History of the Japanese National Character Survey (JNCS)

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Ryozo Yoshino
Keyword(s):  
National Character ◽  
History Of ◽  
Japanese National Character

Trust and National Character: Japanese Sense of Trust, Cross-National and Longitudinal Surveys

2005 ◽  
Vol 4 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 417-450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryozo Yoshino
Keyword(s):  
National Character ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Longitudinal Surveys ◽  
Response Data ◽  
History Of ◽  
Political Conditions ◽  
Questionnaire Surveys ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Japanese National Character ◽  
Cross National

AbstractThis paper overviews people's sense of trust as it is reflected in the response data of questionnaire surveys. I will study the variability of people's trust systems in order to explore the stability over time and the change due to the short-term changes of economic and political conditions. To begin with, I will explain briefly the history of our longitudinal and cross-national survey on national character. Secondly, I will summarize some aspects of people's sense of trust in our longitudinal survey of Japanese national character. Thirdly, I will present cross-national comparative analysis of trust in our seven-country survey and our East Asia survey. Fourthly, I will consider the acculturation of the Japanese immigrants in Brazil, Hawaii, and the West Coast of USA. Finally, I will provide some comments on cross-national scaling of trust for our future research.

Recent Literature in Church HistoryDictionnaire d'archéologie chrétienne et de liturgie. R. P. dom Fernand CabrolDie nachevangelischen Geschicke der bethanischcn Geschwister und die Lazarus-reliquien zu Andlau. Jos. RietschLehrbuch der Kirchengeschichte. Wilhelm Moeller , Hans Von SchubertKirchengeschichte für das evangelische Haus. Friederich Baum , Christian GeyerLives and Legends of the Evangelists, Apostles, and Other Early Saints. Arthur BellDie Versagung der kirchlichen Bestattungsfeier, ihre geschichtliche Entwickelung und gegenwärtige Bedeutung. W. ThümmelDie nestorianische Taufliturgie ins Deutsche übersetzt und unter Verwertung der neusten handschriftlichen Funde historisch-kritisch erforscht. G. DiettrichThe Papal Monarchy. William BarryThe Dawn of the Reformation. Herbert B. WorkmanDer authentische Text der Leipziger Disputation (1519): Aus bisher unbenutzen Quellen. Otto SeitzDie evangelischen Kirchenordnungen des XVI. Jahrhunderts. Emil SehlingDie Geschichte der Reformation in Goslar; nach dem Berichte der Akten im stadtischen Archive dargestellt. Dr. HölscherJohann von Leiden. Seine Persönlichkeit und seine Stellung im münsterschen Reiche. Heinrich DetmerDas bayerische Religionsedikt vom 10. Januar, 1803, und die Anfänge der protestantischen Landeskirche in Bayern. Theodor KoldeThe Influence of Christianity upon National Character as Illustrated by the Lives and Legends of the English Saints. William Holden HuttonThe Journal of John Wesley. John WesleyThe Heart of John Wesley's Journal. John Wesley , Percy Livingstone ParkerJohn Wesley's Journal. John WesleyJohn Wesley the Methodist. Methodist PreacherMakers of Methodism. W. H. WithrowThe Roots of Methodism. W. B. FitzgeraldWesley and His Preachers: Their Conquest of Britain. G. Holden PikeMethodism in Canada: Its Work and Its Story. Alexander SutherlandMethodismus in Amerika: Separatabdruck aus der Realencyclopädie für protestantische Theologie und Kirche. J. L. NueslenThe Presbyterians. C. L. ThompsonA Short History of American Presbyterianism. A. T. McGill , S. M. Hopkins , S. J. WilsonThe Baptists. Henry C. VedderWhat Baptists Stand for; And Gleanings in the Field of Baptist History. Alfred PhillipsSainte Clotilde. C. PoulinFather Marquette. Samuel Hedges

1904 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 198-218
Author(s):  
Eri B. Hulbert ◽  
Franklin Johnson ◽  
John W. Moncrief ◽  
Charles L. Biggs
Keyword(s):  
Recent Literature ◽  
National Character ◽  
John Wesley ◽  
Short History ◽  
Baptist History ◽  
The Reformation ◽  
History Of

The History of Emotions and Nationalism Studies: a Сognitive Turn in Contemporary Historiography

Istoriya ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (8 (106)) ◽  
pp. 0
Author(s):  
Olga Vorobieva
Keyword(s):  
Common Ground ◽  
Historical Sociology ◽  
National Character ◽  
History Of Emotions ◽  
Cognitive Studies ◽  
History Of ◽  
Individual Consciousness ◽  
The Common ◽  
Constructivist Approaches ◽  
The Relationship

The article considers the cognitive potential of the history of emotions in the study of nationalism in historiographical discussions of 1990—2000s. The authors analyze the works, which criticize constructivist approaches and problematize the relationship between nationalism, “national character”, “emotional mode” and everyday behavioral practices. Based on P. Bourdieu's concept of ‘habitus’ and its modification in N. Elias's historical sociology, the article highlights the common ground and productive interaction between histories of emotion and nationalism studies. This reciprocal movement is interpreted as a symptom of the search for a common conceptual platform and vocabulary for the mutual translation of their research practices. The authors believe that a productive trend within this dialogue could be a more active address to cognitive studies advocating a rethinking of the relationship between individual consciousness and collective regimes of knowledge-power of sentimental, modern and “post-modern” eras.

The Image of Petrushka in Russian Children’s Books of the 1920s — Early 1930s

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 424-435
Author(s):  
Dmitry V. Fomin
Keyword(s):  
Complete Loss ◽  
National Character ◽  
Children's Books ◽  
Main Character ◽  
Children’S Books ◽  
Book Art ◽  
Russian Culture ◽  
Source Studies ◽  
History Of ◽  
Visual Range

The image of Russian puppet theater’s main character, Petrushka, played an important role in the history of Russian culture and embodied some important features of the national character. His images are quite widely and variously represented on the pages of children’s books. At the beginning of the 20th century and in the first post-revolutionary years, publications about the adventures of Petrushka fulfilled an important mission: they recorded characteristic examples of folk art, preserved the memory of farcical performances, and supported the tradition of the art of “Petrushka makers”. The books served as manuals for novice puppeteers.In the 1920s — early 1930s, Petrushka continued to be one of the most popular characters of children’s books and aroused interest of many Russian writers and graphic artists. This indicates their desire to find a basis and support in the popular laughter culture, to continue its traditions, to bring elements of theatrical aesthetics into books.Using a complex of methods of book, art and source studies, the article aims to consider the transformation of the image of Petrushka in children’s books of the 1920s — early 1930s.The author draws attention to the significant differences between the literary component of such publications and their visual range. Writers, as a rule, sought to “re-educate” the areal joker and brawler, to ennoble his manners, modernize his appearance, and involve the popular character in solving actual ideological and pedagogical problems. Artists were more careful about the canonical, historically formed image of Petrushka, resisted too radical reinterpretation of it. Of particular interest in this regard are the illustrative cycles of I.S. Efimov, A.I. Sokolov-Asi, A.A. Radakov, V.M Konashevich, L.V. Popova, F.F. Kondratov.The best writers and artists of those years managed to preserve the most essential features of the character, breathe new life into him, save him from oblivion, from complete loss of identity, and pass him on to new generations of creators and readers of children’s books.

scholarly journals Priority values of the French axiological paradigm on the material of the most used French idioms

2021 ◽  
pp. 68-77
Author(s):  
L. V. Shapovalova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
National Character ◽  
French Language ◽  
A Value ◽  
National Values ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Value Hierarchy ◽  
Broad Understanding

The article examines and analyzes 10 of the 1,500 most commonly used French idioms from the site "Les expressions françaises décortiquées". Phraseological picture of the world plays an important role in cognition of the world around us, because it not only captures its phenomena in the language, but also adds to them connotations, which are manifested in the choice of words of a particular language register. The study of hierarchies of values, recorded in idioms, and ways of their representation allow us to build a value hierarchy in the French mentality and understand the main features of the French national character. We have a broad understanding of phraseology and consider idioms not only idioms, but also phraseological units, proverbs, sayings, winged expressions, speech stamps, because they all name a concept, are reproduced unchanged, and are stable phrases. The phraseological units, taken into the analysis, are allocated on frequency of addresses that allows to define a hierarchy of values in the French phraseological picture of the world. Each of the permanent statements, taken into the analysis, nominates one concept, and the frequency of appeals to them allows not only to understand their priority in the French mentality, but also to outline the features of the French national character. French national values are fixed in the selected phraseological units, and the relation to them is distinguished on the basis of connotations, the register of speech, the present euphemism, and metaphorization. It is interesting to trace the history of the considered phraseological units and lexical units in their structure, ways of entering the French language, numerous hypotheses that explain their meaning. These areas of research and identification of social strata, in which the idioms arose, show where the phenomena denominated by them were the most common, and the hierarchy of values recorded in them, in the French mentality.

The Predicament of National Character

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Blaustein
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual History ◽  
The United States ◽  
Second World War ◽  
National Character ◽  
Lonely Crowd ◽  
American Military ◽  
American Character ◽  
History Of ◽  
Henry Luce ◽  
Second World

“National character” has a curious history in the twentieth century. Margaret Mead wrote the first anthropological account of the United States in 1942, but the history of national character as a concept runs through social psychology and anthropology between the wars, the cultivation of “morale” during the Second World War, and the deployment of social science in postwar American military occupations. That history is the subject of this chapter: what “American character” revealed and obscured, both nationally and internationally. Mead was the Henry Luce of anthropology: her life and writings offer a miniature of the science of characterology in the American Century. The chapter begins as an institutional and intellectual history, but concludes with new readings of three postwar texts. Characterology was indeed a science, of a kind, but it was also an art. Ruth Benedict’s The Chrysanthemum and the Sword, a remote ethnography of Japan, is a parable of American power and its limits. Mead’s New Lives for Old, recounting her return to New Guinea in 1953, becomes a sermon about a Polynesian city upon a hill. David Riesman’s classic of sociology, The Lonely Crowd, closes one frontier of national character but opens another. To consider national character as narrative and ideology illuminates American character’s imprint on the world.

The nation and the South in the work of Rosario Romeo: A debate between John Dickie, Lucy Riall and Giuseppe Galasso: The idea of nation in Romeo

Modern Italy ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-84
Author(s):  
John Dickie ◽  
Lucy Riall ◽  
Giuseppe Galasso
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
Public Sphere ◽  
National Character ◽  
Political Climate ◽  
Italian History ◽  
The Public ◽  
Political Forces ◽  
History Of ◽  
Anglo American ◽  
The Public Sphere

The last seven or eight years have brought a flood of printer's ink dedicated to the issue of national identity in Italy. At the same time, the new political forces that have emerged since Tangentopoli have all, in various ways, contributed to the re-emergence of patriotism in the language of the public sphere. What would Rosario Romeo have said about this new cultural and political climate? How would he have sought to intervene? It seems likely that he would have turned his famously acerbic critical intelligence on many of the volumes published. A signi. cant number of them merely offer versions of the same old pathologizing version of Italian history, or even, ahistorically, of the Italian national character. All the Sicilian historian would have to do would be to dust off his criticisms of those Anglo-American and Marxist historians who portrayed Italy, in his view, as having had the ‘wrong’ history, of having certain aboriginal defects.

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