Electrochemical sensors and monitoring techniques

1993 ◽  
pp. 596-637
Author(s):  
Derek Pletcher ◽  
Frank C. Walsh
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Sensors ◽  
Monitoring Techniques

Biomimetic Electrochemical Sensors Based on Imprinted Polymers for Determination of Mercury Ion

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. R. Ganjali ◽  
T. Alizadeh ◽  
B. Larijani ◽  
M. Aghazadeh ◽  
E. Pourbasheer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Sensors ◽  
Mercury Ion ◽  
Imprinted Polymers

Electroanalysis of Catecholamine Drugs using Graphene Modified Electrodes

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 443-466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahya Karami Mosammam ◽  
Mohammad Reza Ganjali ◽  
Mona Habibi-Kool-Gheshlaghi ◽  
Farnoush Faridbod
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Sensors ◽  
Modified Electrodes ◽  
Electrochemical Methods ◽  
High Signal ◽  
Signal To Noise ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Biological Studies

Background: Catecholamine drugs are a family of electroactive pharmaceutics, which are widely analyzed through electrochemical methods. However, for low level online determination and monitoring of these compounds, which is very important for clinical and biological studies, modified electrodes having high signal to noise ratios are needed. Numerous materials including nanomaterials have been widely used as electrode modifies for these families during the years. Among them, graphene and its family, due to their remarkable properties in electrochemistry, were extensively used in modification of electrochemical sensors. Objective: In this review, working electrodes which have been modified with graphene and its derivatives and applied for electroanalyses of some important catecholamine drugs are considered.

Carbon Monoxide Sensing Technologies

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Metal Oxides ◽  
Electrochemical Sensors ◽  
Colorimetric Detection ◽  
Infrared Sensors ◽  
Polymeric Thin Films ◽  
Semiconducting Metal Oxides ◽  
Book Covers

The book covers the sensing and monitoring of poisonous carbon monoxide pollution in the environment. The sensors covered include semiconducting metal oxides, carbon nanotubes, conducting polymeric thin films, sensors based on colorimetric detection, non-dispersive infrared sensors, electrochemical sensors and photoacoustic detectors.

scholarly journals Graphene Oxide: A Smart (Starting) Material for Natural Methylxanthines Adsorption and Detection

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (23) ◽  
pp. 4247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rita Petrucci ◽  
Isabella Chiarotto ◽  
Leonardo Mattiello ◽  
Daniele Passeri ◽  
Marco Rossi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Nucleic Acids ◽  
Reduced Graphene Oxide ◽  
Electrochemical Sensors ◽  
Enzymatic Digestion ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Polar Solvents ◽  
Dna And Rna ◽  
Reduced Graphene

Natural methylxanthines, caffeine, theophylline and theobromine, are widespread biologically active alkaloids in human nutrition, found mainly in beverages (coffee, tea, cocoa, energy drinks, etc.). Their detection is thus of extreme importance, and many studies are devoted to this topic. During the last decade, graphene oxide (GO) and reduced graphene oxide (RGO) gained popularity as constituents of sensors (chemical, electrochemical and biosensors) for methylxanthines. The main advantages of GO and RGO with respect to graphene are the easiness and cheapness of synthesis, the notable higher solubility in polar solvents (water, among others), and the higher reactivity towards these targets (mainly due to – interactions); one of the main disadvantages is the lower electrical conductivity, especially when using them in electrochemical sensors. Nonetheless, their use in sensors is becoming more and more common, with the obtainment of very good results in terms of selectivity and sensitivity (up to 5.4 × 10−10 mol L−1 and 1.8 × 10−9 mol L−1 for caffeine and theophylline, respectively). Moreover, the ability of GO to protect DNA and RNA from enzymatic digestion renders it one of the best candidates for biosensors based on these nucleic acids. This is an up-to-date review of the use of GO and RGO in sensors.

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