Absorption characteristics of ammonia-water system in the cylindrical tube absorber

2002 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ki-Bong Lee ◽  
Byung-Hee Chun ◽  
Jae-Cheol Lee ◽  
Chan-Jin Park ◽  
Sung-Hyun Kim
Keyword(s):  
Water System ◽  
Cylindrical Tube ◽  
Ammonia Water ◽  
Absorption Characteristics

Development of a Novel Combined Absorption Cycle for Power Generation and Refrigeration

2006 ◽  
Vol 129 (3) ◽  
pp. 254-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Na Zhang ◽  
Noam Lior
Keyword(s):  
Water System ◽  
Rankine Cycle ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Utilization Efficiency ◽  
Cycle Performance ◽  
Base Case ◽  
Ammonia Water ◽  
Energy And Exergy ◽  
The Impact

Cogeneration can improve energy utilization efficiency significantly. In this paper, a new ammonia-water system is proposed for the cogeneration of refrigeration and power. The plant operates in a parallel combined cycle mode with an ammonia-water Rankine cycle and an ammonia refrigeration cycle, interconnected by absorption, separation, and heat transfer processes. The performance was evaluated by both energy and exergy efficiencies, with the latter providing good guidance for system improvement. The influences of the key parameters, which include the basic working solution concentration, the cooling water temperature, and the Rankine cycle turbine inlet parameters on the cycle performance, have been investigated. It is found that the cycle has a good thermal performance, with energy and exergy efficiencies of 27.7% and 55.7%, respectively, for the base-case studied (having a maximum cycle temperature of 450°C). Comparison with the conventional separate generation of power and refrigeration having the same outputs shows that the energy consumption of the cogeneration cycle is markedly lower. A brief review of desirable properties of fluid pairs for such cogeneration cycles was made, and detailed studies for finding new fluid pairs and the impact of their properties on cogeneration system performance are absent and are very recommended.

High-pressure / High-temperature Behavior of the Methane-Ammonia- Water System up to 3 GPa

2006 ◽  
Vol 61 (12) ◽  
pp. 1573-1576 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Kurnosov ◽  
Leonid Dubrovinsky ◽  
Alexei Kuznetsov ◽  
Vladimir Dmitriev
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Melting Temperature ◽  
Water System ◽  
Hydrate Formation ◽  
Clathrate Hydrates ◽  
Ammonia Water ◽  
High Pressure High Temperature ◽  
In Situ Experiments ◽  
Diamond Anvil ◽  
Methane Clathrate

Melting phase relations in the methane-ammonia-water system up to 3 GPa have been obtained in a series of in situ experiments in externally heated diamond anvil cells. The melting temperature of methane clathrate hydrates increases rapidly above pressures of ~ 1.5 GPa, and does not appear to be significantly affected by the presence of ammonia. The reaction of the hydrate formation at pressures 2 - 3 GPa is kinetically impeded. Our data show that the high-pressure methane hydrate has the maximum melting temperature among the clathrate hydrates studied so far.

Experimental and Analytical Investigation of Ammonia Absorption into Ammonia-Water Solution: Estimated Interface Concentration

2010 ◽  
Vol 297-301 ◽  
pp. 785-789
Author(s):  
Hatem Mustafa
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Difference ◽  
Water Solution ◽  
Water System ◽  
Initial Pressure ◽  
Test Cell ◽  
Major Influence ◽  
Ammonia Vapor ◽  
Ammonia Water ◽  
Interface Concentration ◽  
Ammonia Absorption

Ammonia absorption process of ammonia vapor into ammonia water solution has been investigated experimentally, by inserting superheated ammonia vapor into a test cell containing a stagnant pool of ammonia water solution of several ammonia mass fractions, Ci. Before commencing the experiment, the pressure in the test cell corresponds to the equilibrium vapor of the ammonia-water system at room temperature. When the valve is opened, mechanical equilibrium is established quickly and the ammonia vapor diffuses into ammonia solution [1]. The difference between the initial pressure in the vapor cylinder and the initial pressure in the test cell ΔPi is found to have a major influence not only on the absorption rate but also on the estimated interface concentration. The interface concentration Cint of the cases ΔPi = 50 and 100 kPa exhibits a similar tendency, Cint decreases rapidly compared to other initial pressures ΔPi = 150 and 200 kPa. On the other hand, the interface concentration Cint of the cases ΔPi = 250 and 300 kPa are increasing within about 50 sec, then are hardly changing with time. They behave almost in a similar way as of Cint = 0.27 kg/kg. A correlation which gives the total absorbed mass of ammonia as a function of the initial concentration, the initial pressure difference and time is derived. In addition, the absorbed mass at no pressure difference could be estimated from the absorbed mass at initial pressure difference.

scholarly journals A Cylindrical Crash Absorber with Discontinuous Protrusions and Its Manufacture Using a Successive Partial Rubber-Bulging Method

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (22) ◽  
pp. 10892
Author(s):  
Di Liang ◽  
Wenhao Xu ◽  
Jieliang Feng ◽  
Wei Zhao ◽  
Naoki Kawada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Absorption ◽  
Impact Energy ◽  
Peak Load ◽  
Cylindrical Tube ◽  
Plastic Forming ◽  
Absorption Performance ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Multiple Particle ◽  
Initial Peak ◽  
Absorption Characteristics

In an effort to improve impact energy-absorption characteristics, this study introduces a cylindrical crash absorber (CAP) with discontinuous protrusions and a continuous local-expansion plastic-forming method for its manufacture. The mechanical properties of the cylindrical energy-absorption structure were modified by installing multiple particle protrusions on the cylinder sidewall to reduce the initial pickup load and improve the impact energy-absorption performance. To facilitate manufacture of the proposed CAP, a cylindrical rubber piece was placed into a cylindrical tube and pressure was applied to the rubber from both ends of the tube. The CAP was formed by the bulging force of the rubber. The formability was verified by developing a successive local bulge-forming experimental device and comparing the manufactured CAP with the results of numerical simulations. Testing of quasi-static collapse conducted on a CAP manufactured using this device verified the effectiveness of the proposed CAP design and its plastic-forming method. It was determined that this design reduced the initial peak load, and the crash absorber could maintain stability over a long, continuous distance during crushing deformation.

scholarly journals Gas hydrates at high pressure

2014 ◽  
Vol 70 (a1) ◽  
pp. C900-C900
Author(s):  
J. Loveday ◽  
C. Bull ◽  
A. Frantzana ◽  
C. Wilson ◽  
D. Amos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
High Pressure ◽  
Gas Hydrates ◽  
Water System ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Ammonia Water ◽  
Fundamental Insight ◽  
Gas Interactions ◽  
Water Gas ◽  
And Storage

The behaviour of gas hydrates at high pressure is of wide interest and importance. Gas hydrates are stablised by water-gas repulsive interactions. Information on the effect of changing density on these water-gas interactions provides fundamental insight into the nature of the water potential. Gas hydrates are also widely found in nature and systems like the ammonia-water and methane-water systems form the basis of 'mineralogy' of planetary bodies like Saturn's moon Titan. Finally, gas hydrates offer the possibility of cheap environmentally inert transportation and storage for gases like carbon dioxide and hydrogen. We have been carrying out investigations of a range of gas hydrates at high pressure using neutron and x-ray diffraction as well as other techniques. Results from these studies including; the phase diagram of the ammonia water system, the occupancies of hexgonal clathrate structures, and new structures in the carbon dioxide water system, will be presented.

Product distributions in the carbon dioxide-ammonia-water system from liquid conductivity measurements

1992 ◽  
Vol 31 (9) ◽  
pp. 2209-2215 ◽  
Author(s):  
James E. Pelkie ◽  
P. John Concannon ◽  
David B. Manley ◽  
Bruce E. Poling
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Water System ◽  
Conductivity Measurements ◽  
Ammonia Water ◽  
Product Distributions
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