bone calcium
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Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (16) ◽  
pp. 4720
Author(s):  
Arlindo César Matias Pereira ◽  
Helison de Oliveira Carvalho ◽  
Danna Emanuelle Santos Gonçalves ◽  
Karyny Roberta Tavares Picanço ◽  
Abrahão Victor Tavares de Lima Teixeira dos dos Santos ◽  
...  

This study aimed to evaluate and compare the effects of co-treatment with purified annatto oil (PAO) or its granules (GRA, Chronic®) with that of testosterone on the orchiectomy-induced osteoporosis in Wistar rats. After surgery, rats were treated from day 7 until day 45 with testosterone only (TES, 7 mg/kg, IM) or TES + PAO or GRA (200 mg/kg, p.o.). The following parameters were evaluated: food/water intake, weight, HDL, LDL, glucose, triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), alkaline phosphatase levels, blood phosphorus and calcium contents, femur weight, structure (through scanning electron microscopy), and calcium content (through atomic absorption spectrophotometry). Our results show that orchiectomy could significantly change the blood lipid profile and decrease bone integrity parameters. Testosterone reposition alone could improve some endpoints, including LDL, TC, bone weight, and bone calcium concentration. However, other parameters were not significantly improved. Co-treatment with PAO or GRA improved the blood lipid profile and bone integrity more significantly and improved some endpoints not affected by testosterone reposition alone (such as TG levels and trabeculae sizes). The results suggest that co-treatment with annatto products improved the blood lipid profile and the anti-osteoporosis effects of testosterone. Overall, GRA had better results than PAO.


2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaojun Liu ◽  
Rainer Mosenthin ◽  
Lihong Zhao ◽  
Jianyun Zhang ◽  
Cheng Ji ◽  
...  

Abstract Background The present study aimed at evaluating the effect of vitamin K (VK) supplementation on bone health of laying hens challenged by Salmonella Enteritidis. Methods A total of 80 32-week-old double negative salmonella-free brown-egg laying hens were randomly assigned to 4 treatments with 20 replicates each (1 bird per replicate) according to a 2 × 2 factorial design with 2 dietary VK supplementation levels [0 mg/kg (VK0) vs 2 mg/kg VK (VK2) and 2 challenge treatments [Salmonella Enteritidis (SE) vs physiological saline solution (PS)]. During the last 3 days of week 43 of age, birds of both VK treatments were either orally challenged with 1.0 mL suspension of 109 cfu/mL S. Enteritidis daily or received the same volume of PS. Results The laying rate, daily egg mass, tibia strength, CT, cOC and cOC/(cOC + ucOC) of VK2 treatment increased (P < 0.05) in contrast to VK0, however, the medullary area and ucOC of VK2 treatment decreased (P < 0.05) in contrast to VK0. Mortality, medullary area, serum Ca content of SE treatments increased (P < 0.05) in contrast to PS treatments. In both SE treatments, the decrease (P < 0.05) in birds’ tibia strength was associated with higher (P < 0.05) Ca levels in serum. There is an interaction (P < 0.05) between SE challenge and VK levels with regard to tibia strength and serum Ca levels. At week 42, serum CT was positively correlated with cOC (R = 0.99, P = 0.009); at week 44, tibia strength was positively correlated with BMD (R = 0.95, P = 0.045), but negatively correlated with medullary area (R = − 0.98, P = 0.018). Conclusions VK (2 mg/kg) supplementation to diets of laying hens can enhance bone strength under challenge situations with Salmonella Enteritidis. Medullary area has proven to be a sensitive biomarker for bone calcium loss caused by SE infection.


2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A409-A410
Author(s):  
Eleanor Lorton ◽  
Alexandra Coluzzi ◽  
Laura Maurer ◽  
Lauren Pitzer ◽  
David Saxon

Abstract Background: The Extension for Community Health Outcomes (ECHO) model aims to improve rural community healthcare by providing specialist-lead telementoring for primary care providers (PCPs) in a didactic and discussion-based format.1 There is a notable shortage of endocrinologists in Colorado, particularly in rural and frontier counties. Best estimate is that 14 of 64 Colorado counties have at least one practicing endocrinologist. Here we describe the development and initial experience with an endocrine-specific ECHO program. Methods: Grant-funding was obtained to develop a longitudinal endocrine ECHO program to support PCPs who care for a large proportion of patients with Medicaid insurance. Program development occurred with input from endocrinologists, primary care physicians, and ECHO Colorado staff. Program participation results in continuous medical education credit. PCP recruitment occurred through listserv emails sent to various Colorado-based medical organizations. Endocrinologists provided weekly hour-long sessions focused on 5 main topic domains: diabetes, obesity/lipids, thyroid disorders, reproductive and adrenal disorders, and bone/calcium disorders. Results: Our endocrine ECHO program started in August 2020 and consisted of 30 weekly sessions (i.e. 9 diabetes, 8 obesity/lipids, 3 thyroid disorders, 5 reproductive and adrenal disorders, 4 bone/calcium disorders, and 1 pseudo-endocrine disorders). A total of 65 clinicians registered for the ECHO series. Sessions were designed by academic endocrinologists and fellows-in-training at the University of Colorado. During block 1 (diabetes block) there were 45 participants of which 12% practice in rural or frontier designated areas, 80% serve patients with Medicaid, and 42% primarily care for an underserved population. Matched pre/post-surveys asking about PCPs’ confidence with each ECHO session were obtained and final results are currently pending completion of the full series in March 2021. Survey data will inform future iterations of this program which is slated to run annually for at least 3 years. Conclusion: Access to endocrinologists is often a scarce resource for rural communities and underserved populations. The ECHO model can serve as a means to provide longitudinal education and support for PCPs across a range of endocrine topics. Here we describe our initial experience with a 30-week endocrine ECHO program in Colorado and highlight future directions of this program.


Author(s):  
Sujata M. Kasabe ◽  
Bajirao B. Ahire

During the last decade it became the subject of much attention by both scientists and the general public that in the biological system like many other inorganic elements calcium is the most important element. The central role of calcium is in mammalian bones and other mineralized tissues were recognised immediately after its discovery as an element by the scientist Davy in 1808. The insight arrived much later that calcium 2+ ions could play a very important role in other tissues as well. Nowadays, Ca2+ ions are widely recognised as central to a complex intracellular messenger system that is mediating a wide range of biological processes such as muscle contraction, secretion, glycolysis and glycogenesis, iron transport, cell division and growth [1–11]. In the case of mammals, the blood plasma in the Ca2+ Ion concentration exceeds the intracellular by factor of about 104 Ca2+ ions are instrumental in joining certain proteins in the blood clotting system with membrane surfaces of circulating cells. The stable isotopes of calcium are 40 Ca, 44 Ca, 42 Ca, 43 Ca, amid all 40 Ca is most abundant [12]. There are two main groups of experimental techniques for the measurement ofCa2+ion namely 1) Measurement of free calcium concentration. 2) Measurement of total calcium concentration. Approximately 1 kilogram of calcium is present in the human body of which more than 99% deposit is in the bone in the form of calcium phosphate [1]. The distribution of calcium 2+ Ion throughout the organism is demanded and should be made available where needed. In human beings, the blood plasma level of total calcium is kept constant (=2.45mM) within the narrow limits. On a cellular level the basal cytoplasmic calcium 2+concentration, at least in eukaryotic cells, is very low that is on the order of 100 nM. Whereas, at the same time the concentration of Ca2+ in certain organelles such as endoplasmic reticulum or mitochondria may be considerably higher [2,13]. Ca+ channels are regulated by chemical signalling, perhaps by hormones acting directly on the channel by small molecules released intracellularly when a hormone is attached to a membrane- bound receptor [lipard]. More than 99% of the calcium in the human body is in the bones and teeth. In bone, calcium provides the structural strength that allows the bone to support the body’s weight and anchor the muscles. Bone calcium also serves as a reservoir that can be tapped to maintain extracellular calcium concentration regardless of intake. Calcium differs from most other nutrients in that the body contains a substantial store, far in excess of short-term needs, but at the same time that store serves a critical structural role. Thus, the effects of calcium deficiency may escape notice for a considerable time, until they manifest as skeletal weakness or fractures. Deficiency of calcium bones becomes interstitial or brittle and osteoporosis gradually develops.


2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 18-23
Author(s):  
B. K. Ogunmodede ◽  
E. G. Ijagbuji

At about 16 mg, zinc per 100 gm of diet feed consumed by laying hens increased until a level of 2.0% dietary calcium. Increasing the dietary calcium to 2.0% also stimulated more egg production. When less than 2.0% dietary calcium was fed more feed was required to produce a dozen egg and the eggs were of small sizes. The egg shell strength and the bone calcium were improved when at least 2.0% dietary calcium was given to the laying hen. These results were correlated with tissue accumulation of zinc thus establishing that for profitable egg production in the tropics 2.0% dietary calcium is required when 16 mg zinc per 100 grains of feed is given 


Author(s):  
Tujun Weng ◽  
Liangliang Zhou ◽  
Lingxian Yi ◽  
Chunli Zhang ◽  
Ying He ◽  
...  

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 32-32
Author(s):  
Joanna Hodges ◽  
Sisi Cao ◽  
Pamela Lachcik ◽  
Munro Peacock ◽  
George McCabe ◽  
...  

Abstract Objectives Preclinical studies suggest that blueberry consumption is associated with improved bone health. This study quantified changes in urinary excretion of the long-lived calcium radioisotope 41Ca to assess the dose-response effect of blueberries on bone loss in postmenopausal women. We hypothesized that blueberry consumption would reduce bone loss in a dose-dependent manner. Methods Healthy women at least 4 years past menopause were dosed with 50 nCi of 41Ca and completed a 5-mo equilibration period for 41Ca deposition in bone followed by a 6-wk control period. Subsequently, participants were assigned to a random sequence of 3 intervention periods, each corresponding to a low (17.5 g/d), medium (35 g/d), or high (70 g/d) dose of freeze-dried blueberry powder equivalent to 0.75, 1.5, or 3 cups of fresh blueberries. The blueberry powder was incorporated into granola bars, spread, and drinks consumed daily for 6 wk, followed by a 6-wk washout period. Urinary 41Ca: Ca ratio was measured by accelerator mass spectrometry in 24-h urine collected weekly during intervention and every 3 wk during washout. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and calcium concentrations were assessed prior to each intervention. Serum bone resorption biomarkers and urinary polyphenols were measured at the end of each control and intervention period. Data were analyzed using a linear mixed model and repeated measures ANOVA. Results Fourteen healthy, non-osteoporotic (mean bone mineral density t-score: −1.33) women completed the study. Net bone calcium retention increased by 6% in the low (P &lt; 0.01) and 4% in the medium (P &lt; 0.05) dose intervention compared with the control and washout periods. The high dose had no significant effect on net bone calcium retention (P = 0.19). Urinary excretion of hippuric acid increased dose-dependently with blueberry consumption. No significant relationships were found between bone resorption biomarkers, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, or calcium and any of the interventions. Conclusions A hormetic response was observed to blueberry intake, whereby daily consumption of foods containing 17.5–35 g, but not 70 g, of freeze-dried blueberry powder increased net bone calcium retention. Moderate consumption of blueberries may be an effective strategy to attenuate bone loss in healthy postmenopausal women. Funding Sources NIH/NCCIH, Project Development Team within the ICTSI NIH/NCRR.


2020 ◽  
Vol 990 ◽  
pp. 81-85
Author(s):  
Sittiporn Punyanitya ◽  
Rungsarit Koonawoot ◽  
Phanlob Chankachang ◽  
Sakdiphon Thiensem ◽  
Anirut Raksujarit ◽  
...  

Our objective is invention of new medical products in Thailand by Thai scientists, for human bone substitute, from cow bone. In the previous research experiments, the cow bone-calcium phosphate glass composites had adequate scientific properties to be used as medical objects including, 95% of principal molecules were inorganic hydroxyapatite, no contaminating dangerous heavy metal over standard limits (cadmium,arsenic,mercury,lead), high vertical compressive strength (more than 400 kg/cm2), and no adverse reactions inside the laboratory animals. In this research, we made cranialfixator buttons from bovine bone-calcium phosphate glass composites, intended for neurosurgical skull closure, tested in 10 patients and follow up for at least 6 months. The results revealed that our inventions have easily performance, really effectiveness,and entirely non-complications.


2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinling Li ◽  
Tao Yin ◽  
Shanbai Xiong ◽  
Qilin Huang ◽  
Juan You ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mattia Pecorilla ◽  
Maria A. Lombardi ◽  
Mauro B. Gallazzi

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