Strategies for Nature Management and Vegetation Conservation

1999 ◽  
pp. 165-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter D. Gunin ◽  
Elizabeth A. Vostokova ◽  
Nadezhda I. Dorofeyuk ◽  
Pavel E. Tarasov ◽  
Clanton C. Black
Keyword(s):  
Nature Management

Rational nature management - the basis for increasing the stability of agricultural crops for diseases and pests

2019 ◽  
Vol 325 (5) ◽  
pp. 65-69
Author(s):  
I.A. Trofimov ◽  
◽  
V.M. Kosolapov ◽  
L.S. Trofimova ◽  
E.P. Yakovleva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nature Management ◽  
Agricultural Crops ◽  
Rational Nature ◽  
The Stability

Relevant issues of land reclamation development in Non-black Earth area

2020 ◽  
pp. 5-13
Author(s):  
Georgiy Gulyuk ◽  
Aleksey Ivanov ◽  
Yuri Yanko
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Land Reclamation ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Nature Management ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Forage Crops ◽  
Edible Roots ◽  
Social Economic Development

Current situation and agricultural management on the non-black earth area of Russia arebeing gradually worsen by the negative natural factors such as a significant increase of weather based climatic abnormal risks, deterioration of agro-meliorative conditions of agricultural lands because of colonization by tree and shrubbery vegetation and secondary bog formation, hidden degradation of soil fertility. When combined with functional loss of ameliorative complex and meliorative systems amortization, regional agriculture adaptation possibilities were rapidly limited. Production shortfall due no abnormal weather conditions for particular field crops was 19…48% during last five years, level of business realization of bioclimatic potential on a field was decreased by 7…12%.The complete realization of regional agricultural adaptive potential to weather based climatic changes and limitation of greenhouse gases emissions is possible on a basis of regeneration ofalll functions and aspects of ameliorative complex management. Toward this goal the coordinated actions of federal and regional management of Agricultural Complex, Scientific and Educational institutions, project foundations and managers are needed in a relation to human resources, scientific and regulatory supply. Any incomplete treatment in these fields inherent in visual negative consequences for food security and social economic development of rural areas of non-black earth zones not only at the current historical moment, but in a future also. Fundamental influence of solving of these problems deserves to scientific supply of innovative ameliorative complex, renewal of which should be based on principals of resources and energy preservation, nature management, computerization and digitalization management. During a long term research it was established that increase of average vegetation period temperature by lоСhas increased productivity of winter wheat, barley and summer wheat in average on 0,7 tons per ha, winter wheat and oat on 0,4 tons per ha, potatoes – 8,2 tons per ha, edible roots-6,4 tons per ha, cabbage 9,8 tons per ha, dry basis of herbage of multi and one age grasses–0,5 and 0,7 tons per ha. Increase of СО2 Concentration from 0,35 to 0,45% during last twenty years contributed into grow of yield in regional agriculture which can be estimated as 0,3 tons per ha per measure; searching remedy for agroclimatical risks decreasing production became drainage and irrigation systems (decrease 3…5 times);new method of reclamation of abandoned areas with transformation of biomass of tree and shrubbery vegetation into biochar makes it possible to decrease СО2 emissions up to times and get an adverse balance of СО2;secondary reclamation of lands covered by trees and shrubbery on area of 22ha used for vegetables and area of 37ha used for forage crops could supply a farmer with work and revenue sufficient for maintenance of one child what is on the major facts of population declaim in rural areas.

Accumulation of microelements by different invertebrate trophic groups on wasted lands

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 30-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. A. Didur ◽  
Yu. L. Kulbachko ◽  
V. Y. Gasso
Keyword(s):  
Active Agent ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Nature Management ◽  
Habitat Transformation ◽  
Natural Landscapes ◽  
Invertebrate Animals ◽  
Risk Of Disease ◽  
Ore Dressing ◽  
Processing Enterprise

<p>The problem of transformation of natural landscapes resulted from the negative technogenic impact is highlighted. It is shown that mining enterprises are powerful anthropo-technical sources of organic and inorganic toxicants entering the environment. Their wastes pollute all components of the ecosystems and negatively influence human health by increasing a risk of disease. The nature of the accumulation of trace elements (Fe, Cu, Zn, Ni, Cd, and Pb) by invertebrate animals of various functional groups under conditions of anthropo-technogenic pressure was studied. The sample plots were located on self-overgrowing sites with ruderal vegetation located in the immediate vicinity of the Mangan ore-dressing and processing enterprise (Dnipropetrovsk region). It is quite naturally that among the studied biogenic microelements (Fe, Cu, Zn and Ni), the phyto-, zoo-, and saprophages in the investigated zone of technogenic pollution most actively accumulate Fe:<em> </em>22758, 17516 and 18884 mg/kg dry weight on average, respectively. There are significant differences (p ≤ 0.05) in the content of studied microelements between saprophages and phytophages. The saprophages accumulate such trace metals as Mn, Cu, Zn and Cd in high quantities, but Ni and Pb – in smaller ones. The saprophagous functional group of invertebrates is an active agent of detritogenesis, in the conditions of modern nature management it acts as a powerful element of ecosystem engineering (habitat transformation), the main ecological role of which is to modify the habitat of other soil biota. In addition, the saprophages fulfil their concentrating geochemical function. They actively participate in the most important soil biochemical process: the formation of humus, the migration of microelements along trophic chains, the biological cycle in general, and provide such supporting ecosystem services as increasing soil fertility and nutrient cycling.</p>

ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECT OF ECONOMIC WASTE MANAGEMENT

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.A. Lavrentiev ◽  
◽  
V.V. Sidorkin ◽  
E.A. Gamoyunov ◽  
A.S. Rusaleev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Management ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Environmental Effect ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Waste Recycling ◽  
Ecological Effect ◽  
Nature Management ◽  
Modern Concept ◽  
Rational Nature ◽  
Modern Technologies

The article explores ways of forming a modern concept of rational nature management of agricultural waste. The analysis of the nomenclature of agricultural waste was carried out, their influence on the environmental situation was studied. The modern technologies of rational nature management of agricultural waste are systematized, the most promising areas of waste recycling are identified. The ecological effect of the application of technologies for the rational environmental management of agricultural waste was studied.

РАЙОНИРОВАНИЕ РОССИЙСКОЙ ЧАСТИ ПРИБРЕЖНОГО РЕГИОНА ЯПОНСКОГО МОРЯ ПО СОЧЕТАНИЮ МИНЕРАЛЬНЫХ РЕСУРСОВ

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.G. Tkachenko
Keyword(s):  
Sea Of Japan ◽  
Natural Resource ◽  
Russian Far East ◽  
Mineral Resources ◽  
Mineral Deposits ◽  
Nature Management ◽  
Comparative Characteristic ◽  
The Sea Of Japan ◽  
Resource Potential ◽  
Russian Part

Морское побережье является одной из самых выраженных естественных географических границ, которая одновременно разделяет и связывает географические структуры суши морей или океанов. В основе формирования типов природопользования в прибрежных зонах, как и на других типах географического пространства, лежит природноресурсный потенциал. Природноресурсный потенциал и типы природопользования как явления пространственнодифференцированные должны быть рассмотрены, прежде всего, в рамках классических географических подходов и оценок, таких как районирование территории и акватории. При этом пространственные сочетания наземных и морских природных, природноресурсных компонентов рассматриваются как важнейшие предпосылки инфраструктурного и хозяйственного развития прибрежных регионов. Необходимым этапом природноресурсного районирования является выявление границ, при пересечении которых существенно меняются природные ресурсы и условия. Данная работа выполнена на примере рассмотрения минеральных ресурсов прибрежных муниципальных образований и является частью исследования природноресурсных сочетаний зоны сушаокеан Дальнего Востока России в рамках изучения пространственной дифференциации факторов, условий и ограничений формирования и развития структур природопользования в прибрежной зоне Тихоокеанской России с учетом воздействия экстремальных природных процессов и явлений. Дана сравнительная характеристика месторождений минерального сырья российской части побережья Японского моря. Определена их видовая и географическая структура. На основе того, что месторождения минерального сырья сгруппированы в 8 основных ресурсных групп ввыполнено районирование российской части побережья Японского моря по сочетанию основных видов минеральных ресурсов. Выделены типы муниципальных образований по сочетанию минеральных ресурсов и показаны особенности каждого из них. Выделены шесть районов по сочетанию минеральных ресурсов. В связи с необходимостью учета географической особенности в сочетании со спецификой минеральных ресурсов, северной и южной частям территории одного типа районов присвоены свои собственные названия. По результатам исследования была построена карта. The seacoast is one of the most pronounced natural geographical boundaries, which divides and connects simultaneously the geographical structures of the land, seas or oceans. The formation of the types of nature management in coastal zones, as well as on other types of geographical space, is based on the natural resource potential. Being spatially differentiated phenomena, the natural resource potential and the types of environmental management should be considered, first of all, within the framework of classical geographical approaches and assessments, such as zoning of the territory and water areas. In this case, spatial combinations of the land and sea natural, naturalresource components are considered as the most important prerequisites for the infrastructure and economic development of coastal regions. Identification of borders, at the intersection of which the natural resources and conditions change significantly, is a necessary stage of natural resource zoning. This work is carried out by example of consideration of mineral resources of coastal municipal unions and appears to be a part of studies of naturalresource combinations of the landocean zone of the Russian Far East in the framework of studies of spatial differentiation of factors, conditions and restrictions of formation and development of structures of nature management in the coastal zone of Pacific Russia, taking into account the influence of extreme natural processes and phenomena. The comparative characteristic of mineral deposits of the Russian part of the coast of the Sea of Japan is given. Their species and a geographical structure are determined. Based on the fact that the mineral deposits are grouped into eight main resource groups, zoning of the Russian part of the coast of the Sea of Japan by a combination of the main types of mineral resources is performed. The types of municipalities are allocated by a combination of mineral resources and their features are shown. Six areas are singled out by a combination of mineral resources. Due to the need to take into account the geographical features in combination with the specifics of mineral resources, the northern and southern parts of the territory of one type of areas have obtained their own names. According to the results of the studies, the map has been compiled.

MECHANISM OF FISCHAL REGULATION OF FORESTRY

2018 ◽  
pp. 67-72
Author(s):  
Igor Lytsur ◽  
Anatoliy Karpuk
Keyword(s):  
Fiscal Policy ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
International Experience ◽  
Nature Management ◽  
Modern State ◽  
Regulation Mechanism ◽  
Balanced Development

The modern state and ways of features of fiscal regulation mechanism of forestry is investigated. Scientific-theoretical principles of its effect to provision of balanced development of forestry in the system of nature management fiscal policy are justified. Conceptual framework of fiscal regulation mechanism, taking into consideration international experience functioning is examined.

New methodical approaches to mapping of geosystems (by the example of Baikalian Siberia’s geosystems)

2018 ◽  
Vol 937 (7) ◽  
pp. 23-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.N. Vladimirov
Keyword(s):  
Global Climate ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
Nature Management ◽  
Climate Data ◽  
Structural Dynamic ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
North Asia ◽  
Elevation Model

The article considers a new approach to landscape mapping based on the synthesis of remote sensing data of high and medium spatial resolution, a digital elevation model, maps of various thematic contents, a set of global climate data, and materials of field research. The map of the Baikalian’s Siberia geosystems is based on the principles of the multistage regional-typological and structural-dynamic classification of geosystems proposed by Academician V.B. Sochava. The structure of the geosystems of the Baikalian Siberia is characterized by great complexity, both in the set of natural complexes and in the degree of their contrast. The regional classification range covers the geosystems inherent in different subcontinents of Asia and reflects their interpenetration, being a unique landscape-situational example of Siberian nature within North Asia. The map of the geosystems of the Baikalian Siberia reflects the main structural and dynamic diversity of geosystems in the region in the systems of their geographic and genetic spatial structures. These landscape cartographic studies fit into a single system of geographic forecasting and create a new fundamental scientific basis for developing recommendations for optimizing nature management in the Baikal region within the framework of implementing state environmental policy.

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