An in vitro method for the conservation and storage of garlic (Allium sativum) germplasm

1987 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. El-Gizawy ◽  
B. V. Ford-Lloyd
Keyword(s):  
Allium Sativum ◽  
In Vitro Method ◽  
And Storage

A in Vivo Assay for Standardizing Heparin Preparations

1979 ◽  
Vol 41 (03) ◽  
pp. 576-582
Author(s):  
A R Pomeroy
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Assays ◽  
British Pharmacopoeia ◽  
In Vitro Method ◽  
Standard Preparation ◽  
Reliable Estimation ◽  
Assay Procedure ◽  
Accuracy And Precision ◽  
Heparin Preparation

SummaryThe limitations of currently used in vitro assays of heparin have demonstrated the need for an in vivo method suitable for routine use.The in vivo method which is described in this paper uses, for each heparin preparation, four groups of five mice which are injected intravenously with heparin according to a “2 and 2 dose assay” procedure. The method is relatively rapid, requiring 3 to 4 hours to test five heparin preparations against a standard preparation of heparin. Levels of accuracy and precision acceptable for the requirements of the British Pharmacopoeia are obtained by combining the results of 3 to 4 assays of a heparin preparation.The similarity of results obtained the in vivo method and the in vitro method of the British Pharmacopoeia for heparin preparations of lung and mucosal origin validates this in vivo method and, conversely, demonstrates that the in vitro method of the British Pharmacopoeia gives a reliable estimation of the in vivo activity of heparin.

Aktivitas Antifungi Air Perasan Bawang Merah (Allium ascalonicum L.) Terhadap Candida albicans Secara In Vitro

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
Nurhasanah Nurhasanah ◽  
Fauzia Andrini ◽  
Yulis Hamidy
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Allium Sativum ◽  
Fungicidal Activity ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

Shallot (Allium ascalonicum L.) has been known as traditional medicine. Shallot which has same genus with garlic(Allium sativum L.) contains allicin that is also found in garlic and has been suspected has fungicidal activity toCandida albicans. It is supported by several researches. Therefore, shallot is suspected has antifungal activity too.The aim of this research was to know antifungal activity of shallot’s water extortion againsts Candida albicans invitro. This was a laboratory experimental research which used completely randomized design, with diffusion method.Shallot’s water extortion was devided into three concentrations, there were 50%, 100% and 200%. Ketoconazole 2%was positive control and aquadest was negative control. The result of this research based on analysis of varians(Anova), there was significant difference between several treatments and was confirmed with Duncan New MultipleRange Test (DNMRT) p<0,05, there was significant difference between 100% shallot’s water extortion with othertreatments, but there was no significant difference between 50% shallot’s water extortion with 200% shallot’s. Theconclusion was shallot’s water extortion had antifungal activity againsts Candida albicans with the best concentration100%, but it was lower than ketoconazole 2%.

In vitro method for teaching percutaneous vascular catheterization.

1991 ◽  
Vol 157 (5) ◽  
pp. 1125-1125
Author(s):  
D J Eschelman ◽  
A J Greenfield ◽  
D T Gibbens
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Method ◽  
Vascular Catheterization

An in Vitro Method for Measuring Ophthalmic Preservative Cytotoxicity

1986 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 309-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul S. Imperia ◽  
Hillard M. Lazarus ◽  
Roberte Botti ◽  
Jonathan H. Lass
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Method

Release of cyclic guanosine monophosphate evaluated as a diagnostic tool in cardiac diseases

1991 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 186-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karl-P Vorderwinkler ◽  
Eilka Artner-Dworzak ◽  
Gab Jakob ◽  
Johanne Mair ◽  
Franz Diensti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cyclic Guanosine Monophosphate ◽  
Guanosine Monophosphate ◽  
Cardiac Diseases ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Cutoff Value ◽  
Intracellular Cgmp ◽  
Glycerol Trinitrate ◽  
Clinical Measurements ◽  
And Storage

Abstract Concentrations of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) are increased in plasma of patients with impaired cardiac and renal function. The second messenger of ANP, cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), is released into the plasma specifically upon stimulation of cells with ANP. Although nitrates can also activate intracellular cGMP synthesis, we detected no increase in plasma cGMP concentrations after infusions of glycerol trinitrate. Because immunoreactive ANP is highly susceptible to degradation and nonspecific influences in blood samples, determinations of ANP require immediate centrifugation and storage of plasma at -20 degrees C. In contrast, we found that cGMP is stable for five days in vitro in blood samples containing EDTA. In 147 healthy blood donors, the upper cutoff value for plasma cGMP was 6.60 nmol/L, not significantly different (P greater than 0.05) from that for 222 patients with disorders other than cardiovascular and renal. In 69 patients with manifest congestive heart failure (NYHA stages II-IV), 65 had increased cGMP values. Using the above cutoff value for cGMP gave diagnostic sensitivity of 94.2% and specificity of 93.7%. Plasma cGMP may thus provide an alternative for routine clinical measurements of ANP in cardiac diseases in the absence of renal disorders.

In Vitro Method for Predicting Glycemic Index of Foods Using Simulated Digestion and an Artificial Neural Network

2010 ◽  
Vol 87 (4) ◽  
pp. 363-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert L. Magaletta ◽  
Suzanne N. DiCataldo ◽  
Dong Liu ◽  
Hong Laura Li ◽  
Rajendra P. Borwankar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Artificial Neural Network ◽  
Glycemic Index ◽  
In Vitro Method ◽  
Simulated Digestion ◽  
Artificial Neural

Effect of Domestic Processing and Cooking Methods on Total, HCl Extractable Iron and in vitro availability of Iron in Spinach and Amaranth Leaves

2002 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.K. Yadav ◽  
S. Sehgal
Keyword(s):  
Iron Content ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Total Iron ◽  
Cooking Methods ◽  
In Vitro Availability ◽  
Domestic Processing ◽  
Polyethylene Bags ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Extractable Iron

Spinach ( Spinacia oleracia) and amaranth ( Amaranthus tricolor) leaves were stored in polyethylene bags and without packing for 24 and 48 hours in a refrigerator at 5°C and 30°C in polyethylene bags. The fresh leaves were also dried (oven and sun), blanched (5, 10 and 15 min) and cooked in an open pan and a pressure cooker. The processed leaves were analysed for total iron, its availability and antinutrient content. The iron content of these leaves varied from 26.54 to 34.14 mg/l00g, dry weight and its HCl-extractability and in vitro availability were 62.11–67.18% and 3.03–3.97% of total respectively. Drying and storage had no significant effect on total iron content, Hel-extractability and availability ( in vitro), while blanching and cooking resulted in significant improvement of iron availability, and a significant reduction in oxalic acid content, while only blanching significantly reduced phytic acid and polyphenol contents. Thus cooking and blanching are good ways to improve HCl-extractability and in vitro availability of iron.

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