Erratum to: Characterization of natural clays from Italian deposits with focus on elemental composition and exchange estimated by EDX analysis: potential pharmaceutical and cosmetic uses

Abstract:An innovative approach, combining field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) analysis, is presented to investigate the degradation mechanisms affecting tannin-dyed wool. In fact, tannin-dyed textiles are more sensitive to degradation then those dyed with other dyestuffs, even in the same conservation conditions.FESEM-EDX was first used to study a set of 48 wool specimens (artificially aged) dyed with several raw materials and mordants, and prepared according to historical dyeing recipes. EDX analysis was performed on the surface of wool threads and on their cross-sections. In addition, in order to validate the model formulated by the analysis of reference materials, several samples collected from historical and archaeological textiles were subjected to FESEM-EDX analysis.FESEM-EDX investigations enabled us to reveal the correlation between elemental composition and morphological changes. In addition, aging processes were clarified by studying changes in the elemental composition of wool from the protective cuticle to the fiber core in cross-sections. Morphological and elemental analysis of wool specimens and of archaeological and historical textiles showed that the presence of tannins increases wool damage, primarily by causing a sulfur decrease and fiber oxidation.

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Characterization of Humic Acids Extracted From Egyptian Sediment by Elemental Composition, NMR and FTIR

Journal of Environmental Science and Technology ◽

10.3923/jest.2019.221.227 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (5) ◽

pp. 221-227

Author(s):

Emad K. Radwan ◽

Mohamed B.M. Ibrahim ◽

Ahmed S. Moursy ◽

Hany H. Abdel Ghafar

Keyword(s):

Elemental Composition ◽

Humic Acids

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Microbiota of the Therapeutic Euganean Thermal Muds with a Focus on the Main Cyanobacteria Species

Microorganisms ◽

10.3390/microorganisms8101590 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (10) ◽

pp. 1590

Author(s):

Barbara Gris ◽

Laura Treu ◽

Raffaella Margherita Zampieri ◽

Fabrizio Caldara ◽

Chiara Romualdi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nanopore Sequencing ◽

Maturation Process ◽

Target Species ◽

Population Composition ◽

Chl A ◽

Natural Clays ◽

Therapeutic Properties ◽

Two Parameters ◽

Inflammatory Molecules

The Euganean Thermal District has been known since Roman times for the therapeutic properties of peloids, obtained from natural clays that have undergone a traditional maturation process. This leads to the growth of a green microbial biofilm with Cyanobacteria and the target species Phormidium sp. ETS-05 as fundamental components for their ability to synthetize anti-inflammatory molecules. Currently, in-depth studies on the microbiota colonizing Euganean peloids, as in general on peloids utilized worldwide, are missing. This is the first characterization of the microbial community of Euganean thermal muds, also investigating the effects of environmental factors on its composition. We analysed 53 muds from 29 sites (Spas) using a polyphasic approach, finding a stable microbiota peculiar to the area. Differences among mud samples mainly depended on two parameters: water temperature and shading of mud maturation plants. In the range 37–47 °C and in the case of irradiance attenuation due to the presence of protective roofs, a statistically significant higher mud Chl a content was detected. Moreover, in these conditions, a characteristic microbial and Cyanobacteria population composition dominated by Phormidium sp. ETS-05 was observed. We also obtained the complete genome sequence of this target species using a mixed sequencing approach based on Illumina and Nanopore sequencing.

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The characterization of clay-organic systems

Clay Minerals ◽

10.1180/claymin.1983.018.4.03 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 18 (4) ◽

pp. 357-371 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

D. T. B. Tennakoon ◽

R. Schlögl ◽

T. Rayment ◽

J. Klinowski ◽

W. Jones ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Pressure ◽

Nmr Spectroscopy ◽

Catalytic Properties ◽

Clear Distinction ◽

Organic Systems ◽

Catalytically Active ◽

Natural Clays ◽

Temperature Controlled ◽

C Nmr

AbstractThe importance of a number of techniques (including1H and13C NMR, XRD and IR) in exploring the important catalytic properties of synthetic and natural clays is described. A clear distinction is observed between proven catalytically-active clays (e.g. Al-exchanged) and those which are generally less effective (e.g. Na-exchanged).13C NMR spectroscopy is used to identify directly products formed within the interlayer regions, and temperature-controlled powder XRD serves as a useful tool for identifying whether or not intercalation occurs under variously defined conditions. High-pressure XRD is used to verify the formation of different products during reaction.

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