Development of microsatellite markers for Tetranychus kanzawai (Acari: Tetranychidae) and analysis of spatio-temporal gene flow among populations on different host plants

Duma florulenta and Acacia stenophylla are two ecologically important but understudied species that naturally occur on the floodplains and riverbanks of Australia’s arid and semi-arid river systems. This paper describes the discovery and characterization of 12 and 13 polymorphic microsatellite markers for D. florulenta and A. stenophylla respectively. The number of alleles per locus for D. florulenta ranged from 2-12 with an average of 6.1. Across all samples, observed and expected heterozygosities ranged from 0.026 to 0.784 and 0.026 to 0.824 respectively and mean polymorphic information content was equal to 0.453. For A. stenophylla, the number of alleles per locus ranged between 2 and 8 with an overall mean of 4.8. Across all samples, observed and expected heterozygosities ranged from 0.029 to 0.650 and 0.029 to 0.761 respectively and mean polymorphic information content was 0.388. The developed suites of 12 and 13 microsatellite markers for D. florulenta and A. stenophylla respectively provide opportunity for novel research into mechanisms of gene flow, dispersal and breeding system and how they operate under the extreme variability these species are exposed to in the environments in which they live.

Download Full-text

Population Genetics of the Red Rock Lobster, Jasus edwardsii

10.26686/wgtn.16999873.v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

◽

Luke Thomas

Keyword(s):

Population Structure ◽

Gene Flow ◽

New Zealand ◽

Genetic Differentiation ◽

Microsatellite Markers ◽

Rocky Reef ◽

Rock Lobster ◽

Wide Range ◽

Jasus Edwardsii ◽

Polymorphic Microsatellite

<p>Understanding patterns of gene flow across a species range is a vital component of an effective fisheries management strategy. The advent of highly polymorphic microsatellite markers has facilitated the detection of fine-scale patterns of genetic differentiation at levels below the resolving power of earlier techniques. This has triggered the wide-spread re-examination of population structure for a number of commercially targeted species. The aims of thesis were to re-investigate patterns of gene flow of the red rock lobster Jasus edwardsii throughout New Zealand and across the Tasman Sea using novel microsatellite markers. Jasus edwardsii is a keystone species of subtidal rocky reef system and supports lucrative export markets in both Australia and New Zealand. Eight highly polymorphic microsatellite markers were developed from 454 sequence data and screened across a Wellington south coast population to obtain basic diversity indices. All loci were polymorphic with the number of alleles per locus ranging from 6-39. Observed and expected heterozygosity ranged from 0.563-0.937 and 0.583-0.961, respectively. There were no significant deviations from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium following standard Bonferroni corrections. The loci were used in a population analysis of J. edwardsii that spanned 10 degrees of latitude and stretched 3,500 km across the South Pacific. The analysis rejected the null-hypothesis of panmixia based on earlier mDNA analysis and revealed significant population structure (FST=0.011, RST=0.028) at a wide range of scales. Stewart Island was determined to have the highest levels of genetic differentiation of all populations sampled suggesting a high degree of reproductive isolation and self-recruitment. This study also identified high levels of asymmetric gene flow from Australia to New Zealand indicating a historical source-sink relationship between the two countries. Results from the genetic analysis were consistent with results from oceanographic dispersal models and it is likely that the genetic results reflect historical and contemporary patterns of Jasus edwardsii dispersal and recruitment throughout its range.</p>

Download Full-text

Population structure, gene flow and genetic diversity analyses based on agro-morphological traits and microsatellite markers within cultivated and wild germplasms of okra [Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench.]

Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution ◽

10.1007/s10722-021-01263-9 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Anjan Das ◽

Ramesh Kumar Yadav ◽

Harshwardhan Choudhary ◽

Suman Lata ◽

Saurabh Singh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Population Structure ◽

Gene Flow ◽

Microsatellite Markers ◽

Morphological Traits ◽

Abelmoschus Esculentus

Download Full-text

Temporal isolation between sympatric host plants cascades across multiple trophic levels of host-associated insects

Biology Letters ◽

10.1098/rsbl.2019.0572 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 15 (12) ◽

pp. 20190572 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Linyi Zhang ◽

Glen R. Hood ◽

James R. Ott ◽

Scott P. Egan

Keyword(s):

Gene Flow ◽

Host Plants ◽

Adult Emergence ◽

Life Cycles ◽

Trophic Levels ◽

Gall Wasp ◽

Temporal Isolation ◽

Tightly Coupled ◽

Mating Opportunities ◽

Ephemeral Resources

Phenological differences between host plants can promote temporal isolation among host-associated populations of insects with life cycles tightly coupled to plant phenology. Divergence in the timing of spring budbreak between two sympatric sister oak species has been shown to promote temporal isolation between host plants and their host-associated populations of a cynipid gall wasp. Here, we examined the generality of this mechanism by testing the hypothesis of cascading temporal isolation for five additional gall-formers and three natural enemy species associated with these same oak species. The timing of adult emergence from galls differed significantly between host-associated populations for all nine species and parallels the direction of the phenological differences between host plants. Differences in emergence timing can reduce gene flow between host-associated populations by diminishing mating opportunities and/or reducing the fitness of immigrants due to differences in the availability of ephemeral resources. Our study suggests that cascading temporal isolation could be a powerful ‘biodiversity generator’ across multiple trophic levels in tightly coupled plant–insect systems.

Download Full-text

Use of expressed sequence tag microsatellite markers for population genetic research of Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) from India

The Canadian Entomologist ◽

10.4039/tce.2015.47 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 148 (2) ◽

pp. 187-199

Author(s):

Thiruvengadam Venkatesan ◽

Vaddi Sridhar ◽

Yan R. Tomason ◽

Sushil Kumar Jalali ◽

Gajanan T. Behere ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Gene Flow ◽

Microsatellite Markers ◽

Population Genetic ◽

Expressed Sequence Tag ◽

Genetic Research ◽

Western India ◽

Diversity Analysis ◽

Lepidoptera Noctuidae ◽

Expressed Sequence

AbstractCotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), is a serious pest of several crops throughout the world, representing millions of United States of America dollars worth of damage. This pest can adapt to various cropping systems in a wide geographical range and has high migratory potential. It features high fecundity and can develop resistance to almost all insecticides used for its management. Several investigations to develop microsatellite markers for H. armigera have not been successful because of the paucity of microsatellites in the lepidopteran genome. As well, collections of H. armigera from cotton fields of southern and western India were not yet studied for molecular genetic diversity. The current study aimed to screen publicly available expressed sequence tag resources for simple sequence repeats and assess their potential as DNA markers for assessment of gene flow between collections of southern and western India. We identified 30 polymorphic microsatellites for potential use in diversity analysis of H. armigera collections. Genetic diversity analysis revealed that the collections were widely diverse with population differentiation index (Fst) of 0.17. Furthermore, gene flow analysis revealed a mean frequency of private alleles of 11% within the collections. The microsatellite resources we developed could be widely used for molecular diversity or population genetic research involving this important pest of cotton and food crops.

Download Full-text

Isolation and characterisation via 454 sequencing of microsatellites from the tawny frogmouth, Podargus strigoides (Class Aves, Family Podargidae)

Australian Journal of Zoology ◽

10.1071/zo12062 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 60 (2) ◽

pp. 133

Author(s):

Fiona E. Hogan ◽

Marian Weaving ◽

Gregory R. Johnston

Keyword(s):

Population Genetics ◽

Gene Flow ◽

Microsatellite Markers ◽

Reproductive Ecology ◽

454 Sequencing ◽

Urban Environments ◽

Shotgun Sequencing ◽

Target Species ◽

Single Population ◽

Polymorphic Microsatellite

We isolated 24 novel polymorphic microsatellite markers from the tawny frogmouth, a nocturnal bird endemic to Australia, which has successfully adapted to urban environments. Initially, 454 shotgun sequencing was used to identify 733 loci with primers designed. Of these, we trialled 30 in the target species of which all amplified a product of expected size. Subsequently, all 30 of these loci were screened for variation in 25 individuals, from a single population in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. Twenty-eight loci were polymorphic with observed heterozygosity ranging from 0.03 to 0.96 (mean 0.58) and the number of alleles per locus ranged from 2 to 18 (average of 6.5); we confirmed that 24 loci conformed to Hardy–Weinberg expectations. The 24 loci identified here will be sufficient to unequivocally identify individuals and will be useful in understanding the reproductive ecology, population genetics and the gene flow amongst localities in urban environments where this bird thrives.

Download Full-text

Spatio-temporal genetic tagging of a cosmopolitan planktivorous shark provides insight to gene flow, temporal variation and site-specific re-encounters

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-020-58086-4 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Lilian Lieber ◽

Graham Hall ◽

Jackie Hall ◽

Simon Berrow ◽

Emmett Johnston ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gene Flow ◽

Temporal Variation ◽

Site Specific ◽

Genetic Tagging ◽

Spatio Temporal

Download Full-text

Spontaneous gene flow from rapeseed ( Brassica napus ) to wild Brassica oleracea

Proceedings of The Royal Society B Biological Sciences ◽

10.1098/rspb.2006.3686 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 273 (1605) ◽

pp. 3111-3115 ◽

Cited By ~ 30

Author(s):

Caroline S Ford ◽

Joël Allainguillaume ◽

Phil Grilli-Chantler ◽

Giulia Cuccato ◽

Charlotte J Allender ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Flow Cytometry ◽

Gene Flow ◽

Brassica Napus ◽

Microsatellite Markers ◽

Brassica Oleracea ◽

Brassica Rapa ◽

Environmental Risks ◽

Wild Relatives ◽

Similar Species ◽

In The Wild

Research on the environmental risks of gene flow from genetically modified (GM) crops to wild relatives has traditionally emphasized recipients yielding most hybrids. For GM rapeseed ( Brassica napus ), interest has centred on the ‘frequently hybridizing’ Brassica rapa over relatives such as Brassica oleracea , where spontaneous hybrids are unreported in the wild. In two sites, where rapeseed and wild B. oleracea grow together, we used flow cytometry and crop-specific microsatellite markers to identify one triploid F 1 hybrid, together with nine diploid and two near triploid introgressants. Given the newly discovered capacity for spontaneous introgression into B. oleracea , we then surveyed associated flora and fauna to evaluate the capacity of both recipients to harm cohabitant species with acknowledged conservational importance. Only B. oleracea occupies rich communities containing species afforded legislative protection; these include one rare micromoth species that feeds on B. oleracea and warrants further assessment. We conclude that increased attention should now focus on B. oleracea and similar species that yield few crop-hybrids, but possess scope to affect rare or endangered associates.

Download Full-text