Signalling Mechanisms — from Transcription Factors to Oxidative Stress

1995 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Transcription Factors

scholarly journals NRF2-mediated signaling is a master regulator of transcription factors in bovine granulosa cells under oxidative stress condition

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Omar Taqi ◽  
Mohammed Saeed-Zidane ◽  
Samuel Gebremedhn ◽  
Dessie Salilew-Wondim ◽  
Ernst Tholen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress ◽  
Granulosa Cells ◽  
Mitochondrial Activity ◽  
Small Interference Rna ◽  
Nrf2 Signaling Pathway

AbstractTranscription factors (TFs) are known to be involved in regulating the expression of several classes of genes during folliculogenesis. However, the regulatory role of TFs during oxidative stress (OS) is not fully understood. The current study was aimed to investigate the regulation of the TFs in bovine granulosa cells (bGCs) during exposure to OS induced by H2O2 in vitro. For this, bGCs derived from ovarian follicles were cultured in vitro till their confluency and then treated with H2O2 for 40 min. Twenty-four hours later, cells were subjected to various phenotypic and gene expression analyses for genes related to TFs, endoplasmic reticulum stress, apoptosis, cell proliferation, and differentiation markers. The bGCs exhibited higher reactive oxygen species accumulation, DNA fragmentation, and endoplasmic reticulum stress accompanied by reduction of mitochondrial activity after exposure to OS. In addition, higher lipid accumulation and lower cell proliferation were noticed in H2O2-challenged cells. The mRNA level of TFs including NRF2, E2F1, KLF6, KLF9, FOS, SREBF1, SREBF2, and NOTCH1 was increased in H2O2-treated cells compared with non-treated controls. However, the expression level of KLF4 and its downstream gene, CCNB1, were downregulated in the H2O2-challenged group. Moreover, targeted inhibition of NRF2 using small interference RNA resulted in reduced expression of KLF9, FOS, SREBF2, and NOTCH1 genes, while the expression of KLF4 was upregulated. Taken together, bovine granulosa cells exposed to OS exhibited differential expression of various transcription factors, which are mediated by the NRF2 signaling pathway.

Clade III cytokinin response factors share common roles in response to oxidative stress responses linked to cytokinin synthesis

2021 ◽  
Vol 72 (8) ◽  
pp. 3294-3306
Author(s):  
Ariel M Hughes ◽  
H Tucker Hallmark ◽  
Lenka Plačková ◽  
Ondrej Novák ◽  
Aaron M Rashotte
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Stress Response ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Oxidative Stress Response ◽  
Response Factors ◽  
Ontology Term ◽  
Regulated Expression ◽  
Cytokinin Response ◽  
Oxidative Stress Responses

Abstract Cytokinin response factors (CRFs) are transcription factors that are involved in cytokinin (CK) response, as well as being linked to abiotic stress tolerance. In particular, oxidative stress responses are activated by Clade III CRF members, such as AtCRF6. Here we explored the relationships between Clade III CRFs and oxidative stress. Transcriptomic responses to oxidative stress were determined in two Clade III transcription factors, Arabidopsis AtCRF5 and tomato SlCRF5. AtCRF5 was required for regulated expression of >240 genes that are involved in oxidative stress response. Similarly, SlCRF5 was involved in the regulated expression of nearly 420 oxidative stress response genes. Similarities in gene regulation by these Clade III members in response to oxidative stress were observed between Arabidopsis and tomato, as indicated by Gene Ontology term enrichment. CK levels were also changed in response to oxidative stress in both species. These changes were regulated by Clade III CRFs. Taken together, these findings suggest that Clade III CRFs play a role in oxidative stress response as well as having roles in CK signaling.

scholarly journals Increasing Oxygen Partial Pressures Induce a Distinct Transcriptional Response in Human PBMC: A Pilot Study on the “Normobaric Oxygen Paradox”

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 458
Author(s):  
Deborah Fratantonio ◽  
Fabio Virgili ◽  
Alessandro Zucchi ◽  
Kate Lambrechts ◽  
Tiziana Latronico ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Stress Response ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Human Peripheral Blood ◽  
Oxidative Stress Response ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Nuclear Factor ◽  
Normobaric Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Paradox

The term “normobaric oxygen paradox” (NOP), describes the response to the return to normoxia after a hyperoxic event, sensed by tissues as oxygen shortage, and resulting in up-regulation of the Hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) transcription factor activity. The molecular characteristics of this response have not been yet fully characterized. Herein, we report the activation time trend of oxygen-sensitive transcription factors in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) obtained from healthy subjects after one hour of exposure to mild (MH), high (HH) and very high (VHH) hyperoxia, corresponding to 30%, 100%, 140% O2, respectively. Our observations confirm that MH is perceived as a hypoxic stress, characterized by the activation of HIF-1α and Nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (NRF2), but not Nuclear Factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB). Conversely, HH is associated to a progressive loss of NOP response and to an increase in oxidative stress leading to NRF2 and NF-kB activation, accompanied by the synthesis of glutathione (GSH). After VHH, HIF-1α activation is totally absent and oxidative stress response, accompanied by NF-κB activation, is prevalent. Intracellular GSH and Matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP-9) plasma levels parallel the transcription factors activation pattern and remain elevated throughout the observation time. In conclusion, our study confirms that, in vivo, the return to normoxia after MH is sensed as a hypoxic trigger characterized by HIF-1α activation. On the contrary, HH and VHH induce a shift toward an oxidative stress response, characterized by NRF2 and NF-κB activation in the first 24 h post exposure.

scholarly journals Identification of Redox-Sensitive Transcription Factors as Markers of Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1138
Author(s):  
Martina Schiavello ◽  
Elena Gazzano ◽  
Loredana Bergandi ◽  
Francesca Silvagno ◽  
Roberta Libener ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Asbestos Exposure ◽  
Predictive Biomarkers ◽  
Antioxidant Systems ◽  
Pleural Mesothelioma ◽  
Related Factor ◽  
Aggressive Cancer

Although asbestos has been banned in most countries around the world, malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a current problem. MPM is an aggressive tumor with a poor prognosis, so it is crucial to identify new markers in the preventive field. Asbestos exposure induces oxidative stress and its carcinogenesis has been linked to a strong oxidative damage, event counteracted by antioxidant systems at the pulmonary level. The present study has been focused on some redox-sensitive transcription factors that regulate cellular antioxidant defense and are overexpressed in many tumors, such as Nrf2 (Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2), Ref-1 (Redox effector factor 1), and FOXM1 (Forkhead box protein M1). The research was performed in human mesothelial and MPM cells. Our results have clearly demonstrated an overexpression of Nrf2, Ref-1, and FOXM1 in mesothelioma towards mesothelium, and a consequent activation of downstream genes controlled by these factors, which in turn regulates antioxidant defense. This event is mediated by oxidative free radicals produced when mesothelial cells are exposed to asbestos fibers. We observed an increased expression of Nrf2, Ref-1, and FOXM1 towards untreated cells, confirming asbestos as the mediator of oxidative stress evoked at the mesothelium level. These factors can therefore be considered predictive biomarkers of MPM and potential pharmacological targets in the treatment of this aggressive cancer.

scholarly journals Oxidative Stress Alters the Profile of Transcription Factors Related to Early Development on In Vitro Produced Embryos

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberta Ferreira Leite ◽  
Kelly Annes ◽  
Jessica Ispada ◽  
Camila Bruna de Lima ◽  
Érika Cristina dos Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Embryo Development ◽  
Cell Biology ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Early Embryo ◽  
Blastocyst Development ◽  
Oxidation Reduction ◽  
Number Of Cells

High oxygen levels during in vitro culture (IVC) can induce oxidative stress through accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), negatively affecting embryo development. This study evaluated the effect of different O2 tensions during IVC on bovine blastocyst development and transcriptional status, considering transcription factors that play an essential role during early embryo development. For this purpose, embryos were produced in vitro by conventional protocols and cultured in two different oxygen tensions, physiological (5%) and atmospheric (20%). Expanded blastocysts were subjected to transcript quantitation analysis by RT-qPCR with Biomark™ HD System (Fluidigm, US), using 67 TaqMan assays specific for Bos taurus. Differences were observed in genes related to oxidation-reduction processes, DNA-dependent transcription factors, and factors related to important functional pathways for embryo development. Blastocyst rate was higher in the 5% O2 group and the number of cells was assessed, with the 5% O2 group having a higher number of cells. ROS concentration was evaluated, with a higher ROS presence in the 20% O2 group. Taken together, these results allow us to conclude that IVC of embryos at atmospheric O2 tension affects the expression of important transcription factors involved in multiple cell biology pathways that can affect embryo development, quality, and viability.

scholarly journals FoxO Transcription Factors Promote Cardiomyocyte Survival upon Induction of Oxidative Stress

2010 ◽  
Vol 286 (9) ◽  
pp. 7468-7478 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arunima Sengupta ◽  
Jeffery D. Molkentin ◽  
Ji-Hye Paik ◽  
Ronald A. DePinho ◽  
Katherine E. Yutzey
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Foxo Transcription Factors ◽  
Cardiomyocyte Survival

178 Cellular and extracellular expression of stress response transcription factors in male and female bovine pre-implantation embryos under oxidative stress conditions

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 213
Author(s):  
M. O. Taqi ◽  
S. Gebremedhn ◽  
D. Salilew-Wondim ◽  
F. Rings ◽  
C. Neuhoff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Stress Response ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Expression Pattern ◽  
Total Cell ◽  
Expression Level ◽  
Total Cell Count ◽  
Oxygen Level ◽  
Male And Female

Pre-implantation embryo development is a critical stage, in which several development and stress-response related transcription factors (TF) are involved. Exposing embryos to environmental insults alter some of these stress response-related TF. However, their expression pattern in male and female embryos and their release via exosomes is still unclear. Here, we aimed to investigate the effect of culture-induced oxidative stress on development and expression pattern of stress-related TF in male and female embryos and in respective spent media coupled with exosomes. For this, bovine male and female zygotes were in vitro produced using sexed semen and cultured under 5% and 20% oxygen in exosome-depleted SOFaa medium (SOF with amino acids). Blastocysts were subjected to total RNA isolation followed by quantitative RT-PCR analysis of the selected TF (Nrf2, KLF4, NOTCH1, SREBF2, E2F1, CAT1, SOD1, and OCT4), as well as protein abundance analysis using immunofluorescence and related phenotypes analysis, including reactive oxygen species (ROS) level and total cell count. Furthermore, the spent embryo culture media were collected for exosomes isolation and expression analysis of candidate TF. The data were statistically analysed using one-way ANOVA followed by multiple pair-wise comparisons using the Tukey post hoc test. Results showed that the blastocyst rates of both male (29.9% v. 34.9%) and female (16.7% v. 26.5%) bovine embryos were significantly lower in 20% than in 5% oxygen level. Female blastocysts subjected to the higher oxygen level showed increased ROS level (37.66±1.70v. 45.32±2.05 in male and 29.42±1.44v. 45.51±2.06 in female) and significantly reduced total cell count compared with the male embryo counterpart (136.55±7.8v. 112.75±2.9 in male and 138.75±2.0v. 88.25±4.3 in female cultured in 5% and 20% oxygen levels, respectively). Consequently, the expression levels of Nrf2, KLF4, SREBF2, CAT1, SOD1, and OCT4 were significantly increased in male embryos exposed to oxidative stress compared with those cultured under the lower oxygen level. However, NOTCH1 and E2F1 were significantly increased in female embryos exposed to oxidative stress compared with the male counterparts. The mRNA level of SREBF2 was significantly increased in male embryos cultured under both 5% and 20% O2 compared with female embryos. The protein expression level of Nrf2 and KLF4 was higher in embryos cultured at 20% v. 5% O2 with greater Nrf2 abundance in male embryos. Consequently, the male embryos produced at 20% O2 released a higher number of exosomes enriched with Nrf2, SOD1, and NOTCH1 mRNA than the other groups. Interestingly, the exosomal mRNA expression level of E2F1 tended to be higher in female embryos exposed to oxidative stress than their male counterparts. Taken together, the male embryos were more tolerant to oxidative stress than female embryos via the activation Nrf2-mediated oxidative stress response and development related TF. The release of these TF via exosomes could enhance cellular homeostasis maintenance under oxidative stress.

scholarly journals Evolutionarily conserved transcription factors drive the oxidative stress response in Drosophila

2020 ◽  
Vol 223 (14) ◽  
pp. jeb221622
Author(s):  
Sarah M. Ryan ◽  
Kaitie Wildman ◽  
Briseida Oceguera-Perez ◽  
Scott Barbee ◽  
Nathan T. Mortimer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Binding Sites ◽  
Regulatory Elements ◽  
Genomic Locus ◽  
Biologically Relevant ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Putative Transcription Factor

ABSTRACTAs organisms are constantly exposed to the damaging effects of oxidative stress through both environmental exposure and internal metabolic processes, they have evolved a variety of mechanisms to cope with this stress. One such mechanism is the highly conserved p38 MAPK (p38K) pathway, which is known to be post-translationally activated in response to oxidative stress, resulting in the activation of downstream antioxidant targets. However, little is known about the role of p38K transcriptional regulation in response to oxidative stress. Therefore, we analyzed the p38K gene family across the genus Drosophila to identify conserved regulatory elements. We found that oxidative stress exposure results in increased p38K protein levels in multiple Drosophila species and is associated with increased oxidative stress resistance. We also found that the p38Kb genomic locus includes conserved AP-1 and lola-PT transcription factor consensus binding sites. Accordingly, over-expression of these transcription factors in D. melanogaster is sufficient to induce transcription of p38Kb and enhances resistance to oxidative stress. We further found that the presence of a putative lola-PT binding site in the p38Kb locus of a given species is predictive of the species' survival in response to oxidative stress. Through our comparative genomics approach, we have identified biologically relevant putative transcription factor binding sites that regulate the expression of p38Kb and are associated with resistance to oxidative stress. These findings reveal a novel mode of regulation for p38K genes and suggest that transcription may play as important a role in p38K-mediated stress responses as post-translational modifications.

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