension calculations: Applications to trabecular bone quality

Discrete & Continuous Dynamical Systems - S ◽

10.3934/dcdss.2019105 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (4-5) ◽

pp. 1527-1534 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

M. Fernández-Martínez ◽

◽

Yolanda Guerrero-Sánchez ◽

Pía López-Jornet ◽

Keyword(s):

Trabecular Bone ◽

Bone Quality ◽

Box Dimension ◽

Novel Approach ◽

Trabecular Bone Quality

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Effects of vertebroplasty on endplate subsidence in elderly female spines

Journal of Neurosurgery Spine ◽

10.3171/2014.10.spine14195 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 22 (3) ◽

pp. 273-282 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Srinidhi Nagaraja ◽

Hassan K. Awada ◽

Maureen L. Dreher ◽

John T. Bouck ◽

Shikha Gupta

Keyword(s):

Bone Cement ◽

Trabecular Bone ◽

Volume Fraction ◽

Micro Ct ◽

Control Groups ◽

Bone Volume Fraction ◽

Elderly Female ◽

Maximum Subsidence ◽

And Control ◽

Adjacent Vertebra

OBJECT The aim in this study was to quantify the effects of vertebroplasty on endplate subsidence in treated and adjacent vertebrae and their relationship to endplate thickness and underlying trabecular bone in elderly female spines. METHODS Vertebral compression fractures were created in female cadaveric (age range 51–88 years) thoracolumbar spine segments. Specimens were placed into either the control or vertebroplasty group (n = 9/group) such that bone mineral density, trabecular microarchitecture, and age were statistically similar between groups. For the vertebroplasty group, polymethylmethacrylate bone cement was injected into the fractured vertebral body under fluoroscopy. Cyclic compression (685–1370 N sinusoid) was performed on all spine segments for 115,000 cycles. Micro-CT scans were obtained before and after cyclic loading to quantify endplate subsidence. Maximum subsidence was compared between groups in the caudal endplate of the superior adjacent vertebra (SVcau); cranial (TVcra) and caudal (TVcau) endplates of the treated vertebra; and the cranial endplate of the inferior adjacent vertebra (IVcra). In addition, micro-CT images were used to quantify average endplate thickness and trabecular bone volume fraction. These parameters were then correlated with maximum endplate subsidence for each endplate. RESULTS The maximum subsidence in SVcau endplate for the vertebroplasty group (0.34 ± 0.58 mm) was significantly (p < 0.05) greater than for the control group (−0.13 ± 0.27 mm). Maximum subsidence in the TVcra, TVcau, and IVcra endplates were greater in the vertebroplasty group, but these differences were not significant (p > 0.16). Increased subsidence in the vertebroplasty group manifested locally in the anterior region of the SVcau endplate and in the posterior region of the TVcra and TVcau endplates (p < 0.10). Increased subsidence was observed in thinner endplates with lower trabecular bone volume fraction for both vertebroplasty and control groups (R2 correlation up to 62%). In the SVcau endplate specifically, these 2 covariates aided in understanding subsidence differences between vertebroplasty and control groups. CONCLUSIONS Bone cement injected during vertebroplasty alters local biomechanics in elderly female spines, resulting in increased endplate disruption in treated and superior adjacent vertebrae. More specifically, bone cement increases subsidence in the posterior regions of the treated endplates and the anterior region of the superior caudal endplate. This increased subsidence may be the initial mechanism leading to subsequent compression fractures after vertebroplasty, particularly in vertebrae superior to the treated level.

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Dental Cone Beam Computed Tomography for Trabecular Bone Quality Analysis in Maxilla and Mandible

Research Anthology on Emerging Technologies and Ethical Implications in Human Enhancement ◽

10.4018/978-1-7998-8050-9.ch029 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 542-564

Author(s):

T. Christy Bobby ◽

Shwetha V. ◽

Vijaya Madhavi

Keyword(s):

Trabecular Bone ◽

Bone Strength ◽

Bone Quality ◽

Bone Microarchitecture ◽

Quality Analysis ◽

Trabecular Bone Microarchitecture ◽

The Stability ◽

Maxilla And Mandible ◽

Trabecular Bone Quality ◽

Implant Treatment

The stability of a dental implant is one of the most important aspects that decide the success rate of implant treatment. The stability is considerably affected by the strength of trabecular bone present in maxilla and mandible. Thus, finding of trabecular bone strength is a key component for the success of dental implants. The trabecular bone strength is usually assessed by quantity of bone in terms of bone mineral density (BMD). Recently, it has been revealed that along with quantity of bone, strength of the bone also depends on quality features commonly referred as trabecular bone microarchitecture. Since the quality of the trabecular bone is varying across the maxilla and mandible, preoperative assessment of trabecular bone microarchitecture at sub-region of maxilla and mandible are essential for stable implant treatment. Thus, in this chapter, the authors inscribe the quantitative analysis of trabecular bone quality in maxilla and mandible using CBCT images by employing contourlet transform.

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High-Resolution Three-Dimensional-pQCT Images Can Be an Adequate Basis for In-Vivo μFE Analysis of Bone

Journal of Biomechanical Engineering ◽

10.1115/1.1352734 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 123 (2) ◽

pp. 176-183 ◽

Cited By ~ 74

Author(s):

W. Pistoia ◽

B. van Rietbergen ◽

A. Laib ◽

P. Ru¨egsegger

Keyword(s):

High Resolution ◽

Trabecular Bone ◽

Elastic Properties ◽

Bone Structure ◽

Reference Model ◽

Von Mises Stress ◽

Micro Ct ◽

Von Mises

Micro-finite element (μFE) models based on high-resolution images have enabled the calculation of elastic properties of trabecular bone in vitro. Recently, techniques have been developed to image trabecular bone structure in vivo, albeit at a lesser resolution. The present work studies the usefulness of such in-vivo images for μFE analyses, by comparing their μFE results to those of models based on high-resolution micro-CT (μCT) images. Fifteen specimens obtained from human femoral heads were imaged first with a 3D-pQCT scanner at 165 μm resolution and a second time with a μCT scanner at 56 μm resolution. A third set of images with a resolution of 165 μm was created by downscaling the μCT measurements. The μFE models were created directly from these images. Orthotropic elastic properties and the average tissue von Mises stress of the specimens were calculated from six FE-analyses per specimen. The results of the 165 μm models were compared to those of the 56 μm model, which was taken as the reference model. The results calculated from the pQCT-based models, correlated excellent with those calculated from the reference model for both moduli R2>0.95 and for the average tissue von Mises stress R2>0.83. Results calculated from the downscaled micro-CT models correlated even better with those of the reference models (R2>0.99 for the moduli and R2>0.96 for the average von Mises stress). In the case of the 3D-pQCT based models, however, the slopes of the regression lines were less than one and had to be corrected. The prediction of the Poisson’s ratios was less accurate (R2>0.45 and R2>0.67) for the models based on 3D-pQCT and downscaled μCT images respectively). The fact that the results from the downscaled and original μCT images were nearly identical indicates that the need for a correction in the case of the 3D-pQCT measurements was not due to the voxel size of the images but due to a higher noise level and a lower contrast in these images, in combination with the application of a filtering procedure at 165 micron images. In summary: the results of μFE models based on in-vivo images of the 3D-pQCT can closely resemble those obtained from μFE models based on higher resolution μCT system.

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Characterization of Rotating Gantry Micro-CT Configuration for theIn VivoEvaluation of Murine Trabecular Bone

Microscopy and Microanalysis ◽

10.1017/s1431927613001396 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 19 (4) ◽

pp. 907-913 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Luke Arentsen ◽

Susanta Hui

Keyword(s):

Trabecular Bone ◽

Signal To Noise Ratio ◽

Hounsfield Unit ◽

Rate Of Change ◽

Physical Parameters ◽

Micro Ct ◽

Detector Geometry ◽

Ct System ◽

Filter Thickness

AbstractThe objective of this study is to determine the optimal physical parameters of a rotating gantry micro-CT system to assessin vivochanges to the trabecular bone of mice. Magnification, binning, peak kilovoltage, beam filtration, and tissue thickness are examined on a commercially available micro-CT system. The X-ray source and detector geometry provides 1.3×, 1.8×, or 3.3× magnification. Binning is examined from no binning to 2 to 4. Energy is varied from 40 to 80 kVp in 10 kVp increments and filter thickness is increased from no filtration to 1.5 mmAl in 0.5 mmAl increments. Mice are imaged at different magnifications and binning combinations to evaluate changes to image quality and microstructure estimation. Increasing magnification from 1.3× to 3.3× and lowering binning from 4 to 1 varies the spatial resolution from 2.5 to 11.8 lp/mm. Increasing the beam energy or filtration thickness decreases Hounsfield unit (HU) estimation, with a maximum rate of change being −286 HU/kVp for 80 kVp. Images for murine trabecular bone are blurred at effective pixel sizes above 60 μm. By comparing resolution, signal-to-noise ratio, and radiation dose, we find that a 3.3× magnification, binning of 2.80 kVp beam with a 0.5 mmAl filter comprises the optimal parameters to evaluate murine trabecular bone for this rotating gantry micro-CT.

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