Applications of Molecular Markers to Develop Resistance Against Abiotic Stresses in Wheat

2019 ◽  
pp. 393-420 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Raza ◽  
Sundas Saher Mehmood ◽  
Tariq Shah ◽  
Xiling Zou ◽  
Lv Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Abiotic Stresses

scholarly journals Utilization of Molecular Markers for Rice Breeding

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Tasliah Tasliah
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Phosphate Deficiency ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Rflp Markers ◽  
Eating Quality ◽  
Rice Breeding ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Early Maturity

Rice is the staple food for more than half of the world's population. Rice production in 2050 must increase by at least 50% to keep up with the population growth. Efforts to increase rice production continue using various strategies. Breeders apply multiple approaches including application of molecular markers in developing varieties better than the previous ones. Since the discovery of the restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) markers in 1980s and the development of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method, many types of molecular markers have been developed and applied to various crops including rice. Various molecular approaches to map genetic loci associated with rice superior traits were conducted. The mapped loci are very useful for rice breeding purposes. This paper reports the results of mapping and breeding economically important traits in rice, mainly those related to abiotic stresses, agronomic traits, yield, and yield quality. These included characters of semidwarf stature, aromatic grain, high yield potential, eating quality, higher Zn and Fe grain, more tolerant to abiotic stresses, such as salinity, drought, phosphate deficiency, Al toxicity and Fe toxicity, submergence, as well as early maturity character. The mapped characters can be transferred using marker-assisted backcrossing (MABC) method into cultivated rice genotypes well-adopted by farmers. Several countries including Indonesia have benefited from this breeding method, and Indonesia have released several rice varieties developed through MABC. These include rice varieties such as Code, Angke, Inpari 30, Inpari Blas, Inpari HDB, Bio Patenggang Agritan, and Bioni 63 Ciherang Agritan

scholarly journals Application Techniques of Molecular Marker and Achievement of Marker Assisted Selection (MAS) in Three Major Crops Rice, Wheat and Maize

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-93
Author(s):  
Muhammad Gul Arabzai ◽  
Hameed Gul
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Molecular Marker ◽  
Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Marker Assisted Selection ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Linkage Drag ◽  
Conventional Breeding ◽  
Phenotype Data ◽  
Application Techniques ◽  
New Varieties

With the discovery of new genetic technology, the researcher focuses on using DNA molecular markers to improve new varieties worldwide. Such as resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses and enhancing quality and quantity at different plant breeding fields. Conventional breeding selection is based on phenotype data selection, time-consuming, and has a high chance of linkage drag. Thus, DNA molecular marker method usage is faster, easy, and not expensive than conventional breeding programs. This review focused on applying molecular markers such as genetic diversity analysis, the genotype of identification and fingerprinting, gene tagging and mapping, QTL analysis, and marker-assisted selection. In another part of this review, we focused on MAS's achievements related to improving agronomic traits, quality traits, and biotic/abiotic stresses for three major cereal crops like Wheat, Rice, and Maize.

scholarly journals Introduction to resistant vine types : a brief history and overview of the situation

OENO One ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 241-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivier Yobrégat
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Cold Hardiness ◽  
Current Situation ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Resistance Factors ◽  
Genomic Knowledge ◽  
Near Future

Today’s breeding efforts applied to grapevines are mainly focused on the use of resistance to bio-aggressors, after beingmotivated, often unconsciously, for millennia by quantitative and qualitative concerns, and adaptations to environmentalconditions. Thanks to advances in genomic knowledge and use of molecular markers, it is now possible to envisage more andmore solutions against different pathogens (fungi, bacteria, viruses, insects), and in the near future, to ensure the durability ofthese resistances while combining them with resistance factors to abiotic stresses (drought, cold hardiness, soil conditions, etc.).This brief review presents the history and current situation of resistant vine types.

scholarly journals Current Status of Mapping Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL) for Different Traits and Marker Assisted Breeding in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) – A Review

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Aswini Nunavath ◽  
Venkatraman Hegde ◽  
K. Gopala Krishna Murthy ◽  
V. Venkanna
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Ascochyta Blight ◽  
Molecular Techniques ◽  
Genetic Maps ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Biotic And Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Advanced Backcross

Chickpea is one of the most important pulse crops having estimated genome size of 738 Mb. The crop is affected by various biotic and abiotic stresses causing significant yield reduction. During the recent past, some biotic stresses like fusarium wilt, ascochyta blight, botrytis grey mould and abiotic stresses like drought, heat and salinity were found to reduce the productivity, thereafter, these demands for development of high yielding early maturing chickpea varieties with resistance to various biotic and abiotic stresses. Due to the advent of molecular techniques and availability of highly polymorphic and co-dominant microsatellite and other molecular markers, development of genetic maps for chickpea has progressed significantly. Molecular markers are now considered better than morphological and physiological characters for being stable, unaffected by environmental influences and easily detectable irrespective of their growth and development stages. The mapping of genes / QTLs for various traits like flowering time, yield and yield related traits, resistance to fusarium wilt, ascochyta blight, BGM, drought, salinity, heat may be useful in developing improved varieties of chickpea besides deeper understanding of genetics underlying the inheritance of the characters. The knowledge on mapped genes / QTLs for various traits of interest could help in integration of genomics-assisted breeding through various approaches like Marker Assisted Back Crossing, introgression of superior alleles from wild species through Advanced Backcross QTL, Marker Assisted Recurrent Selection and Genome Wide Selection for improving chickpea.

Molecular Markers for Colorectal Cancer

Swiss Surgery ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 243-248
Author(s):  
Scheunemann ◽  
Hosch ◽  
Kutup ◽  
Izbicki
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Prospektive Studien ◽  
Therapeutische Konsequenzen

Die Einführung von immunhisto-/zytochemischen und molekularbiologischen bzw. zytogenetischen Methoden in der onkologische Forschung hat trotz vieler nach wie vor bestehender offener Fragen insgesamt zu einem besseren Verständnis der genetischen Ursachen der Tumorentstehung geführt. Darüber hinaus ergaben sich in verschiedenen Studien Hinweise für eine prognostische Relevanz von bestimmten (zyto)genetischen Veränderungen bzw. residualen Tumorzellen in Lymphknoten oder Knochenmark. Bevor diese Untersuchungen jedoch in den klinischen Alltag Einzug halten und therapeutische Konsequenzen abgeleitet werden können, sind weitere prospektive Studien mit groáen Patientenfallzahlen sowie vereinheitlichte und methodologisch praktikable Untersuchungstechniken zu fordern.

Advances in the treatment of non[ndash ]small cell lung cancer: Molecular markers take the stage

2001 ◽  
Vol 28 (1C) ◽  
pp. 28-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Rosell ◽  
Mark Green ◽  
Paul Gumerlock
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Small Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Small Cell Lung

Identifying Molecular Markers for the Sensitive Detection of Residual AT/RT Cells

2014 ◽  
Vol 226 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
T Vu-Han ◽  
MC Frühwald ◽  
M Hasselblatt ◽  
F Oyen ◽  
T Obser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Sensitive Detection
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