Host Plant Influence on Haustorial Growth and Development of Indian Sandalwood (Santalum album)

2022 ◽  
pp. 229-244
Author(s):  
Delphy Rocha ◽  
A. V. Santhoshkumar
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Santalum Album

scholarly journals Pemanfaatan FMA dan Tanaman Inang untuk Meningkatkan Pertumbuhan Bibit Cendana (Santalum album Linn.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 151-159
Author(s):  
Magdalena Sunarti Pareira ◽  
Irdika Mansur ◽  
Dewi Wulandari
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Root System ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Root Colonization ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Santalum Album ◽  
Capsicum Annum ◽  
Root Buds

The sandalwood tree (Santalum album Linn.) is an important tree species as well as a primadonna for the people of East Nusa Tenggara (NTT). It has high economic value for its aromatic wood and essential oil content that have a very distinctive aroma used to make various products such as handicrafts, woodcarvings, incense, and oil for the perfume and cosmetics industry. Sandalwood is a semi parasite plant that part of its life phase requires a host plant to get the nutrients and water. There are many types of host plants that have been used, among others, Casuarina equisetifolia, Acacia mangium, Terminalia microcarpa, Sesbania grandiflora, Alternanthera sp and Capsicum annum. In this research will be tested to try sandalwood planted with Cymbopogon nardus host plants, in terms of economics can provide benefits.Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) is a group of fungi from glomeromycota phylum that can symbiosis mutualism with root system of high level plant. The working principle of the mycorrhiza is to infect the root system of the host plant, producing intensive hyphae tissue so that the plant containing mycorrhiza will be able to increase the capacity in nutrient uptake. The utilization of host plants Alternanthera sp, Capsicum annum, and its application with AMF is the best solution to overcome the problem of developing sandalwood in TTU on the nursery. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effectiveness of AMF and utilization of the atsiri host plant to increase the growth of sandalwood seedlings in TTU. This study was designed using a complete random method (RAL) in split plot design. If the treatment has a significant effect then followed by Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT). Parameters observed were height (cm), number of leaf, diameter of sandalwood (mm), dry weight of root, seed quality index, ratio of root buds, and haustorium observation of Sandalwood, and also number of spore, root colonization and AMF dependency of Sandalwood.The results showed that the treatment of AMF with Capsicum annum host plant was 19.8 of high, number of leaf 18.9 on FMA treatment with host plant Capsicum annum, diameter of stem 2.24 mm on Alternanthera sp host treatments without AMF and 1.83 mm at AMF treatment with host plant Capsicum annum, dry weight of buds 2.00g on AMF treatment with Capsicum annum host plant, dry weight of roots AMF (M1) with alternanthera sp 0.70 g, root buds ratio of AMF with host plant alternanthera sp 4.05, seed quality index AMF with Alternanthera sp 4.16 and 82 % of root colonization on AMF with host plant Capsicum annum.Keywords: Santalum album Linn., AMF, host plant.

scholarly journals Effect of Host Plants and Potting Mixture on Growth of Sandalwood Seedlings at Nursery Stage

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 545-549
Author(s):  
Shubhashree Sahu V. Maheswarappa ◽  
Ramakrishna Hegde N. Kencharaddi ◽  
B. N. Sathish
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Santalum Album ◽  
Planting Stock ◽  
Parasite Relationship ◽  
Aromatic Species ◽  
Collar Diameter ◽  
Host Parasite ◽  
Santalum Album L

Sandalwood (Santalum album L.) is one of the most valuable commercially cultivated aromatic species throughout the world. However, the availability of quality planting stock isthe current bottleneck in its establishment on large scale. The major problems, noticed during quality planting stock production in nurseries are scarce knowledge about host-parasite relationship and use of appropriate potting mixture apart from its seed germination. In this regard two experiments were carried out at the College of Forestry, Ponnampet during 2020-2021 to identify suitable host plant and potting mixture. Growth parameters were recorded after 90, 180 and 270 days of transplanting sandal seedlings into treatments. After 270 days of transplanting, the host plant A. lebbeck recorded higher survival of sandal seedlings (81.89 %) and the host plant C. junghuhniana had higher height growth (10.40 cm) with collar diameter 2.33mm. Potting mixture sand, soil, vermicompost, G. intraradices with C. Junghuhninana found effective for height (18.25 cm) and collar diameter (2.58 mm).

scholarly journals Pertumbuhan Bibit Cendana (Santalum album L.) dengan Inang Primer pada Intensitas Radiasi Berbeda

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 478-485
Author(s):  
Yudi Riadi FanggidaE ◽  
Impron Impron ◽  
Tania June
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Radiation Intensity ◽  
Santalum Album ◽  
Primary Host ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
The Right ◽  
Santalum Album L

The primary host of sandalwood seeds (Santalum album L.) which is widely used in the nursery process is Alternanthera sp. However, the local name given to this primary host is same as that given to Portulaca sp. The same local name for these two-different species may cause mistakes in the use of the primary host during the cultivating process of sandalwood. Meanwhile, the ability of the Portulaca sp. as the primary host is unknown. Information about the right radiation intensity of the sandalwood seedling is still limited. The study aims to analyze the growth of sandalwood seedlings grown with primary host of Alternanthera sp. and Portulaca sp. at different radiation intensities. The completely randomized design with two treatments factor were used, namely differences in shade levels (without shade, 25, 50, and 75%) and differences in the types of primary hosts. The result showed that the primary hosts of Alternanthera sp. have the best growth for sandalwood seeds compared to sandalwood seedlings planted with Portulaca sp. The shading must be adjusted to the type of primary host. Sandalwood seeds grown with Alternanthera sp. as primary hosts grow best at 50% and 75% paranet shade conditions, in radiation range of 9.86–12.17 MJ/m2/day. Sandalwood seeds planted with Portulaca sp. as a primary host grow best in 25% paranet shade, that is at average radiation of 13.62 MJ/m2/day. The use of Alternanthera sp. and shade provision (50–75%) is highly recommended in sandalwood seedlings.   Keywords: haustoria, hemiparasite, primary host plant, sandalwood, symbiosis

scholarly journals Effect of different host plants on growth and development of epilachna beetle

1970 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 403-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
MS Hossain ◽  
AB Khan ◽  
MA Haque ◽  
MA Mannan ◽  
CK Dash
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Bitter Gourd ◽  
Egg Hatching ◽  
Leaf Consumption ◽  
Sponge Gourd ◽  
Yardlong Bean ◽  
Epilachna Dodecastigma ◽  
Bean Leaves

An experiment was conducted to study the effect of four different host plants viz., teasel gourd, bitter gourd, sponge gourd, and yard long bean on the growth and development of Epilachna dodecastigma Wied under laboratory condition. The number of eggs laid by female beetle was significantly highest feeding on teasel gourd leaves and lowest on yardlong bean leaves. Egg hatching was faster on yardlong bean and delayed on bitter gourd. The host plant, such as sponge gourd produced the large sized larvae, while large pupa and adult were developed by feeding teasel leaves. The smallest larvae, pupae, and adults were found on the consumption of yardlong bean leaves. Highest larval duration was found on sponge gourd followed by bitter gourd and yardlong bean. Both larval and adult food consumption was highest on teasel gourd and lowest on yardlong bean. Considering the biological characteristics and leaf consumption, the plant teasel gourd appeared to be the best host plant for E. dodecastigma. Key Words: Host plant, growth and development, Epilachna dodecastigma, leaf consumption. DOI: 10.3329/bjar.v34i3.3965 Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 34(3) : 403-410, September 2009

scholarly journals ISOLASI DAN IDENTIFIKASI JAMUR RIZOSFER DARI TANAMAN DURIAN (Durio zibethinus Murr.) DI DESA BEMBAN, KECAMATAN SUNGAI KAKAP, PONTIANAK

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ristamora Simangunsong ◽  
Rahmawati Rahmawati ◽  
Mukarlina Mukarlina
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Host Plant ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Natural Sciences ◽  
Microbiology Laboratory ◽  
Plant Growth And Development ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Rhizosphere Fungi ◽  
Durio Zibethinus

Rhizosphere fungi play an important role in the process of plant growth and development. This fungi benefits the host plant in increasing it’s growth rate, resistance to pests, diseases and drought. This study aims to determine the genus members of the durian plant rhizosphere (Durio zibethinus Murr.). Sampling of rhizosphere was carried out at Durian Plantation in Bemban Village Sungai Kakap District, Pontianak. Isolation and identification were carried out in the Microbiology Laboratory, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Tanjungpura University in May 2018 until December 2018. The isolation results obtained 8 rhizosphere fungi isolates.There are member of genera Aureobasidium (JRSP1), Monascus (JRSP2), Trichoderma ( JRSP3), Aspergillus (JRS4), Penicillium (JRSP5), Rhizopus (JRSP6), Aspergillus (JRSP7), Penicillium (JRSP8).

GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF COMPSILURA CONCINNATA (MEIGAN) (DIPTERA: TACHINIDAE) PARASITIZING GYPSY MOTH LARVAE FEEDING ON TANNIN DIETS

1991 ◽  
Vol 123 (5) ◽  
pp. 1047-1055 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.S. Bourchier
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Tannic Acid ◽  
Gypsy Moth ◽  
Lymantria Dispar ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Peritrophic Membrane ◽  
Host Quality ◽  
Potential Fecundity ◽  
Compsilura Concinnata

AbstractAll larval instars of Compsilura concinnata (Meigan) (Diptera: Tachinidae) develop in the midgut of the gypsy moth [Lymantria dispar (L.) (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae)] between the peritrophic membrane and gut wall. Parasitoid larvae placed artificially in the host haemocoel quickly moved to this characteristic position. There was a positive relationship between parasitoid size, as measured by the weight of the puparium, and the potential fecundity of female flies. When C. concinnata parasitized third-instar larval hosts, there were fewer successful multiple emergences, parasitoid larvae took longer to develop, and puparia were significantly smaller than those of parasitoids attacking fifth-instar hosts.Gypsy moth larvae grew more slowly on diets supplemented with 0.5 and 2.5% tannic acid than on non-supplemented diets. Similarly, C. concinnata females were smaller (with associated reduction in fecundity) when emerging from hosts feeding on the tannin diets than when hosts were feeding on control diets. The effect of tannic acid on the parasitoid was indirect and was the result of a reduction in host quality on the tannin diets. Reduction in parasitoid fecundity associated with tritropic interactions (among the host plant, the gypsy moth, and the parasitoid) may provide a possible explanation for the irregular impact of C. concinnata on gypsy moth populations.

scholarly journals Role of Sulphate Transporter (PiSulT) of Endophytic Fungus Serendipita indica in Plant Growth and Development

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Om Prakash Narayan ◽  
Nidhi Verma ◽  
Abhimanyu Jogawat ◽  
Meenakshi Dua ◽  
Atul Kumar Johri
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Host Plant ◽  
Endophytic Fungus ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Major Facilitator Superfamily ◽  
Plant Growth And Development ◽  
Plant Metabolites ◽  
High Affinity ◽  
Growth Development

ABSTRACTSulfur is an important macronutrient required for the growth, development of plants and is a key component of many metabolic pathways. We have functionally characterized a high-affinity sulphate transporter (PiSulT) from an endophytic fungus Serendipita indica. The PiSulT belongs to the major facilitator superfamily (MFS) of membrane transporter. The PiSulT functionally complements the yeast sulphate transporter mutant HK14. PiSulT is a high-affinity sulphate transporter, having Km 15μM. We found enhanced expression of PiSulT in external fungal hyphae which helps the fungus in the acquisition of sulphate from the soil. When knockdown (KD)-PiSulT-P.indica colonized with the plant, it results in an 8-fold reduction in the transfer of sulphate to the colonized plants as compared to the plants colonized with the WT S. indica, which suggests that PiSulT is playing a role in sulphate transfer from soil to host plant. Further, plants colonized with the WT S. indica were found to be healthy in comparison to the plants colonized with the KD-PiSulT-P.indica. Additionally, S. indica colonization provides a positive effect on total sulfur content and on plant metabolites like sulfate ions and glutathione, particularly under low sulphate condition. We observed that the expression of sulfur assimilation pathway genes of S. indica and plant is dependent on the availability of sulphate and on the colonization with the plant. Our study highlights the importance of PiSulT in the improvement of sulfur nutrition of host plant particularly under low sulphate condition and in plant growth development. This study will open new vistas to use S. indica as a bio-fertilizer in the sulphate deficient field to improve crop production.One-Sentence SummaryHigh-affinity sulphate transporter of Serendipita indica (PiSulT) transfer sulphate from soil to plant under low sulphate condition and improve plant growth and development.

scholarly journals Insect galls of the Floresta da Cicuta (Volta Redonda, RJ, Brazil)

2018 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
Ismael Cividini Flor ◽  
Jandira Chacha Ribeiro Flor ◽  
Paulo Sérgio Do Nascimento Furtado
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
New Records ◽  
Plant Tissues ◽  
Associated Fauna ◽  
Insect Galls ◽  
Host Plant Species ◽  
Plant Families

Abstract. Insect galls of the Floresta da Cicuta (Volta Redonda, RJ, Brazil). Galls are changes in the pattern of growth and development of plant tissues or organs in response to the action of an inducing organism, usually an insect. The goal of the present study was to inventory the insect galls of the Floresta da Cicuta (Volta Redonda, RJ, Brazil). The collections were carried out along all the trails, totaling 16 hours of sampling. Forty-three morphotypes of insect galls were found in 24 plant species (18 genera and 15 families). Sapindaceae and Euphorbiaceae were the most richness host plant families. Six new records of host plant species are presented: Senefeldera verticillata (Vell.) Croizat. (Euphorbiaceae), Inga acuminata (Fabaceae), Ocotea elegans (Lauraceae), Ouratea stipulata (Ochnaceae), Psychotria nuda (Rubiaceae) and Cestrum intermedium (Solanaceae). Most of the galls occurred on leaves (n = 21) and stems (n = 18), followed by buds (n = 2), two gall morphotypes occurred simultaneously on leaves and stems. One-chambered galls were more frequent (n = 31), as well as glabrous galls (n = 33). The gallers belong to three insect orders: Diptera (Cecidomyiidae), Hemiptera, and Lepidoptera. The associated fauna comprised parasitoids (Hymenoptera), inquilines (Hemiptera and Coleoptera) and successors (Isoptera and Acari).

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