The Combined use of Antibiotics and Specific Antibodies against Mouse Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infection In Vivo and the Phagocytosis of Peritoneal Exudate Cells In Vitro

1982 ◽  
pp. 161-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Haranaka ◽  
N. Satomi ◽  
A. Sakurai ◽  
O. Kunii
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Peritoneal Exudate ◽  
Specific Antibodies ◽  
Peritoneal Exudate Cells ◽  
Combined Use ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Infection

scholarly journals Immunogenic variants obtained by mutagenesis of mouse mastocytoma P815. II. T lymphocyte-mediated cytolysis.

1980 ◽  
Vol 152 (5) ◽  
pp. 1184-1193 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Boon ◽  
J Van Snick ◽  
A Van Pel ◽  
C Uyttenhove ◽  
M Marchand
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Cell ◽  
T Lymphocyte ◽  
Peritoneal Exudate ◽  
Antigenic Specificity ◽  
Spleen Cells ◽  
Peritoneal Exudate Cells ◽  
Specific Antigens

Tumor cell variants that were rejected by syngeneic mice (tum-) were obtained from mastocytoma P815 by mutagenesis (as described in the accompanying report (13). A considerable T lymphocyte-mediated lysis was observed upon incubation of these tum- variants with peritoneal exudate cells collected a few days after an intraperitoneal challenge of immune animals. Spleen cells from these animals were cytolytic after stimulation in vitro with the immunizing variant. New antigens, absent from the original P815 tum+ cells, were detected on 15 of the 21 tum- variants that were tested. All these antigens appeared to be different. No new antigen was detected on any of 10 mutagenized P815 clones that had retained their ability to form tumors. We compared the evidence obtained in vivo and in vitro for the presence of specific antigens on five tum- variants. Three variants were shown both in vivo and in vitro to carry an individual antigen. One showed no specificity either in vivo or in vitro. However, for one variant, no specificity was observed in vivo, although cytolysis tests demonstrated the existence of a singular antigenic specificity.

scholarly journals STUDIES ON ANTIBODY FORMATION BY PERITONEAL EXUDATE CELLS IN VITRO

1960 ◽  
Vol 111 (4) ◽  
pp. 573-600 ◽  
Author(s):  
John M. McKenna ◽  
Kingsley M. Stevens
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Peritoneal Exudate ◽  
Rabbit Serum ◽  
Normal Rabbit Serum ◽  
Peritoneal Exudate Cells ◽  
Carbon Particles ◽  
Secondary Systems

Cells from peritoneal exudates of rabbits sacrificed 3 days after an intraperitoneal injection of sterile mineral oil were grown in tissue cultures in medium 199 (75 per cent); normal rabbit serum (25 per cent). Antibody produced by the cells was assayed by an hemagglutination technique in which the antigens used were adsorbed to formalinized tanned sheep erythrocytes. These sensitized cells agglutinate in the presence of antibody specific to the adsorbed antigen. It has been demonstrated that: Peritoneal exudate cells produced hemagglutinating antibody to bovine gamma globulin (BGG) in a replicating tissue culture system for approximately 3 weeks when taken from animals given either primary or secondary injections of BGG. The mean hemagglutinating titer was 30 for the primary and 32 for the secondary systems. Since the other cell types did not persist, it is felt that monocytes were responsible for these results. Monocytes taken from normal rabbits and exposed to either BGG or egg albumen (EA) in vitro produced titers of 28 for about 2 weeks. Monocytes taken from rabbits given hyperimmunizing injections of BGG produced titers of 147 for about 1 week. Endotoxin from Salmonella typhosa caused the monocytes to form antibody as if they had been taken from hyperimmunized rabbits. This was true both when the antigen was given in vivo together with the endotoxin as well as when the cells were exposed to antigen in vitro. The titers were 223 and 97, respectively. Neither freshly harvested nor cultured monocytes were phagocytic for carbon particles or bacteria in vitro. Monocytes in tissue culture appeared to assume the morphology of fibroblasts, but did not stain with the characteristics of fibroblasts. The morphologic changes and staining characteristics of monocytes in tissue culture have been described. The implications of these findings have been discussed and an attempt made to integrate them into general biological theory.

scholarly journals Studies on Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infection in Hatcheries and Chicken

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 1953
Author(s):  
R. D. ERAKY ◽  
W. A. ABD EL-GHANY ◽  
K. M. SOLIMAN
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Abdominal Cavity ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Pathogenicity Test ◽  
Internal Organs ◽  
Highly Pathogenic ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Infection ◽  
Polymerase Chain

The aim of this work was to spot light on the presence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) strains in hatcheries and dead in shell embryos. A total of 406 samples representing 200 and 206 swabs from hatcheries environment and yolk sacs of dead in shell embryos were collected from Damietta governorate, Egypt. P. aeruginosa was isolated and identified. Some virulent genes (toxA, psIA and fliC) of P. aeruginosa were detected using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The antimicrobial susceptibility of P. aeruginosa was tested in vitro. Day and 11 days old broiler chicks were challenged with P. aeruginosa to determine the pathogenicity of the isolated strains. The results showed that P. aeruginosa was recovered from 16 (8%) out of 200 hatcheries and from 17 (8.25%) out of 206 chicken embryos samples. Isolated strains of P. aeruginosa showed presence of toxA, psIA and fliC virulent genes. P. aeruginosa strains were sensitive (100%) to ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin and gentamycin but resistant (100%) to amoxycillin/clavulanic acid, doxycycline and erythromycin. The pathogenicity test of day and 11 days old chicks revealed that P. aeruginosa was highly pathogenic induced mortality rates of 72 and 40%, respectively. Septicaemia of internal organs, unabsorbed yolk sacs, pneumonia, greenish exudates in the abdominal cavity, liver necrosis and enteritis were the predominant lesions. Histopathological changes supported the previous lesions. In conclusion, P. aeruginosa is of great importance pathogen of embryos and newly hatched chicks based on presence of virulent genes as well as in vivo pathogenicity study; respectively.

scholarly journals IMMUNOCHEMICAL STUDIES ON THE SPECIFICITY OF CELLULAR HYPERSENSITIVITY

1968 ◽  
Vol 128 (6) ◽  
pp. 1451-1459 ◽  
Author(s):  
John R. David ◽  
Stuart F. Schlossman
Keyword(s):  
Cell Migration ◽  
Lymphoid Cell ◽  
Specific Binding ◽  
Peritoneal Exudate ◽  
Cellular Receptor ◽  
Anamnestic Response ◽  
Peritoneal Exudate Cells ◽  
Exquisite Specificity

The immunochemical specificity of antigen-induced inhibition of peritoneal exudate cell migration was studied in animals sensitized to chemically defined α,DNP(Lys)18 peptides. It was shown that sensitized peritoneal exudate cells could discriminate between various DNP-oligolysines. Only immunogenic members of the homologous series of α,DNP-L-lysines equal to or larger in size than the heptamer inhibited the migration of specifically sensitized peritoneal exudate cells. In contrast, nonimmunogenic α,DNP-L-lysines, a D-lysine containing stereoisomer of α,DNP L(Lys)9 (α,DNP-L4DL4) and (Lys)9ϵ, DNP were not inhibitory to the migration of peritoneal exudate cells derived from animals immunized to α,DNP(Lys)18. The exquisite specificity of the in vitro reaction of sensitized cells with antigen contrasts with the previously observed in vivo or in vitro specificity of anti-α,-DNP(Lys)n antibody, but parallels the specificity of the in vivo delayed or anamnestic response. These results suggest the presence of a still undefined but highly specific binding site, which functions as the cellular receptor for antigen on the sensitized lymphoid cell or on some "processing" cell.

scholarly journals A Novel Infection Protocol in Zebrafish Embryo to Assess Pseudomonas aeruginosa Virulence and Validate Efficacy of a Quorum Sensing Inhibitor In Vivo

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 401
Author(s):  
Pauline Nogaret ◽  
Fatima El El Garah ◽  
Anne-Béatrice Blanc-Potard
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Animal Model ◽  
Quorum Sensing ◽  
Drug Testing ◽  
Drug Efficacy ◽  
Embryo Viability ◽  
Immersion Method ◽  
Opportunistic Human Pathogen

The opportunistic human pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa is responsible for a variety of acute infections and is a major cause of mortality in chronically infected cystic fibrosis patients. Due to increased resistance to antibiotics, new therapeutic strategies against P. aeruginosa are urgently needed. In this context, we aimed to develop a simple vertebrate animal model to rapidly assess in vivo drug efficacy against P. aeruginosa. Zebrafish are increasingly considered for modeling human infections caused by bacterial pathogens, which are commonly microinjected in embryos. In the present study, we established a novel protocol for zebrafish infection by P. aeruginosa based on bath immersion in 96-well plates of tail-injured embryos. The immersion method, followed by a 48-hour survey of embryo viability, was first validated to assess the virulence of P. aeruginosa wild-type PAO1 and a known attenuated mutant. We then validated its relevance for antipseudomonal drug testing by first using a clinically used antibiotic, ciprofloxacin. Secondly, we used a novel quorum sensing (QS) inhibitory molecule, N-(2-pyrimidyl)butanamide (C11), the activity of which had been validated in vitro but not previously tested in any animal model. A significant protective effect of C11 was observed on infected embryos, supporting the ability of C11 to attenuate in vivo P. aeruginosa pathogenicity. In conclusion, we present here a new and reliable method to compare the virulence of P. aeruginosa strains in vivo and to rapidly assess the efficacy of clinically relevant drugs against P. aeruginosa, including new antivirulence compounds.

Antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities of meropenem loaded-mesoporous silica nanoparticles against carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa

2021 ◽  
pp. 088532822110038
Author(s):  
Mohammad Yousef Memar ◽  
Mina Yekani ◽  
Hadi Ghanbari ◽  
Edris Nabizadeh ◽  
Sepideh Zununi Vahed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Mesoporous Silica ◽  
Silica Nanoparticles ◽  
Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant ◽  
Toxicity In Vitro ◽  
Different Levels

The aims of the present study were the determination of antimicrobial and antibiofilm effects of meropenem-loaded mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) on carbapenem resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa ( P. aeruginosa) and cytotoxicity properties in vitro. The meropenem-loaded MSNs had shown antibacterial and biofilm inhibitory activities on all isolates at different levels lower than MICs and BICs of meropenem. The viability of HC-04 cells treated with serial concentrations as MICs and BICs of meropenem-loaded MSNs was 92–100%. According to the obtained results, meropenem-loaded MSNs display the significant antibacterial and antibiofilm effects against carbapenem resistant and biofilm forming P. aeruginosa and low cell toxicity in vitro. Then, the prepared system can be an appropriate option for the delivery of carbapenem for further evaluation in vivo assays.

scholarly journals Exogenous Alginate Protects Staphylococcus aureus from Killing by Pseudomonas aeruginosa

2019 ◽  
Vol 202 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Courtney E. Price ◽  
Dustin G. Brown ◽  
Dominique H. Limoli ◽  
Vanessa V. Phelan ◽  
George A. O’Toole
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Physical Space ◽  
Late Time ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Alginate Production ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACT Cystic fibrosis (CF) patients chronically infected with both Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus have worse health outcomes than patients who are monoinfected with either P. aeruginosa or S. aureus. We showed previously that mucoid strains of P. aeruginosa can coexist with S. aureus in vitro due to the transcriptional downregulation of several toxic exoproducts typically produced by P. aeruginosa, including siderophores, rhamnolipids, and HQNO (2-heptyl-4-hydroxyquinoline N-oxide). Here, we demonstrate that exogenous alginate protects S. aureus from P. aeruginosa in both planktonic and biofilm coculture models under a variety of nutritional conditions. S. aureus protection in the presence of exogenous alginate is due to the transcriptional downregulation of pvdA, a gene required for the production of the iron-scavenging siderophore pyoverdine as well as the downregulation of the PQS (Pseudomonas quinolone signal) (2-heptyl-3,4-dihydroxyquinoline) quorum sensing system. The impact of exogenous alginate is independent of endogenous alginate production. We further demonstrate that coculture of mucoid P. aeruginosa with nonmucoid P. aeruginosa strains can mitigate the killing of S. aureus by the nonmucoid strain of P. aeruginosa, indicating that the mechanism that we describe here may function in vivo in the context of mixed infections. Finally, we investigated a panel of mucoid clinical isolates that retain the ability to kill S. aureus at late time points and show that each strain has a unique expression profile, indicating that mucoid isolates can overcome the S. aureus-protective effects of mucoidy in a strain-specific manner. IMPORTANCE CF patients are chronically infected by polymicrobial communities. The two dominant bacterial pathogens that infect the lungs of CF patients are P. aeruginosa and S. aureus, with ∼30% of patients coinfected by both species. Such coinfected individuals have worse outcomes than monoinfected patients, and both species persist within the same physical space. A variety of host and environmental factors have been demonstrated to promote P. aeruginosa-S. aureus coexistence, despite evidence that P. aeruginosa kills S. aureus when these organisms are cocultured in vitro. Thus, a better understanding of P. aeruginosa-S. aureus interactions, particularly mechanisms by which these microorganisms are able to coexist in proximal physical space, will lead to better-informed treatments for chronic polymicrobial infections.

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