The combined presence of obsessive compulsive behaviors in males and females with eating disorders account for longer lengths of stay and more severe eating disorder symptoms

Objective: Obesity and overweight are global problems. They increase patient’s morbidity and mortality and may cause severe medical conditions affecting physical, mental, and or social health. Bariatric surgery is a durable solution for treating morbid obesity. This study aimed to determine the associations between psychiatric problems and eating disorder symptoms in candidates for bariatric surgery. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 140 participants were selected from the patients who had already been referred to the obesity clinic in Firoozgar Hospital in Tehran, Iran, for bariatric surgery from April to June 2017. To collect study data, we used the eating disorder questionnaire for assessing eating disorders and the symptom checklist questionnaire for evaluating psychiatric problems. Results: The results of the Chi-squared test showed a significant association (P<0.05) between eating disorder symptoms and psychiatric problems (phobia, anxiety, depression, obsessive-compulsive, psychoticism, hostility, paranoid ideation, and somatization). However, there was no significant correlation (P>0.05) between eating disorder symptoms and interpersonal sensitivity. Conclusion: This study showed that eating disorders were significantly correlated with psychiatric problems.

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Eating-Related Intrusive Thoughts Inventory: Exploring the Dimensionality of Eating Disorder Symptoms

Psychological Reports ◽

10.2466/02.09.13.18.pr0.109.4.108-126 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 109 (1) ◽

pp. 108-126 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Conxa Perpiñtá ◽

María Roncero ◽

Amparo Belloch ◽

Sergio Sánchez-Reales

Keyword(s):

Eating Disorders ◽

Eating Disorder ◽

Intrusive Thoughts ◽

The Other ◽

Self Report ◽

Restrained Eating ◽

Personal Meaning ◽

Obsessive Compulsive ◽

Eating Disorder Symptoms ◽

Thought Action Fusion

The aims of this study were, first, to examine the structure and validity of the Eating-related Intrusive Thoughts Inventory (INPIAS), a self-report questionnaire designed to assess eating disorders related to intrusive thoughts (EDITs), and second, to explore the existence of a continuum ranging from normal to abnormal thought intrusions related to eating, weight, and shape. Participants were 574 (408 women) nonclinical community individuals. Analyses revealed that EDITs can be clustered into three sets: appearance-dieting, need to exercise, and thoughts-impulses related to eating disorders. EDITs' consequences showed a two-factor structure: emotional consequences/personal meaning and thought-action fusion responsibility; and four factors of strategies: “anxiety,” suppression, obsessive-compulsive rituals, and distraction. The sample was then divided according to reported restrained eating. The High dietary restraint group reported a higher frequency of EDITs, whereas differences in the other factors were mediated by depression, anxiety, and obsessionality. The results suggest that eating disorder-related cognitions are experienced by nonclinical individuals, and distributed on a continuum.

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Adolescents newly diagnosed with eating disorders have structural differences in brain regions linked with eating disorder symptoms

Nordic Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.1080/08039488.2016.1250948 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 71 (3) ◽

pp. 188-196 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Linda Solstrand Dahlberg ◽

Lyle Wiemerslage ◽

Ingemar Swenne ◽

Anna Larsen ◽

Julia Stark ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Eating Disorders ◽

Eating Disorder ◽

Brain Regions ◽

Newly Diagnosed ◽

Eating Disorder Symptoms ◽

Structural Differences

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Orthorexia Nervosa: differences between clinical and non-clinical samples

BMC Psychiatry ◽

10.1186/s12888-021-03348-2 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

C. Novara ◽

E. Maggio ◽

S. Piasentin ◽

S. Pardini ◽

S. Mattioli

Keyword(s):

Eating Disorders ◽

Eating Disorder ◽

Bulimia Nervosa ◽

Binge Eating ◽

Binge Eating Disorder ◽

Diet Group ◽

Orthorexia Nervosa ◽

Clinical Samples ◽

Control Group ◽

Obsessive Compulsive

Abstract Background Orthorexia Nervosa (ON) is a construct characterized by behaviors, emotions, and beliefs on eating healthy food and excessive attention to diet; moreover, dieting has been considered a risk factor in ON symptoms development. The principal aim of this study was to investigate the differences in clinical and non-clinical groups most at risk of ON. Aspects that could be associated with ON (Eating Disorders [EDs], obsessive-compulsive symptomatology, perfectionistic traits, anxiety, depression, Body Mass Index [BMI]) were investigated in all groups. Methods The sample consisted of 329 adults belonging to four different groups. Three were on a diet: Anorexia/Bulimia Nervosa group (N = 90), Obesity/Binge Eating Disorder group (N = 54), Diet group (N = 91). The Control group consisted of people who were not following a diet (N = 94). Participants completed several self-administered questionnaires (EHQ-21, EDI-3, OCI-R, MPS, BAI, BDI-II) to assess ON-related features in different groups. Results Analyses highlighted higher orthorexic tendencies in Anorexia/Bulimia Nervosa, Obesity/BED, and Diet groups than in the Control group. Moreover, results have shown that in the AN/BN group, eating disorders symptomatology and a lower BMI were related to ON and that in Obesity/Binge Eating Disorder and Diet groups, perfectionism traits are associated with ON. Conclusion Individuals who pursue a diet share some similarities with those who have an eating disorder regarding emotions, behaviors, and problems associated with orthorexic tendencies. Moreover, perfectionistic traits seem to predispose to higher ON tendencies. In general, these results confirm the ON as an aspect of the main eating disorders category.

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Predicting Eating Disorder and Anxiety Symptoms Using Anorexia Nervosa and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Polygenic Scores

10.1101/2020.07.02.20142844 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Zeynep Yilmaz ◽

Katherine Schaumberg ◽

Matt Halvorsen ◽

Erica L. Goodman ◽

Leigh C. Brosof ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Eating Disorders ◽

Sex Differences ◽

Anorexia Nervosa ◽

Eating Disorder ◽

Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽

Genetic Risk ◽

Anxiety Symptoms ◽

Obsessive Compulsive ◽

Compulsive Disorder ◽

Polygenic Scores

Clinical, epidemiological, and genetic findings support an overlap between eating disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), and anxiety symptoms. However, little research has examined the role of genetic factors in the expression of eating disorders and OCD/anxiety phenotypes. We examined whether the anorexia nervosa (AN), OCD, or AN/OCD transdiagnostic polygenic scores (PGS) predict eating disorders, OCD, and anxiety symptoms in a large population-based developmental cohort. Using summary statistics files from the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium Freeze 2 AN and Freeze 1 OCD GWAS, we first conducted an AN/OCD transdiagnostic GWAS meta-analysis and then calculated PGS for AN, OCD, and AN/OCD in participants from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children with available genetic and phenotype data on eating disorder, OCD, and anxiety diagnoses and symptoms (sample size 3,212-5,369 per phenotype). We observed sex differences in the PGS prediction of eating disorder, OCD, and anxiety-related phenotypes, with AN genetic risk manifesting at an earlier age and playing a more prominent role in eating disorder phenotypes in boys than in girls. Compulsive exercise was the only phenotype predicted by all three PGS (e.g., PAN(boys)=0.0141 at age 14; POCD(girls)=0.0070 at age 16; PAN/OCD(all)=0.0297 at age 14). Our results suggest that earlier detection of eating disorder, OCD, and anxiety-related symptoms could be made possible by including measurement of genetic risk for these psychiatric conditions while being mindful of sex differences.

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Perfectionism is associated with higher eating disorder symptoms and lower remission in children and adolescents diagnosed with eating disorders

Eating Behaviors ◽

10.1016/j.eatbeh.2018.05.008 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 30 ◽

pp. 55-60 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Jack Johnston ◽

Chloe Y. Shu ◽

Kimberley J. Hoiles ◽

Patrick J.F. Clarke ◽

Hunna J. Watson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Eating Disorders ◽

Eating Disorder ◽

Children And Adolescents ◽

Eating Disorder Symptoms

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Association Between Paranoia And Anorexia Nervosa In Adolescents: What Factors Are Involved?

10.21203/rs.2.24625/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Gennaro Catone ◽

Filomena Salerno ◽

Giulia Muzzo ◽

Valentina Lanzara ◽

Antonella Gritti

Keyword(s):

Eating Disorders ◽

Body Image ◽

Anorexia Nervosa ◽

Eating Disorder ◽

Social Anxiety ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Anxiety Symptoms ◽

Pediatric Care ◽

Eating Disorder Symptoms ◽

Body Image Concerns

Abstract Background: psychiatric comorbidities are of particular interest in Eating disorders. The association between anorexia nervosa and psychotic disorders is less studied than that with affective disorders (anxiety/depression). The aim of this study is to describe a psychotic symptom (paranoia) in adolescents with Eating Disorders looking at several potential explicative associated factors: eating disorder symptoms, body image concerns, depression and social anxiety. Our hypothesis is that paranoia in AN patients is more explained by the concomitant depression and social anxiety symptoms than core symptoms of the disease (eating disorder symptoms or body image concerns). Methods: this is a retrospective cross sectional study and consecutive, help-seeking adolescents admitted to the Eating Disorder service of the Integrated Pediatric Care Department, Luigi Vanvitelli University Hospital constituted the sample. Data was obtained trough retrospective collection of clinical interviews and self – report questionnaires administered by trained and expert child and adolescent psychiatrists. Results: We obtained data from 92 adolescents with Eating Disorders. Paranoia was dimensionally distributed in the sample (mean: 22,17 SD: 17,7; median 18 IQR: 7/36; range: 0-62). Our regression model explained that paranoia in this population was better explained by depression (coefficient= 0,415 SD: 0,210, p=0,052) and social anxiety symptoms (coefficient= 0,253 SD: 0,060; p<0,001) than eating disorder symptoms (coefficient= 0,092 SD: 0,107; p=0,398) and body image concerns (coefficient= 1,916 SD: 2,079; p=0,359) that did not retain their significance when all our predictive factors entered in the model. Conclusion: This study has some theoretical, clinical and treatment implications. It is important to carrying out screening for the presence of psychotic symptoms in patients with Eating Disorders. These symptoms and associated factors (depression and social anxiety) may complicate the clinical picture of the disease with the need, in certain cases, of psychopharmacological drugs and, among these, anti-psychotics. Finally in the psychotherapy context, paranoid idea may be subject of treatment for patient with EDs.

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What Kinds of Psychotherapy Help Eating Disorder Symptoms The Most?

Eating Disorders ◽

10.1093/wentk/9780190926595.003.0012 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

B. Timothy Walsh ◽

Evelyn Attia ◽

Deborah R. Glasofer

Keyword(s):

Eating Disorders ◽

Eating Disorder ◽

Theory And Practice ◽

Eating Disorder Symptoms

Although the landscape of helpful psychotherapies for eating disorders continues to evolve, several promising interventions are already available. They differ somewhat in theory and practice but share several features. First, these talk therapies focus on the present—on the here and now. They are more...

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Relationships Among Childhood Maltreatment, Limbic System Dysfunction, and Eating Disorders in College Women

Journal of Interpersonal Violence ◽

10.1177/0886260520912590 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 088626052091259

Author(s):

Andrea E. Mercurio ◽

Fang Hong ◽

Carolyn Amir ◽

Amanda R. Tarullo ◽

Anna Samkavitz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Eating Disorders ◽

Eating Disorder ◽

College Women ◽

Limbic System ◽

Indirect Effect ◽

Childhood Maltreatment ◽

Eating Pathology ◽

Convenience Sample ◽

Eating Disorder Symptoms

The mechanisms linking childhood maltreatment and eating pathology are not fully understood. We examined the mediating role of limbic system dysfunction in the relationships between three forms of childhood maltreatment (parental psychological maltreatment, parental physical maltreatment, and parental emotional neglect) and eating disorder symptoms. A convenience sample of college women ( N = 246, M age = 19.62, SD = 2.41) completed measures of maltreatment (Parent-Child Conflict Tactics Scales and the Parental Bonding Instrument), limbic system dysfunction (Limbic System Questionnaire), and eating pathology (Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire). We hypothesized that there would be an indirect effect of each type of childhood maltreatment on eating disorder symptoms via limbic system irritability. Results generally supported the hypotheses. Examination of the individual paths that defined the indirect effect indicated that higher reported childhood maltreatment was associated with greater limbic irritability symptoms, and higher limbic irritability symptomatology was related to higher total eating disorder scores. There were no significant direct effects for any of the proposed models. Findings are in line with research supporting the role of limbic system dysfunction as a possible pathway in the maltreatment-eating disorder link. Given that limbic system dysfunction may underlie behavioral symptoms of eating disorders, efforts targeting limbic system dysfunction associated with child maltreatment might best be undertaken at an early developmental stage, although interventions for college women struggling with eating disorders are also crucial.

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