scholarly journals Elliptic quantum curves of class $$ {\mathcal{S}}_k $$

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Chen ◽  
Babak Haghighat ◽  
Hee-Cheol Kim ◽  
Marcus Sperling

Abstract Quantum curves arise from Seiberg-Witten curves associated to 4d $$ \mathcal{N} $$ N = 2 gauge theories by promoting coordinates to non-commutative operators. In this way the algebraic equation of the curve is interpreted as an operator equation where a Hamiltonian acts on a wave-function with zero eigenvalue. We find that this structure generalises when one considers torus-compactified 6d $$ \mathcal{N} $$ N = (1, 0) SCFTs. The corresponding quantum curves are elliptic in nature and hence the associated eigenvectors/eigenvalues can be expressed in terms of Jacobi forms. In this paper we focus on the class of 6d SCFTs arising from M5 branes transverse to a ℂ2/ℤk singularity. In the limit where the compactified 2-torus has zero size, the corresponding 4d $$ \mathcal{N} $$ N = 2 theories are known as class $$ {\mathcal{S}}_k $$ S k . We explicitly show that the eigenvectors associated to the quantum curve are expectation values of codimension 2 surface operators, while the corresponding eigenvalues are codimension 4 Wilson surface expectation values.

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hirotaka Hayashi ◽  
Takuya Okuda ◽  
Yutaka Yoshida

Abstract We compute by supersymmetric localization the expectation values of half-BPS ’t Hooft line operators in $$ \mathcal{N} $$ N = 2 U(N ), SO(N ) and USp(N ) gauge theories on S1 × ℝ3 with an Ω-deformation. We evaluate the non-perturbative contributions due to monopole screening by calculating the supersymmetric indices of the corresponding supersymmetric quantum mechanics, which we obtain by realizing the gauge theories and the ’t Hooft operators using branes and orientifolds in type II string theories.


2007 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 393-396
Author(s):  
Baghdad Science Journal

The aim of this work is to evaluate the one- electron expectation value from the radial electronic density function D(r1) for different wave function for the 2S state of Be atom . The wave function used were published in 1960,1974and 1993, respectavily. Using Hartree-Fock wave function as a Slater determinant has used the partitioning technique for the analysis open shell system of Be (1s22s2) state, the analyze Be atom for six-pairs electronic wave function , tow of these are for intra-shells (K,L) and the rest for inter-shells(KL) . The results are obtained numerically by using computer programs (Mathcad).


2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (14) ◽  
pp. 2050070 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ward Struyve

Semi-classical theories are approximations to quantum theory that treat some degrees of freedom classically and others quantum mechanically. In the usual approach, the quantum degrees of freedom are described by a wave function which evolves according to some Schrödinger equation with a Hamiltonian that depends on the classical degrees of freedom. The classical degrees of freedom satisfy classical equations that depend on the expectation values of quantum operators. In this paper, we study an alternative approach based on Bohmian mechanics. In Bohmian mechanics the quantum system is not only described by the wave function, but also with additional variables such as particle positions or fields. By letting the classical equations of motion depend on these variables, rather than the quantum expectation values, a semi-classical approximation is obtained that is closer to the exact quantum results than the usual approach. We discuss the Bohmian semi-classical approximation in various contexts, such as nonrelativistic quantum mechanics, quantum electrodynamics and quantum gravity. The main motivation comes from quantum gravity. The quest for a quantum theory for gravity is still going on. Therefore a semi-classical approach where gravity is treated classically may be an approximation that already captures some quantum gravitational aspects. The Bohmian semi-classical theories will be derived from the full Bohmian theories. In the case there are gauge symmetries, like in quantum electrodynamics or quantum gravity, special care is required. In order to derive a consistent semi-classical theory it will be necessary to isolate gauge-independent dependent degrees of freedom from gauge degrees of freedom and consider the approximation where some of the former are considered classical.


2011 ◽  
Vol 25 (19) ◽  
pp. 1619-1629 ◽  
Author(s):  
ARIJIT GHOSHAL ◽  
Y. K. HO

Ground states of a two-electron system in generalized screened potential (GSP) with screening parameter λ: [Formula: see text] where ∊ is a constant, have been investigated. Employing highly correlated and extensive wave functions in Ritz's variational principle, we have been able to determine accurate ground state energies and wave functions of a two-electron system for different values of the screening parameter λ and the constant ∊. Convergence of the ground state energies with the increase of the number of terms in the wave function are shown. We also report various geometrical expectation values associated with the system, ground state energies of the corresponding one-electron system and the ionization potentials of the system. Such a calculation for the ground state of a two-electron system in GSP is carried out for first time in the literature.


1976 ◽  
Vol 54 (16) ◽  
pp. 1660-1663 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shalom Eliezer

We have presented a special case where a hierarchy of spontaneous breaking of the symmetries can be achieved in conventional gauge theories (i.e. the Higgs scalars are elementary bosons and the coupling constants of the quartic interactions are small). We break spontaneously the chiral group SU(N) × SU(N) with Higgs scalars transforming like the (N, [Formula: see text]) representation of SU(N) × SU(N). By minimizing the potential we obtain a set of algebraic equations of the type[Formula: see text]where ηj are the vacuum expectation values of the Higgs scalars and μi2 and Aij are parameters. In order to get a hierarchy of spontaneous symmetry breaking we obtain the condition det Aij = 0.


1996 ◽  
Vol 11 (02) ◽  
pp. 131-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
TOHRU EGUCHI ◽  
SUNG-KIL YANG

Using recently proposed soliton equations we derive a basic identity for the scaling violation of N=2 supersymmetric gauge theories Σiai∂F/∂ai−2F=8πib1u. Here F is the prepotential, ai’s are the expectation values of the scalar fields in the vector multiplet, u=1/2 Tr<ϕ2> and b1 is the coefficient of the one-loop β-function. This equation holds in the Coulomb branch of all N=2 supersymmetric gauge theories coupled with massless matter.


2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christoph F. Uhlemann

Abstract Quiver gauge theories with a large number of nodes host a wealth of Wilson loop operators. Expectation values are obtained, using supersymmetric localization, for Wilson loops in the antisymmetric representations associated with each individual gauge node, for a sample of 5d long quiver gauge theories whose UV fixed points have holographic duals in Type IIB. The sample includes the TN theories and the results are uniformly given in terms of Bloch-Wigner functions. The holographic representation of the Wilson loops is identified. It comprises, for each supergravity solution, a two-parameter family of D3-branes which exactly reproduce the field theory results and identify points in the internal space with the faces of the associated 5-brane web. The expectation values of (anti)fundamental Wilson loops exhibit an enhanced scaling for many operators, which matches between field theory and supergravity.


1967 ◽  
Vol 45 (11) ◽  
pp. 3667-3676
Author(s):  
C. S. Lin

A new form of one-electron wave function, "vectal," is introduced. It is shown that an arbitrary CI geminal and a certain class of many-electron wave functions can be represented in a single-determinantal form in terms of the vectal. Eigenvalue equations for the vectal, similar to that of the Hartree–Fock theory, are derived and the vectal representation is shown to enable a formal interpretation of the CI theory in the Hartree–Fock manner. The eigenvalue, vectal energy, is interpreted as the negative of an ionization potential, in Koop-man's sense, of the system described by the CI wave function. It is also shown that the expectation value of any one-electron operator, [Formula: see text], where Ψ is the CI wave function, is expressible in terms of the expectation values of the same operator with respect to the vectals. The vectals are interpreted as the one-electron wave function in the CI space.A possible application of the vectal representation is briefly described, and the relationship between the vectal representation and the "scalar representation" is discussed.


1988 ◽  
Vol 03 (06) ◽  
pp. 1499-1518
Author(s):  
D. PERTERMANN ◽  
J. RANFT

Using the simplicial pseudorandom version of lattice gauge theory we study simple Z(n) gauge models in D=3 dimensions. In this formulation it is possible to interpolate continuously between a regular simplicial lattice and a pseudorandom lattice. Calculating average plaquette expectation values we look for the phase transitions of the Z(n) gauge models with n=2 and 3. We find all the phase transitions to be of first order, also in the case of the Z(2) model. The critical couplings increase with the irregularity of the lattice.


2002 ◽  
Vol 16 (19) ◽  
pp. 2837-2855 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. SEBAWE ABDALLA

In this paper we consider the most quadratic time dependent Hamiltonian. An exact solution of the wave function in both the Schrödinger picture and coherent states representation is given. Linear and quadratic invariants are discussed. The eigenvalues and the corresponding eigenfunctions are obtained. The expectation values for the energy are also given.


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