Generalized Bone Diseases

1987 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Diseases

Description of a Simple Model for the Study of Bone Calcium Metabolism

1980 ◽  
Vol 19 (01) ◽  
pp. 11-15
Author(s):  
G. Roncari ◽  
L. Rapisardi ◽  
L. Conte ◽  
G. Pedroli
Keyword(s):  
Simple Model ◽  
Calcium Metabolism ◽  
Good Description ◽  
Radioactive Tracer ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Bone Diseases ◽  
Compartment System ◽  
Bone Calcium ◽  
Finite Period ◽  
Kinetics Of

A simple model for the study of bone calcium metabolism is proposed. It describes the kinetics of a radioactive tracer in terms of an open single compartment system with an expanding volume for a finite period of time. In addition to the simplicity of the hypotheses introduced, the model is able to give a good description of the biological processes which regulate calcium kinetics. Moreover the functional parameters can be easily calculated, even just graphically. 15 normal subjects and 22 patients affected by various bone diseases were studied. The results were compared with those obtained by using the model proposed by Burkinshaw et al. and the method described by Reeve et al.

Is oral health correlated with skeletal phenotype in primary metabolic bone diseases? A preliminary report of the Greek experience

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Artemis Doulgeraki ◽  
Margarita Gatzogianni ◽  
Andreas Agouropoulos ◽  
Helen Athanasopoulou ◽  
Georgios Polyzois ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Preliminary Report ◽  
Bone Diseases ◽  
Metabolic Bone Diseases ◽  
Metabolic Bone ◽  
Skeletal Phenotype

Collagen-the Ultrastructural Element of the Bone Matrix

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (7) ◽  
pp. 1706-1709
Author(s):  
Nicoleta Dumitru ◽  
Andra Cocolos ◽  
Andra Caragheorgheopol ◽  
Constantin Dumitrache ◽  
Ovidiu Gabriel Bratu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type I Collagen ◽  
Bone Microarchitecture ◽  
Complex Structure ◽  
Bone Matrix ◽  
Organic Matrix ◽  
Bone Diseases ◽  
Bone Collagen ◽  
Type I ◽  
New Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
And Function

There is an increased interest and more studies highlight the fact that bone strength depends not only on bone tissue quantity, but also on its quality, which is characterized by the geometry and shape of bones, trabecular bone microarchitecture, mineral content, organic matrix and bone turnover. Fibrillar type I collagen is the major organic component of bone matrix, providing form and a stable template for mineralization. The biomedical importance of collagen as a biomaterial for medical and cosmetic purposes and the improvement of the molecular, cellular biology and analytical technologies, led to increasing interest in establishing the structure of this protein and in setting of the relationships between sequence, structure, and function. Bone collagen crosslinking chemistry and its molecular packing structure are considered to be distinct features. This unique post-translational modifications provide to the fibrillar collagen matrices properties such as tensile strength and viscoelasticity. Understanding the complex structure of bone type I collagen as well as the dynamic nature of bone tissues will help to manage new therapeutic approaches to bone diseases.

Leptin in Joint and Bone Diseases: New Insights

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (27) ◽  
pp. 3416-3425 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Scotece ◽  
J. Conde ◽  
V. Lopez ◽  
F. Lago ◽  
J. Pino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Diseases

Lactoferrin in Bone Tissue Regeneration

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 838-853 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madalina Icriverzi ◽  
Valentina Dinca ◽  
Magdalena Moisei ◽  
Robert W. Evans ◽  
Mihaela Trif ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Bone Cells ◽  
Bone Diseases ◽  
Biologically Active Compounds ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Bone Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Bone Homeostasis ◽  
Active Compounds

: Among the multiple properties exhibited by lactoferrin (Lf), its involvement in bone regeneration processes is of great interest at the present time. A series of in vitro and in vivo studies have revealed the ability of Lf to promote survival, proliferation and differentiation of osteoblast cells and to inhibit bone resorption mediated by osteoclasts. Although the mechanism underlying the action of Lf in bone cells is still not fully elucidated, it has been shown that its mode of action leading to the survival of osteoblasts is complemented by its mitogenic effect. Activation of several signalling pathways and gene expression, in an LRPdependent or independent manner, has been identified. Unlike the effects on osteoblasts, the action on osteoclasts is different, with Lf leading to a total arrest of osteoclastogenesis. : Due to the positive effect of Lf on osteoblasts, the potential use of Lf alone or in combination with different biologically active compounds in bone tissue regeneration and the treatment of bone diseases is of great interest. Since the bioavailability of Lf in vivo is poor, a nanotechnology- based strategy to improve the biological properties of Lf was developed. The investigated formulations include incorporation of Lf into collagen membranes, gelatin hydrogel, liposomes, loading onto nanofibers, porous microspheres, or coating onto silica/titan based implants. Lf has also been coupled with other biologically active compounds such as biomimetic hydroxyapatite, in order to improve the efficacy of biomaterials used in the regulation of bone homeostasis. : This review aims to provide an up-to-date review of research on the involvement of Lf in bone growth and healing and on its use as a potential therapeutic factor in bone tissue regeneration.

MiR-144-3p Inhibits BMSC Proliferation and Osteogenic Differentiation Via Targeting FZD4 in Steroid-Associated Osteonecrosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (45) ◽  
pp. 4806-4812 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhibo Sun ◽  
Fei Wu ◽  
Yue Yang ◽  
Feng Liu ◽  
Fengbo Mo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Nuclear Translocation ◽  
Bone Diseases ◽  
Luciferase Reporter ◽  
Reporter Assay ◽  
Alizarin Red ◽  
Over Expression ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Proliferation Ability

Background: MicroRNAs have recently been recognized to be engaged in the development of bone diseases. Objective: This study was performed to elucidate the effects of miR-144-3p on proliferation and osteogenesis of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from the patients with steroid-associated osteonecrosis (ONFH) and its related mechanism. Method: The expression level of miR-144-3p in the MSCs from the proximal femur of the patients was examined by Real-time PCR. The cell proliferation ability was assayed by MTT. The differentiation ability of MSCs was assayed by Alizarin Red S (ARS) staining. The interaction between miR-144-3p and frizzled4 (FZD4) was investigated by Real-time PCR, western blot and luciferase reporter assay. Results: ONFH samples had the obviously high expression of miR-144-3p compared to the control. MiR-144-3p had a negative effect on the proliferation and osteogenesis of MSCs. Via targeting FZD4, miR-144-3p decreased β-catenin nuclear translocation, the transcription of RUNX2 and COL1A1. Over-expression of FZD4 partially reversed miR-144-3p-induced decrease in the proliferation and osteogenesis of MSCs. Conclusion: MiR-144-3p might play an important role in the development of ONFH and might be used as a novel class of therapeutic targets for this disease.

Calcium and Vitamin D Supplementation. Myths and Realities with Regard to Cardiovascular Risk

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 610-617 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanna Muscogiuri ◽  
Luigi Barrea ◽  
Barbara Altieri ◽  
Carolina Di Somma ◽  
Harjit pal Bhattoa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Secondary Hyperparathyroidism ◽  
Calcium Supplementation ◽  
Physiological Role ◽  
Bone Diseases ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Bone Homeostasis ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Muscle Health

Vitamin D and calcium are considered crucial for the treatment of bone diseases. Both vitamin D and calcium contribute to bone homeostasis but also preserve muscle health by reducing the risk of falls and fractures. Low vitamin D concentrations result in secondary hyperparathyroidism and contribute to bone loss, although the development of secondary hyperparathyroidism varies, even in patients with severe vitamin D deficiency. Findings from observational studies have shown controversial results regarding the association between bone mineral density and vitamin D/calcium status, thus sparking a debate regarding optimum concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D and calcium for the best possible skeletal health. Although most of the intervention studies reported a positive effect of supplementation with calcium and vitamin D on bone in patients with osteoporosis, this therapeutic approach has been a matter of debate regarding potential side effects on the cardiovascular (CV) system. Thus, the aim of this review is to consider the current evidence on the physiological role of vitamin D and calcium on bone and muscle health. Moreover, we provide an overview on observational and interventional studies that investigate the effect of vitamin D and calcium supplementation on bone health, also taking into account the possible CV side-effects. We also provide molecular insights on the effect of calcium plus vitamin D on the CV system.

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