Coconut- and Cocoa-Based Agroforestry Systems in Vanuatu: A Diversification Strategy in Tune with the Farmers’ Life Cycle

Over the past few decades, conventional agriculture has been facing serious crises caused by numerous factors, including poor soil management and the excessive application of pesticides. Thus, alternative production systems have been developed, including agroforestry systems, especially those that produce both energy and food. The objective of this study was to environmentally evaluate the culture of Aleurites fordii Hemls. (Tung) using the Life Cycle Assessment method with the SimaPro 7.3.2 software. The results revealed that in family farms that use less mechanization to harvest crops, the primary category of environmental impact was land use, which included the removal of animal and vegetable species and ecosystem changes. The full impact of this category was 1741.21 m2yr PDF (potentially disappeared fraction). Subsequently, prognostics were established for the reduction of such impacts, and we conclude that Tung has a high potential for agricultural installation with high responsibility to the environment. Keywords: Environmental factors, Aleurites fordii Hemls, Life Cycle Management, Tung.

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Pengaruh Risiko Bisnis, Life Cycle Dan Diversifikasi Terhadap Struktur Modal Serta Hubungannya Dengan Nilai Perusahaan Manufaktur Di Indonesia

Jurnal Manajemen Teori dan Terapan | Journal of Theory and Applied Management ◽

10.20473/jmtt.v9i1.2787 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Septi Diana Sari

Keyword(s):

Life Cycle ◽

Capital Structure ◽

Firm Value ◽

Order Theory ◽

Diversification Strategy ◽

Single Segment ◽

Unrelated Diversification ◽

Related Diversification ◽

Positive Effect ◽

The Capital Structure

This study aims to examine the factors that affect the capital structure. The task of the financial manager is to determine the amount of capital structure to enhance shareholder value. Since the capital structure associated with firm value , this study also aimed to examine the effect of capital structure on firm value by considering the company's diversification strategy and corporate life cycle stages . By using the data obtained from the OSIRIS period 2009-2012, researchers used multiple regression test and path analysis to test the hypothesis. From the test results stated that only companies which are in the start-up phase which has a significant positive effect on the capital structure , as well as the diversification strategy has an influence on the capital structure of the company's capital structure with a sequence of related diversification > unrelated diversification > single segment. But when regressed diversification strategy with corporate values, only a single segment strategy and related diversification which significantly affect the value of the company, as well as the positive effect of capital structure on firm value. Most of the results of this study can be explained by the signaling effect and the pecking order theory.

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GENERALIZED ANALYSIS OF APPROACHES TO DIVERSIFICATION OF EXPORT ACTIVITIES

Odessa National University Herald. Economy ◽

10.32782/2304-0920/1-86-3 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (1(86)) ◽

Author(s):

Fato Sharoian

Keyword(s):

Life Cycle ◽

International Markets ◽

Export Diversification ◽

Diversification Strategy ◽

Enterprise Growth ◽

Export Activity ◽

Doing Business ◽

Number Of Factors ◽

Generalized Matrix ◽

Enterprise Transformation

The problem of existence of different approaches to diversification of export activity in the conditions of actualization of formation of strategy of diversification of the enterprises in the international markets taking into account modern tendencies and conditions of doing business is investigated. The most common approaches to the formation of diversification of export activities of enterprises are identified. The analysis of different approaches to diversification of export activity and their generalization in the form of the generalized matrix of diversification which is resulted in article is carried out. The peculiarities of the application of types of export diversification for enterprises of different stages of the life cycle, size and type of market are singled out. A number of factors in choosing the type of export activity for the company: the goals of the company, market type and its features, stage of the life cycle of the company, the size and capabilities of the company, variables that characterize the diversification strategy and many other factors and features. The most common reasons for choosing diversified growth as a method and form of enterprise growth are described. The main strategic alternatives to diversification according to A. Thompson and J. Strickland are identified, which include: acquisition of new companies and creation of alliances; exclusion of subdivisions of the corporation; restructuring of the business portfolio of the enterprise; transformation into a multinational diversified corporation. The choice of the most successful approach to export diversification depends primarily on the goals of the enterprise and the market conditions in which the enterprise operates. Next, it is important to identify the strengths and weaknesses of the company in the market to determine areas of development and, accordingly, the type of export diversification. This article presents and analyzes the most well-known and practical approaches to diversification of export activities. As a result, a diversification matrix has been developed to determine the type and direction of enterprise diversification depending on certain conditions.

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Design of diversification classifier for agricultural entrepreneurs activities

Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) ◽

10.17221/112/2009-agricecon ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 55 (No. 12) ◽

pp. 565-570 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

J. Hron ◽

T. Macák ◽

J. Huml

Keyword(s):

Life Cycle ◽

Competitive Advantage ◽

Process Integration ◽

Business Management ◽

Competitive Pressure ◽

Critical Factors ◽

Diversification Strategy ◽

Commercial Success ◽

Wide Range ◽

Selection Of

In current business management, diversification strategy is often connected to the possibility of creating a competitive advantage, based mainly on a wide range of production benefits. One of the critical factors to initiate diversification is the increasing frequency of changes in a company’s environment, and also an increase in competitive pressure expressed by shortening a product’s life cycle. As a result, the advantages resulting from both vertical and horizontal process integration are reduced. Because there are usually more innovative ideas to widen a business’ activities than it would be normally possible to implement, it is essential to choose the ideas with the largest potential for commercial success. This article focuses on the design of classifiers that would enable the selection of designs for diversification, with the potential for commercial success.

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Ultrastructural analysis of “Sensory” surface nerve endings and “putative” neurotransmitter sites in Schistosoma mansoni Miracidia

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100156791 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 47 ◽

pp. 962-963

Author(s):

Betty Ruth Jones ◽

Steve Chi-Tang Pan

Keyword(s):

Nervous System ◽

Life Cycle ◽

Schistosoma Mansoni ◽

Snail Host ◽

Complex Life Cycle ◽

Rational Approach ◽

Effective Control ◽

The Social ◽

Social And Economic Development ◽

Basic Biology

INTRODUCTION: Schistosomiasis has been described as “one of the most devastating diseases of mankind, second only to malaria in its deleterious effects on the social and economic development of populations in many warm areas of the world.” The disease is worldwide and is probably spreading faster and becoming more intense than the overall research efforts designed to provide the basis for countering it. Moreover, there are indications that the development of water resources and the demands for increasing cultivation and food in developing countries may prevent adequate control of the disease and thus the number of infections are increasing.Our knowledge of the basic biology of the parasites causing the disease is far from adequate. Such knowledge is essential if we are to develop a rational approach to the effective control of human schistosomiasis. The miracidium is the first infective stage in the complex life cycle of schistosomes. The future of the entire life cycle depends on the capacity and ability of this organism to locate and enter a suitable snail host for further development, Little is known about the nervous system of the miracidium of Schistosoma mansoni and of other trematodes. Studies indicate that miracidia contain a well developed and complex nervous system that may aid the larvae in locating and entering a susceptible snail host (Wilson, 1970; Brooker, 1972; Chernin, 1974; Pan, 1980; Mehlhorn, 1988; and Jones, 1987-1988).

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A freeze-fracture-etched study of the physarum polycephalum plasma membrane during early formation of the macroplasmodial stage

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100147570 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 51 ◽

pp. 346-347

Author(s):

Randolph W. Taylor ◽

Henrie Treadwell

Keyword(s):

Plasma Membrane ◽

Life Cycle ◽

Growth Phase ◽

Filter Paper ◽

Physarum Polycephalum ◽

Freeze Fracture ◽

Petri Dish ◽

Wire Screen ◽

Wide Mouth ◽

Sterile Filter

The plasma membrane of the Slime Mold, Physarum polycephalum, process unique morphological distinctions at different stages of the life cycle. Investigations of the plasma membrane of P. polycephalum, particularly, the arrangements of the intramembranous particles has provided useful information concerning possible changes occurring in higher organisms. In this report Freeze-fracture-etched techniques were used to investigate 3 hours post-fusion of the macroplasmodia stage of the P. polycephalum plasma membrane.Microplasmodia of Physarum polycephalum (M3C), axenically maintained, were collected in mid-expotential growth phase by centrifugation. Aliquots of microplasmodia were spread in 3 cm circles with a wide mouth pipette onto sterile filter paper which was supported on a wire screen contained in a petri dish. The cells were starved for 2 hrs at 24°C. After starvation, the cells were feed semidefined medium supplemented with hemin and incubated at 24°C. Three hours after incubation, samples were collected randomly from the petri plates, placed in plancettes and frozen with a propane-nitrogen jet freezer.

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