Acceptability and viscosity of low cost home processed supplementary foods developed for preschool children

Ready to eat supplementary foods were made from different combinations of wheat flour, chickpea flour and full fat soy flour with and without fortification of 10% skimmed milk powder and subjected to sensory evaluation. The results ranged of 6.0 to 8.5 for without fortification of 10% skimmed milk powder. However, these values more or same with the product fortified with 10% skimmed milk powder. It showed that wheat flour with 20 per cent, soy flour could be considered the best because all the sensory quality characteristics of the product were acceptable. As compared to chickpea flour and combined product chickpea and soy flour, the soy flour product has higher consumer acceptability than others. At higher concentration of soy flour, there was a slight decrease in the sensory quality.

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Acceptability and viscosity of low cost home processed supplementary foods developed for pre-school children

Plant Foods for Human Nutrition ◽

10.1007/bf01088427 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 46 (4) ◽

pp. 287-297 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

S. Dahiya ◽

A. C. Kapoor

Keyword(s):

School Children ◽

Low Cost ◽

Supplementary Foods

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Considerations for development of low-cost supplementary foods for lactating women in India – a review

Nutrition & Food Science ◽

10.1108/nfs-02-2020-0036 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽

Author(s):

Sandeep Kaur ◽

Vikas Kumar ◽

Satish Kumar ◽

Sheenam Suri ◽

Jaspreet Kaur

Keyword(s):

Low Cost ◽

Economic Status ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Food Products ◽

Food Supplements ◽

Lactating Women ◽

Content Type ◽

Fortified Food ◽

Supplementary Foods

Purpose Malnutrition is a serious public health problem, which occurs because of an inadequate supply of nutrients and therefore affects many children and women (especially pregnant and lactating women of low economic class) worldwide. There is a great need to develop cost-effective fortified food supplements to overcome this problem. Therefore, this study aims to examine the factors that should be considered in the development of low-cost supplementary foods for breastfeeding women. Design/methodology/approach A wide variety of relevant publications were identified through search in electronic databases (ScienceDirect, PubMed, SciELO, Google Scholar, SpringerLink and ResearchGate) based on different keywords such as malnutrition, specific considerations, supplementary foods and breastfeeding women, which were published before 2020. After looking for adequate literature, 71 articles were examined, which provided an overview of these aspects. Findings Various food supplements and food products already available in the market are generally expensive and go beyond the purchasing power of lower- or middle-class families. Traditionally, efforts have been made to prepare such supplements at home, but the composition of these products varies based on the economic status of consumers. Therefore, the nutritional status is clearly compromised because of the low standard of living, which requires a great need to develop low-cost nutritious food products, accessible to all and that meet the appropriate nutritional, sensory and economic attributes without ignoring the regulatory guidelines. Originality/value This review is majorly focused on the specific considerations, alternative sources, ensuring nutritional and sensorial attributes and economic aspects for the development of supplementary low-cost food products for breastfeeding women with the goal of eliminating malnutrition.

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Community based descriptive study on assessment of nutritional status among preschool children Pullipakkam village, Tamil Nadu

International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health ◽

10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20181703 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (5) ◽

pp. 1945

Author(s):

Gladius Jennifer H. ◽

Archana Lakshmi P. A.

Keyword(s):

Preschool Children ◽

Nutritional Status ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Tamil Nadu ◽

Low Cost ◽

Simple Random Sampling ◽

Indian Children ◽

Chi Square ◽

Under Nutrition ◽

Balanced Diet

Background: Nutrition assessment is to obtain precise information on the prevalence of nutritional problems and identification of individuals at risk. 25.7% of Indian children under five years were underweight and 28.6% were stunted due to chronic under nutrition, India accounts for more than 3 out of 10 stunted children in the world. Under nutrition is substantially higher in rural areas. Hence, this study conducted. The objective of the study was to assess the nutritional status of preschool children (1-5 years) in Pullipakkam, field practice area of KIMSRC.Methods: An observational study conducted in Pullipakkam from January 2017 to February 2017. 75 children aged 1–5 years were selected by simple random sampling. After getting informed consent from parents, Data were collected using structured questionnaire by interview method. Chi square test at 5% α were calculated by using SPSS 20V.Results: Among 75 children, stunting (52.8%), wasting (62.3%), mid arm circumference less for age (13.3%). 73% had inadequate calories intake. There was no significant association (p>0.05).Conclusions: The nutritional status of the children usually remains under question. Parents have to be properly health educated on balanced diet with locally available low cost foods has to given.

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Survival analysis of ART restorations in primary molars of preschool children: 1 year follow-up

Revista de Odontologia da UNESP ◽

10.1590/1807-2577.03318 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 47 (2) ◽

pp. 112-118

Author(s):

Marcia Falleiros Evangelista da ROCHA ◽

Mitsue FUJIMAKI ◽

Renata Corrêa PASCOTTO ◽

Lucila Lemuch Castilho MENDES ◽

Carla Martins LACERDA ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Survival Analysis ◽

Preschool Children ◽

Clinical Performance ◽

Low Cost ◽

Survival Rates ◽

Class I ◽

Rank Test ◽

Atraumatic Restorative Treatment ◽

Posterior Teeth

Abstract Among the minimally invasive approaches available today, the atraumatic restorative treatment (ART) has demonstrated promising results both in the primary and permanent dentition. Objective To evaluate the survival of Class I ART restorations in preschoolers with two Brazilian brands of glass ionomer cements (GIC) in comparison with a reference GIC. Material and method The cavities of 49 preschool children (three to five years) with carious lesions in the posterior teeth (N=81) were filled by two experienced pediatric dentists according to the ART technique. The Brazilian GICs Maxxion-R (MR) and Vitro-Fil LC (VF), and the reference GIC Ketac-Molar (KM) were placed in a randomly pre-established sequence. Restorations were evaluated after 6 and 12 months by another investigator. Scores 0 and 1 were considered successful, while scores 3-9 were classified as failures. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and the log-rank test were performed (p<0.05). Result No statistically significant differences in survival rates of the tested GIC were observed after 12 months. Conclusion The clinical performance the low-cost Brazilian GICs MR and VF observed after 12 months suggests that they may be an alternative for Class I ART restorations to safeguard the natural exfoliation of primary teeth. However, until further studies involving a larger number of restorations and longer follow-up periods are conducted, reference GIC such as KM should continue to be the material of choice for ART restorations.

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Decomposition of the metastable beta titanium alloy Ti-15-3

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100075117 ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 41 ◽

pp. 264-265

Author(s):

Y. L. Chen ◽

S. Fujlshiro

Keyword(s):

Low Cost ◽

High Strength ◽

Alpha Phase ◽

Thick Sheet ◽

Omega Phase ◽

Beta Titanium Alloy ◽

Beta Titanium ◽

Beta Matrix ◽

Metastable Beta ◽

Very High

Metastable beta titanium alloys have been known to have numerous advantages such as cold formability, high strength, good fracture resistance, deep hardenability, and cost effectiveness. Very high strength is obtainable by precipitation of the hexagonal alpha phase in a bcc beta matrix in these alloys. Precipitation hardening in the metastable beta alloys may also result from the formation of transition phases such as omega phase. Ti-15-3 (Ti-15V- 3Cr-3Al-3Sn) has been developed recently by TIMET and USAF for low cost sheet metal applications. The purpose of the present study was to examine the aging characteristics in this alloy.The composition of the as-received material is: 14.7 V, 3.14 Cr, 3.05 Al, 2.26 Sn, and 0.145 Fe. The beta transus temperature as determined by optical metallographic method was about 770°C. Specimen coupons were prepared from a mill-annealed 1.2 mm thick sheet, and solution treated at 827°C for 2 hr in argon, then water quenched. Aging was also done in argon at temperatures ranging from 316 to 616°C for various times.

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Chromic Acid Etching of Polyethylene

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100070801 ◽

1973 ◽

Vol 31 ◽

pp. 72-73

Author(s):

J. D. Muzzy ◽

R. D. Hester ◽

J. L. Hubbard

Keyword(s):

Chromic Acid ◽

Low Cost ◽

Acid Etching ◽

Crystalline Morphology ◽

Bulk Specimen ◽

Morphological Studies ◽

Perfect Form ◽

Molecular Length ◽

Lamellar Texture ◽

Cost Studies

Polyethylene is one of the most important plastics produced today because of its good physical properties, ease of fabrication and low cost. Studies to improve the properties of polyethylene are leading to an understanding of its crystalline morphology. Polyethylene crystallized by evaporation from dilute solutions consists of thin crystals called lamellae. The polyethylene molecules are parallel to the thickness of the lamellae and are folded since the thickness of the lamellae is much less than the molecular length. This lamellar texture persists in less perfect form in polyethylene crystallized from the melt.Morphological studies of melt crystallized polyethylene have been limited due to the difficulty of isolating the microstructure from the bulk specimen without destroying or deforming it.

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Glass Knife Geometry as Seen by the SEM

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100066322 ◽

1971 ◽

Vol 29 ◽

pp. 454-455

Author(s):

J. Temple Black

Keyword(s):

Low Cost ◽

Amorphous Material ◽

Stress Concentrations ◽

Basic Tool ◽

Tool Materials ◽

Optical Inspection ◽

Surface Flaws ◽

Slip Planes ◽

Glass Knife ◽

Diamond Knife

In ultramicrotomy, the two basic tool materials are glass and diamond. Glass because of its low cost and ease of manufacture of the knife itself is still widely used despite the superiority of diamond knives in many applications. Both kinds of knives produce plastic deformation in the microtomed section due to the nature of the cutting process and microscopic chips in the edge of the knife. Because glass has no well defined slip planes in its structure (it's an amorphous material), it is very strong and essentially never fails in compression. However, surface flaws produce stress concentrations which reduce the strength of glass to 10,000 to 20,000 psi from its theoretical or flaw free values of 1 to 2 million psi. While the microchips in the edge of the glass or diamond knife are generally too small to be observed in the SEM, the second common type of defect can be identified. This is the striations (also termed the check marks or feathers) which are always present over the entire edge of a glass knife regardless of whether or not they are visable under optical inspection. These steps in the cutting edge can be observed in the SEM by proper preparation of carefully broken knives and orientation of the knife, with respect to the scanning beam.

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