Fibre Spinning | ScienceGate

Hierarchically Porous Silk/Activated-Carbon Composite Fibres for Adsorption and Repellence of Volatile Organic Compounds

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules25051207 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 25 (5) ◽

pp. 1207

Author(s):

Aled D. Roberts ◽

Jet-Sing M. Lee ◽

Adrián Magaz ◽

Martin W. Smith ◽

Michael Dennis ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Activated Carbon ◽

Volatile Organic Compounds ◽

Organic Compounds ◽

Carbon Composite ◽

Hierarchically Porous ◽

Surface Areas ◽

Regenerated Silk Fibroin ◽

Volatile Organic ◽

Fibre Spinning ◽

Solution Blow Spinning

Fabrics comprised of porous fibres could provide effective passive protection against chemical and biological (CB) threats whilst maintaining high air permeability (breathability). Here, we fabricate hierarchically porous fibres consisting of regenerated silk fibroin (RSF) and activated-carbon (AC) prepared through two fibre spinning techniques in combination with ice-templating—namely cryogenic solution blow spinning (Cryo-SBS) and cryogenic wet-spinning (Cryo-WS). The Cryo-WS RSF fibres had exceptionally small macropores (as low as 0.1 µm) and high specific surface areas (SSAs) of up to 79 m2·g−1. The incorporation of AC could further increase the SSA to 210 m2·g−1 (25 wt.% loading) whilst also increasing adsorption capacity for volatile organic compounds (VOCs).

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Cribellate thread production as model for spider’s spinneret kinematics

Journal of Comparative Physiology A ◽

10.1007/s00359-020-01460-4 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Margret Weissbach ◽

Marius Neugebauer ◽

Anna-Christin Joel

Keyword(s):

Molecular Structure ◽

Mechanical Properties ◽

Fibre Type ◽

Material Science ◽

Spider Silk ◽

Functional Unit ◽

Material Strength ◽

Spinning Process ◽

Fibre Spinning ◽

House Spider

AbstractSpider silk attracts researchers from the most diverse fields, such as material science or medicine. However, still little is known about silk aside from its molecular structure and material strength. Spiders produce many different silks and even join several silk types to one functional unit. In cribellate spiders, a complex multi-fibre system with up to six different silks affects the adherence to the prey. The assembly of these cribellate capture threads influences the mechanical properties as each fibre type absorbs forces specifically. For the interplay of fibres, spinnerets have to move spatially and come into contact with each other at specific points in time. However, spinneret kinematics are not well described though highly sophisticated movements are performed which are in no way inferior to the movements of other flexible appendages. We describe here the kinematics for the spinnerets involved in the cribellate spinning process of the grey house spider, Badumna longinqua, as an example of spinneret kinematics in general. With this information, we set a basis for understanding spinneret kinematics in other spinning processes of spiders and additionally provide inspiration for biomimetic multiple fibre spinning.

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Alumina fibre FP

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series A, Mathematical and Physical Sciences ◽

10.1098/rsta.1980.0049 ◽

1980 ◽

Vol 294 (1411) ◽

pp. 411-417 ◽

Cited By ~ 73

Keyword(s):

Tensile Strength ◽

Elevated Temperatures ◽

Low Cost ◽

Ferrous Metal ◽

High Strength ◽

Textile Fibre ◽

Continuous Filament ◽

Fibre Spinning ◽

Metal Castings ◽

Room Temperature Strength

A new experimental inorganic fibre currently under development at the Du Pont Company is a continuous filament, polycrystalline a-alumina yarn designated Fibre FP. This fibre is suitable for reinforcing a variety of materials, especially non-ferrous metal castings because of a combination of properties such as high strength and modulus, stability at elevated temperatures, composite castability and potentially low cost. Fibre FP, essentially > 99 % a-Al 2 O 3 , is made by a novel continuous ceramic fibre process utilizing low cost textile fibre spinning technology and is produced as a yarn containing 210 filaments. The modulus of Fibre FP is 379 GPa (55 x 10 6 lbf in -2 ) with a tensile strength of 1380 MPa (200000 lbf in -2 ). The room temperature strength and modulus of the fibre are retained to about 1000 °C. Recently, higher strength FP fibres with a tensile strength of 2070 MPa (300000 lbf in -2 ) have been demonstrated on a laboratory scale.

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