The Aedes aegypti is responsible for the transmission of arboviruses, which compromise public health.
In the search for synthetic product alternatives, essential oils (OEs) have been highlighted by many researchers as
natural insecticides. This systematic review (SR) was performed according to PRISMA guidelines (Preferred
Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) and its objective was to evaluate studies addressing
OEs with larvicidal properties against Ae. aegypti, through electronic database searches (Pubmed, Science Direct
and Scielo), covering an overview of the plant sources OEs, which plant parts were used, the extraction methods,
analytical techniques, major and/or secondary constituents with greater percentages, as well as the LC50s responsible
for larval mortality. Following study analysis, plants distributed across 32 families, 90 genera and 175 species
were identified. The Lamiaceae, Myrtaceae, Piperaceae, Asteraceae, Rutaceae, Euphorbiaceae and Lauraceae
families obtained the highest number of species with toxic properties against larvae from this vector. Practically
all plant parts were found to be used for OE extraction. Hydrodistillation and steam distillation were the main
extraction methods identified, with GC-MS/GC-FID representing the main analytical techniques used to reveal
their chemical composition, especially of terpene compounds. In this context, OEs are promising alternatives for
the investigation of natural, ecologically correct and biodegradable insecticides with the potential to be used in
Ae. aegypti control programs.