Effects of 6-hydroxydopamine on noradrenaline metabolism linked to neuronal uptake1 and extraneuronal uptake1 in dental pulp in vitro

1994 ◽  
Vol 350 (4) ◽  
pp. 352-355 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. A. S. Parker ◽  
V. Marino ◽  
J. Dally ◽  
I. S. de la Lande
Keyword(s):  
Dental Pulp ◽  
Noradrenaline Metabolism ◽  
Extraneuronal Uptake1 ◽  
6 Hydroxydopamine

Biological effect of Egyptian Propolis on BHK cell line and on dental pulp tissue (An In vitro And In vivo study)

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 2161-2170
Author(s):  
Marwa Moussa ◽  
Marwa Temirek
Keyword(s):  
Cell Line ◽  
Dental Pulp ◽  
Biological Effect ◽  
In Vivo Study ◽  
Pulp Tissue ◽  
Dental Pulp Tissue

Stem Cells Derived from Human Exfoliated Deciduous teeth [shed] in Neuronal Disorders: A Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minu Anoop ◽  
Indrani Datta
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Neurodegenerative Diseases ◽  
Dental Pulp ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Permanent Teeth ◽  
Deciduous Teeth ◽  
Proliferative Potential ◽  
Pulp Tissue ◽  
Human Exfoliated Deciduous Teeth

: Most conventional treatments for neurodegenerative diseases fail due to their focus on neuroprotection rather than neurorestoration. Stem cell‐based therapies are becoming a potential treatment option for neurodegenerative diseases as they can home in, engraft, differentiate and produce factors for CNS recovery. Stem cells derived from human dental pulp tissue differ from other sources of mesenchymal stem cells due to their embryonic neural crest origin and neurotrophic property. These include both dental pulp stem cells [DPSCs] from dental pulp tissues of human permanent teeth and stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth [SHED]. SHED offer many advantages over other types of MSCs such as good proliferative potential, minimal invasive procurement, neuronal differentiation and neurotrophic capacity, and negligible ethical concerns. The therapeutic potential of SHED is attributed to the paracrine action of extracellularly released secreted factors, specifically the secretome, of which exosomes is a key component. SHED and its conditioned media can be effective in neurodegeneration through multiple mechanisms, including cell replacement, paracrine effects, angiogenesis, synaptogenesis, immunomodulation, and apoptosis inhibition, and SHED exosomes offer an ideal refined bed-to-bench formulation in neurodegenerative disorders. However, in spite of these advantages, there are still some limitations of SHED exosome therapy, such as the effectiveness of long-term storage of SHED and their exosomes, the development of a robust GMP-grade manufacturing protocol, optimization of the route of administration, and evaluation of the efficacy and safety in humans. In this review, we have addressed the isolation, collection and properties of SHED along with its therapeutic potential on in vitro and in vivo neuronal disorder models as evident from the published literature.

scholarly journals 22(R)-hydroxycholesterol for dopaminergic neuronal specification of MSCs and amelioration of Parkinsonian symptoms in rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Manisha Singh ◽  
Manish Jain ◽  
Samrat Bose ◽  
Ashutosh Halder ◽  
Tapas Chandra Nag ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Dental Pulp ◽  
Neuronal Cells ◽  
Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Wistar Rat ◽  
Human Mscs ◽  
In Vitro Differentiation

AbstractOxysterols play vital roles in the human body, ranging from cell cycle regulation and progression to dopaminergic neurogenesis. While naïve human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) have been explored to have neurogenic effect, there is still a grey area to explore their regenerative potential after in vitro differentiation. Hence, in the current study, we have investigated the neurogenic effect of 22(R)-hydroxycholesterol (22-HC) on hMSCs obtained from bone marrow, adipose tissue and dental pulp. Morphological and morphometric analysis revealed physical differentiation of stem cells into neuronal cells. Detailed characterization of differentiated cells affirmed generation of neuronal cells in culture. The percentage of generation of non-DA cells in the culture confirmed selective neurogenic potential of 22-HC. We substantiated the efficacy of these cells in neuro-regeneration by transplanting them into Parkinson’s disease Wistar rat model. MSCs from dental pulp had maximal regenerative effect (with 80.20 ± 1.5% in vitro differentiation efficiency) upon transplantation, as shown by various behavioural examinations and immunohistochemical tests. Subsequential analysis revealed that 22-HC yields a higher percentage of functional DA neurons and has differential effect on various tissue-specific primary human MSCs. 22-HC may be used for treating Parkinson’s disease in future with stem cells.

scholarly journals Upregulation of ETV2 Expression Promotes Endothelial Differentiation of Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 096368972097873
Author(s):  
Jing Li ◽  
Youming Zhu ◽  
Na Li ◽  
Tao Wu ◽  
Xianyu Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Expression ◽  
Dental Pulp ◽  
Tube Formation ◽  
Endothelial Differentiation ◽  
Cell Source ◽  
Lentiviral Infection ◽  
Mrna And Protein Expression ◽  
Human Dental Pulp

The lack of vasculogenesis often hampers the survivability and integration of newly engineered tissue grafts within the host. Autologous endothelial cells (ECs) are an ideal cell source for neovascularization, but they are limited by their scarcity, lack of proliferative capacity, and donor site morbidity upon isolation. The objective of this study was to determine whether differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) into the endothelial lineage can be enhanced by recombinant ETV2 overexpression. DPSCs were extracted from fresh dental pulp tissues. ETV2 overexpression in DPSCs was achieved by lentiviral infection and cellular morphological changes were evaluated. The mRNA and protein expression levels of endothelial-specific markers were assessed through quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, western blot, immunofluorescence staining, and flow cytometry. The tube formation assay and Matrigel plug assay were also performed to evaluate the angiogenic potential of the ETV2-transduced cells in vitro and in vivo, respectively. Additionally, proteomic analysis was performed to analyze global changes in protein expression following ETV2 overexpression. After lentiviral infection, ETV2-overexpressing DPSCs showed endothelial-like morphology. Compared with control DPSCs, significantly higher mRNA and protein expression levels of endothelial-specific genes, including CD31, VE-Cadherin, VEGFR1, and VEGFR2, were detected in ETV2-overexpressing DPSCs. Moreover, ETV2 overexpression enhanced capillary-like tube formation on Matrigel in vitro, as well as neovascularization in vivo. In addition, comparative proteomic profiling showed that ETV2 overexpression upregulated the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptors, which was indicative of increased VEGF signaling. Taken together, our results indicate that ETV2 overexpression significantly enhanced the endothelial differentiation of DPSCs. Thus, this study shows that DPSCs can be a promising candidate cell source for tissue engineering applications.

Comparing the osteogenic potential of schneiderian membrane and dental pulp mesenchymal stem cells: an in vitro study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antoine Berbéri ◽  
Joseph Sabbagh ◽  
Rita Bou Assaf ◽  
Michella Ghassibe-Sabbagh ◽  
Fatima Al-Nemer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Dental Pulp ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
Osteogenic Potential ◽  
Schneiderian Membrane

scholarly journals Neuroprotective Potential of a Small Molecule RET Agonist in Cultured Dopamine Neurons and Hemiparkinsonian Rats

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
Juho-Matti Renko ◽  
Arun Kumar Mahato ◽  
Tanel Visnapuu ◽  
Konsta Valkonen ◽  
Mati Karelson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mapk Signaling ◽  
Dopamine Neurons ◽  
Dopamine Depletion ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Disease Modifying Therapy ◽  
Immortalized Cells ◽  
Midbrain Dopamine ◽  
6 Hydroxydopamine

Background: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive neurological disorder where loss of dopamine neurons in the substantia nigra and dopamine depletion in the striatum cause characteristic motor symptoms. Currently, no treatment is able to halt the progression of PD. Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) rescues degenerating dopamine neurons both in vitro and in animal models of PD. When tested in PD patients, however, the outcomes from intracranial GDNF infusion paradigms have been inconclusive, mainly due to poor pharmacokinetic properties. Objective: We have developed drug-like small molecules, named BT compounds that activate signaling through GDNF’s receptor, the transmembrane receptor tyrosine kinase RET, both in vitro and in vivo and are able to penetrate through the blood-brain barrier. Here we evaluated the properties of BT44, a second generation RET agonist, in immortalized cells, dopamine neurons and rat 6-hydroxydopamine model of PD. Methods: We used biochemical, immunohistochemical and behavioral methods to evaluate the effects of BT44 on dopamine system in vitro and in vivo. Results: BT44 selectively activated RET and intracellular pro-survival AKT and MAPK signaling pathways in immortalized cells. In primary midbrain dopamine neurons cultured in serum-deprived conditions, BT44 promoted the survival of the neurons derived from wild-type, but not from RET knockout mice. BT44 also protected cultured wild-type dopamine neurons from MPP +-induced toxicity. In a rat 6-hydroxydopamine model of PD, BT44 reduced motor imbalance and could have protected dopaminergic fibers in the striatum. Conclusion: BT44 holds potential for further development into a novel, possibly disease-modifying therapy for PD.

scholarly journals Dental Pulp-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Modeling Genetic Disorders

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 2269
Author(s):  
Keiji Masuda ◽  
Xu Han ◽  
Hiroki Kato ◽  
Hiroshi Sato ◽  
Yu Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Dental Pulp ◽  
Genetic Disorders ◽  
In Vitro Models ◽  
High Plasticity ◽  
Human Teeth ◽  
Clinical Diagnoses ◽  
Models Of Disease

A subpopulation of mesenchymal stem cells, developmentally derived from multipotent neural crest cells that form multiple facial tissues, resides within the dental pulp of human teeth. These stem cells show high proliferative capacity in vitro and are multipotent, including adipogenic, myogenic, osteogenic, chondrogenic, and neurogenic potential. Teeth containing viable cells are harvested via minimally invasive procedures, based on various clinical diagnoses, but then usually discarded as medical waste, indicating the relatively low ethical considerations to reuse these cells for medical applications. Previous studies have demonstrated that stem cells derived from healthy subjects are an excellent source for cell-based medicine, tissue regeneration, and bioengineering. Furthermore, stem cells donated by patients affected by genetic disorders can serve as in vitro models of disease-specific genetic variants, indicating additional applications of these stem cells with high plasticity. This review discusses the benefits, limitations, and perspectives of patient-derived dental pulp stem cells as alternatives that may complement other excellent, yet incomplete stem cell models, such as induced pluripotent stem cells, together with our recent data.

scholarly journals Alleviation of Oxidative Stress in Dental Pulp Cells Following 4-Hexylresorcinol Administration in a Rat Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 3637
Author(s):  
Jun-Ho Chang ◽  
Dae-Won Kim ◽  
Seong-Gon Kim ◽  
Tae-Woo Kim
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Dental Pulp ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Mandibular Incisor ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Pulp Cells ◽  
Pre Treatment

Damaged dental pulp undergoes oxidative stress and 4-hexylresorcinol (4HR) is a well-known antioxidant. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effects of a 4HR ointment on damaged dental pulp. Pulp cells from rat mandibular incisor were cultured and treated with 4HR or resveratrol (1–100 μM). These treatments (10–100 μM) exerted a protective effect during subsequent hydrogen peroxide treatments. The total antioxidant capacity and glutathione peroxidase activity were significantly increased following 4HR or resveratrol treatment (p < 0.05), while the expression levels of TNF-α and IL1β were decreased following the exposure to 4HR pre-treatment in an in vitro model. Additionally, the application of 4HR ointment in an exposed dental pulp model significantly reduced the expression of TNF-α and IL1β (p < 0.05). Conclusively, 4HR exerted protective effects against oxidative stress in dental pulp tissues through downregulating TNF-α and IL1β.

scholarly journals Similar Features, Different Behaviors: A Comparative In Vitro Study of the Adipogenic Potential of Stem Cells from Human Follicle, Dental Pulp, and Periodontal Ligament

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 738
Author(s):  
Melissa D. Mercado-Rubio ◽  
Erick Pérez-Argueta ◽  
Alejandro Zepeda-Pedreguera ◽  
Fernando J. Aguilar-Ayala ◽  
Ricardo Peñaloza-Cuevas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Dental Pulp ◽  
Periodontal Ligament ◽  
Adipogenic Differentiation ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Dental Tissue ◽  
Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells ◽  
Differentiation Potential

Dental tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (DT-MSCs) are a promising resource for tissue regeneration due to their multilineage potential. Despite accumulating data regarding the biology and differentiation potential of DT-MSCs, few studies have investigated their adipogenic capacity. In this study, we have investigated the mesenchymal features of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs), as well as the in vitro effects of different adipogenic media on these cells, and compared them to those of periodontal ligament stem cells (PLSCs) and dental follicle stem cells (DFSCs). DFSC, PLSCs, and DPSCs exhibit similar morphology and proliferation capacity, but they differ in their self-renewal ability and expression of stemness markers (e.g OCT4 and c-MYC). Interestingly, DFSCs and PLSCs exhibited more lipid accumulation than DPSCs when induced to adipogenic differentiation. In addition, the mRNA levels of adipogenic markers (PPAR, LPL, and ADIPOQ) were significantly higher in DFSCs and PLSCs than in DPSCs, which could be related to the differences in the adipogenic commitment in those cells. These findings reveal that the adipogenic capacity differ among DT-MSCs, features that might be advantageous to increasing our understanding about the developmental origins and regulation of adipogenic commitment.

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