scholarly journals The multifunctional RNA-binding protein Staufen1: an emerging regulator of oncogenesis through its various roles in key cellular events

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shekoufeh Almasi ◽  
Bernard J. Jasmin
Keyword(s):  
Rna Binding ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
Neuromuscular Disorders ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Rna Binding Protein ◽  
Rna Metabolism ◽  
Cancer Development ◽  
Cell Functions

AbstractThe double-stranded multifunctional RNA-binding protein (dsRBP) Staufen was initially discovered in insects as a regulator of mRNA localization. Later, its mammalian orthologs have been described in different organisms, including humans. Two human orthologues of Staufen, named Staufen1 (STAU1) and Staufen2 (STAU2), share some structural and functional similarities. However, given their different spatio-temporal expression patterns, each of these orthologues plays distinct roles in cells. In the current review, we focus on the role of STAU1 in cell functions and cancer development. Since its discovery, STAU1 has mostly been studied for its involvement in various aspects of RNA metabolism. Given the pivotal role of RNA metabolism within cells, recent studies have explored the mechanistic impact of STAU1 in a wide variety of cell functions ranging from cell growth to cell death, as well as in various disease states. In particular, there has been increasing attention on the role of STAU1 in neuromuscular disorders, neurodegeneration, and cancer. Here, we provide an overview of the current knowledge on the role of STAU1 in RNA metabolism and cell functions. We also highlight the link between STAU1-mediated control of cellular functions and cancer development, progression, and treatment. Hence, our review emphasizes the potential of STAU1 as a novel biomarker and therapeutic target for cancer diagnosis and treatment, respectively.

scholarly journals AEG-1 Regulates TWIK-1 Expression as an RNA-Binding Protein in Astrocytes

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 85
Author(s):  
Hyun-Gug Jung ◽  
Ajung Kim ◽  
Seung-Chan Kim ◽  
Jae-Yong Park ◽  
Eun Mi Hwang
Keyword(s):  
Rna Binding ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Rna Binding Protein ◽  
Brain Diseases ◽  
Real Time Quantitative Pcr ◽  
Cultured Astrocytes ◽  
Rna Immunoprecipitation ◽  
Mrna And Protein Expression

AEG-1, also called MTDH, has oncogenic potential in numerous cancers and is considered a multifunctional modulator because of its involvement in developmental processes and inflammatory and degenerative brain diseases. However, the role of AEG-1 in astrocytes remains unknown. This study aimed to investigate proteins directly regulated by AEG-1 by analyzing their RNA expression patterns in astrocytes transfected with scramble shRNA and AEG-1 shRNA. AEG-1 knockdown down-regulated TWIK-1 mRNA. Real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) and immunocytochemistry assays confirmed that AEG-1 modulates TWIK-1 mRNA and protein expression. Electrophysiological experiments further revealed that AEG-1 further regulates TWIK-1-mediated potassium currents in normal astrocytes. An RNA immunoprecipitation assay to determine how AEG-1 regulates the expression of TWIK-1 revealed that AEG-1 binds directly to TWIK-1 mRNA. Furthermore, TWIK-1 mRNA stability was significantly increased upon overexpression of AEG-1 in cultured astrocytes (p < 0.01). Our findings show that AEG-1 serves as an RNA-binding protein to regulate TWIK-1 expression in normal astrocytes.

scholarly journals Critical role of tristetraprolin and AU‐rich element RNA‐binding protein 1 in the suppression of cancer cell growth by globular adiponectin

FEBS Open Bio ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 1964-1976 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nirmala Tilija Pun ◽  
Amrita Khakurel ◽  
Aastha Shrestha ◽  
Sang‐Hyun Kim ◽  
Pil‐Hoon Park
Keyword(s):  
Cell Growth ◽  
Cancer Cell ◽  
Rna Binding ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Rna Binding Protein ◽  
Cancer Cell Growth ◽  
Globular Adiponectin

scholarly journals The control of inflammation via the phosphorylation and dephosphorylation of tristetraprolin: a tale of two phosphatases

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 1321-1337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew R. Clark ◽  
Jonathan L.E. Dean
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Mediators ◽  
Knockout Mouse ◽  
Rna Binding ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
Rna Binding Protein ◽  
Human Orthologue ◽  
And Function ◽  
Detailed Picture ◽  
Lines Of Evidence

Twenty years ago, the first description of a tristetraprolin (TTP) knockout mouse highlighted the fundamental role of TTP in the restraint of inflammation. Since then, work from several groups has generated a detailed picture of the expression and function of TTP. It is a sequence-specific RNA-binding protein that orchestrates the deadenylation and degradation of several mRNAs encoding inflammatory mediators. It is very extensively post-translationally modified, with more than 30 phosphorylations that are supported by at least two independent lines of evidence. The phosphorylation of two particular residues, serines 52 and 178 of mouse TTP (serines 60 and 186 of the human orthologue), has profound effects on the expression, function and localisation of TTP. Here, we discuss the control of TTP biology via its phosphorylation and dephosphorylation, with a particular focus on recent advances and on questions that remain unanswered.

scholarly journals Role of RNA‐binding protein HuR and CUGBP1 in LPS‐induced Interleukin‐6 Expression in Macrophages

2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Weibin Zha ◽  
Guangji Wang ◽  
Beth S. Pecora ◽  
Elaine Studer ◽  
Phillip B Hylemon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Interleukin 6 ◽  
Rna Binding ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
Rna Binding Protein

scholarly journals The role of the RNA-binding protein Sam68 in mammary tumourigenesis

2010 ◽  
Vol 222 (3) ◽  
pp. 223-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J Elliott ◽  
Prabhakar Rajan
Keyword(s):  
Rna Binding ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
Rna Binding Protein

Chitin binding protein as a possible RNA binding protein in Leishmania parasites

2020 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sajad Rashidi ◽  
Kurosh Kalantar ◽  
Celia Fernandez-Rubio ◽  
Enayat Anvari ◽  
Paul Nguewa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rna Binding ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
Rna Binding Protein ◽  
Novel Proteins ◽  
Transcriptional Gene Regulation ◽  
Chitin Binding Protein ◽  
Effective Drugs ◽  
Genus Leishmania ◽  
Leishmania Parasites

ABSTRACT Leishmaniasis includes a broad spectrum of pathological outcomes in humans caused by protozoan parasites from the genus Leishmania. In recent years, proteomic techniques have introduced novel proteins with critical functions in Leishmania parasites. Based on our report of a Chitin binding protein (CBP) in our previous immunoproteomic study, this article suggests that CBP might be an RNA binding protein (RBP) in Leishmania parasites. RBPs, as key regulatory factors, have a role in post-transcriptional gene regulation. The presence of RBPs in Leishmania parasites has not been considered so far; however, this study aims to open a new venue regarding RBPs in Leishmania parasites. Confirming CBP as an RBP in Leishmania parasites, exploring other RBPs and their functions might lead to interesting issues in leishmaniasis. In fact, due to the regulatory role of RBPs in different diseases including cancers and their further classification as therapeutic targets, the emerging evaluation of CBP and RBPs from Leishmania parasites may allow the discovery of novel and effective drugs against leishmaniasis.

scholarly journals The RNA-Binding Protein Hfq of Listeria monocytogenes: Role in Stress Tolerance and Virulence

2004 ◽  
Vol 186 (11) ◽  
pp. 3355-3362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janne K. Christiansen ◽  
Marianne H. Larsen ◽  
Hanne Ingmer ◽  
Lotte Søgaard-Andersen ◽  
Birgitte H. Kallipolitis
Keyword(s):  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Rna Binding ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
Rna Binding Protein ◽  
Stationary Growth Phase ◽  
Ethanol Stress ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Term Survival

ABSTRACT In gram-negative bacteria, the RNA-binding protein Hfq has emerged as an important regulatory factor in a variety of physiological processes, including stress resistance and virulence. In Escherichia coli, Hfq modulates the stability or the translation of mRNAs and interacts with numerous small regulatory RNAs. Here, we studied the role of Hfq in the stress tolerance and virulence of the gram-positive food-borne human pathogen Listeria monocytogenes. We present evidence that Hfq is involved in the ability of L. monocytogenes to tolerate osmotic and ethanol stress and contributes to long-term survival under amino acid-limiting conditions. However, Hfq is not required for resistance to acid and oxidative stress. Transcription of hfq is induced under various stress conditions, including osmotic and ethanol stress and at the entry into the stationary growth phase, thus supporting the view that Hfq is important for the growth and survival of L. monocytogenes in harsh environments. The stress-inducible transcription of hfq depends on the alternative sigma factor σB, which controls the expression of numerous stress- and virulence-associated genes in L. monocytogenes. Infection studies showed that Hfq contributes to pathogenesis in mice, yet plays no role in the infection of cultured cell lines. This study provides, for the first time, information on the role of Hfq in the stress tolerance and virulence of a gram-positive pathogen.

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