Psychodidactic foundations of the formation of adolescents' ability to understand lyric poetry

Problem and purpose. In the study of lyric works, there are tremendous opportunities to influence adolescents' personal formation, the development of their cognitive abilities, the enrichment of the value-semantic sphere. However, the insignificant progress of schoolchildren in understanding the lyrics during adolescence is noted, which is often a consequence of the dominance of didacticism in literature lessons. The research purpose is to determine the psychodidactic conditions for the development of adolescents' ability to understand lyric poetry. Methods. Theoretical and empirical methods were used in the study: operationalization of a theoretical construct, expert evaluation method, experimental research, qualitative analysis of written responses, statistical data processing (descriptive statistics, Kruskal-Wallis H test, Wilcoxon signed-rank test, Mann-Whitney U test). The total sample consisted of 311 students in grades 6-8 from four state general education schools in Moscow. Results. A system of psychodidactic principles and methods of developing adolescents' ability to understand lyric works has been created. The system is formed by the principles of open individuality, integrity, polylogueness, multidimensionality, value hierarchy. These principles are operationalized by highlighting the techniques for their practical implementation and are used as the basis for organizing the process of studying lyrics, as well as creating a psychodidactic textbook. The effectiveness of using the developed system for solving the problem was revealed: after training, the experimental group showed a statistically significantly higher level of understanding of poems, both in comparison with the results of the control group (p <0.01) and in comparison with their own results of initial diagnostics (p <0.001). Discussion and conclusion. In the course of the study, it was determined that psychodidactic conditions necessary for the formation of adolescents' ability to understand lyric poetry are, firstly, the organization of the process of studying lyrics based on the principles of open individuality, integrity, polylogueness, multidimensionality, value hierarchy; secondly, the inclusion of a psychodidactic textbook in the subject-subject interaction of the teacher and students, which determines the strategy and tactics of the activities modeled in it in the lessons of studying lyrics. The implementation of the specified conditions allows building the educational process taking into account the principles of adolescents' mental development, contributes to a significant interaction of a student with himself, the teacher, other students, the studied works.

SOCIAL-VALUE HIERARCHY OF ANIMALS IN KAZAKH TRADITIONAL SOCIETY

In the article, the authors examine the social-value hierarchy of animals in the Kazakh traditional society, which was characterized by an attitude towards animals, especially livestock, from the point of view of the greatest or least respect. Some of the animals were placed on the same level of the social hierarchy with humans. The Kazakhs have such a horse, which was the main animal not only in the economy, but also in the process of socialization of Kazakhs. In addition to the horse, in Kazakh traditional society, two birds had a special social and value status – the swan and the nightingale. This phenomenon was due to the nomadic way of life of the Kazakh people, which left an imprint on their consciousness, rituals, everyday life and artistic culture in general.

Non-Professional Investors' Judgments of the Reliability of Fair Value Estimates - The impact of Investor Mood

We study whether investor mood affects non-professional investors' judgments of the reliability of fair value estimates. In two experiments, we find that investor mood, which is a factor that is unrelated to the assessment of reliability across the fair value hierarchy, is associated with differences in the extent to which Level 1 fair values are perceived to be more reliable than Level 3 fair values. As mood becomes more positive, investors perceive greater differences in the extent to which Level 1 fair values are more reliable than Level 3 fair values. Importantly, we find that including brief definitions in the headings under which fair values are reported reduces the influence of mood over perceptions of reliability, and likely improves the effectiveness of fair value disclosures.

Counterfeit Fairness

This chapter discusses uncertainty as the other pillar of fatefulness and the sincere belief in the relative fairness of the Gaokao that continues to play an important ideological role. It investigates people's false confidence in their ability to see through state proclamations of educational fairness, emphasizing that little is considered holy in the post-belief society. It also highlights people's inflated view of their examination chances despite their cynicism. The chapter talks about the ostensible goals of the examination system in terms of modernization and urbanization, which are undermining the perception of the examination's fairness. It explains how people in rural areas experience the examination as something more determined and less fair as resources and human capital flow up the score-value hierarchy into the ever-widening cities.

Priority values of the French axiological paradigm on the material of the most used French idioms

The article examines and analyzes 10 of the 1,500 most commonly used French idioms from the site "Les expressions françaises décortiquées". Phraseological picture of the world plays an important role in cognition of the world around us, because it not only captures its phenomena in the language, but also adds to them connotations, which are manifested in the choice of words of a particular language register. The study of hierarchies of values, recorded in idioms, and ways of their representation allow us to build a value hierarchy in the French mentality and understand the main features of the French national character. We have a broad understanding of phraseology and consider idioms not only idioms, but also phraseological units, proverbs, sayings, winged expressions, speech stamps, because they all name a concept, are reproduced unchanged, and are stable phrases. The phraseological units, taken into the analysis, are allocated on frequency of addresses that allows to define a hierarchy of values in the French phraseological picture of the world. Each of the permanent statements, taken into the analysis, nominates one concept, and the frequency of appeals to them allows not only to understand their priority in the French mentality, but also to outline the features of the French national character. French national values are fixed in the selected phraseological units, and the relation to them is distinguished on the basis of connotations, the register of speech, the present euphemism, and metaphorization. It is interesting to trace the history of the considered phraseological units and lexical units in their structure, ways of entering the French language, numerous hypotheses that explain their meaning. These areas of research and identification of social strata, in which the idioms arose, show where the phenomena denominated by them were the most common, and the hierarchy of values recorded in them, in the French mentality.

Features of the value-semantic sphere of search and rescue volunteers

Studying the values and meanings that volunteers embody in their activities complements the description of volunteering with the participants’ subjective ideas. This makes it possible to increase the effectiveness of programs for attracting, training, and supporting volunteers. This article describes the results of a study of the value-semantic sphere of the search and rescue volunteers in comparison with professional rescuers. To assess the sustainability of the realization of personal values in volunteering, part of the study was conducted during the high-risk COVID-19 pandemic. 100 people participated in the research: 74 volunteers and 26 professional rescuers. Schwartz’s value questionnaire and Alfried Langle’s existence scale, as well as two questionnaires by the authors and interviews were used. The study revealed differences in the value hierarchy of volunteers and rescuers in terms of reputation values, interpersonal conformity and humility. The leading values for volunteers are independence of thought and action. The main reasons for volunteer’s actions are the desire to help, communication, emotional involvement in activities, and usefulness to society. Overall, there were insignificant changes in volunteering activity during the COVID-19 pandemic, but the value of maintaining the volunteer group’s activities gained additional meaning for volunteers.

Kontekstualisasi Penafsiran Ayat-Ayat Teror dalam Al-Qur’an

The phenomenon of the emergence of the terrorist movement can not be separated from the existence of radical groups in understanding Islam, the question is, is it true that violence and terrorism that emerged, were found from the text of the Qur'an itself, or it turns out the verses of the Qur'an ' Is it interpreted to legitimize all acts of terrorism that they commit for power? Many studies related to terrorism from the social, political, and theological aspects, however, this research tries to approach it using Abdullah Saeed's Contextual Approach theory which has never been done before. Contextual Approach which is translated in the framework of the value hierarchy theory initiated by Abdullah Saeed tries to explore and uncover the content of values ​​that exist in each Al-Qur'an text and at the same time also reveal the maghza (significance) of the text an-sich then find the contextualization relevant way.