Prolonged tactical tourniquet application for extremity combat injuries during war against terrorism in the Sahelian strip

Soldiers are currently one of the largest professional groups treated as long-term travelers. They are stationed in difficult environmental conditions for many months. The purpose of this article is to present the scale of health threats faced by participants in peacekeeping and stabilization missions / operations. Today's security challenges encompass a huge mass of complexes and evolving threats such as pandemics, international terrorism, organized crime, cyber threats, environmental degradation and natural disasters. The thesis of the article is that in the era of modern threats, health problems of soldiers include transmission diseases, zoonoses, combat and non-combat injuries. The Central and South Asian region has the highest rate of infectious and invasive diseases in the world. Afghanistan and Pakistan are the reporting countries for poliomyelitis. Taking into account the following issues, it is extremely important to monitor the scale of health threats to participants in military operations, to conduct appropriate risk assessments so that control measures reflect the latest scientific knowledge in the field of protection against the risk of infection, disease or injury management. A comprehensive emergency preparedness plan enables military operations to be better prepared for a swift, coordinated and effective response, while tailoring resources to the specific situation.

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Combat Injuries of the Elbow

Front Line Extremity and Orthopaedic Surgery ◽

10.1007/978-3-642-45337-3_15 ◽

2014 ◽

pp. 123-132

Author(s):

Derek F. Ipsen

Keyword(s):

Combat Injuries

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All trauma is not created equal: Redefining severe trauma for combat injuries

The American Journal of Surgery ◽

10.1016/j.amjsurg.2020.03.020 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 219 (5) ◽

pp. 869-873

Author(s):

Daniel T. Lammers ◽

Christopher W. Marenco ◽

Kaitlin R. Morte ◽

Jason R. Bingham ◽

Matthew J. Martin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Severe Trauma ◽

Combat Injuries

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Who Will Fight? The All-Volunteer Army after 9/11

The American Economic Review ◽

10.1257/aer.p20171082 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 107 (5) ◽

pp. 415-419 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Susan Payne Carter ◽

Alexander A. Smith ◽

Carl Wojtaszek

Keyword(s):

Low Income ◽

War On Terror ◽

Active Duty ◽

High Income ◽

Black Soldiers ◽

Combat Injuries ◽

Disproportionate Number ◽

Volunteer Force ◽

All Volunteer Force

Who fought the War on Terror? We find that as the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan progressed, there was an increase in the fraction of active-duty Army enlistees who were white or from high-income neighborhoods and that these two groups selected combat occupations more often. Among men, we find an increase in deployment and combat injuries for white and Hispanic soldiers relative to black soldiers and for soldiers from high-income neighborhoods relative to those from low-income neighborhoods. This finding suggests that an all-volunteer force does not compel a disproportionate number of non-white and low socio-economic men to fight America's wars.

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Extremity War Injuries VIII: Sequelae of Combat Injuries

Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons ◽

10.5435/jaaos-22-01-57 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

pp. 57-62 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Romney C. Andersen ◽

Jean-Claude G. D’Alleyrand ◽

Marc F. Swiontkowski ◽

James R. Ficke

Keyword(s):

War Injuries ◽

Combat Injuries

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Comparative Kinematic and Electromyographic Assessment of Clinician- and Device-Assisted Sit-to-Stand Transfers in Patients With Stroke

Physical Therapy ◽

10.2522/ptj.20120500 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 93 (10) ◽

pp. 1331-1341 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Judith M. Burnfield ◽

Bernadette McCrory ◽

Yu Shu ◽

Thad W. Buster ◽

Adam P. Taylor ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Repeated Measures ◽

Muscle Activation ◽

Joint Movement ◽

Trunk Flexion ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Ankle Motion ◽

Repeated Measures Design ◽

Sit To Stand ◽

Lower Extremity Muscle ◽

Combat Injuries

Background Workplace injuries from patient handling are prevalent. With the adoption of no-lift policies, sit-to-stand transfer devices have emerged as one tool to combat injuries. However, the therapeutic value associated with sit-to-stand transfers with the use of an assistive apparatus cannot be determined due to a lack of evidence-based data. Objective The aim of this study was to compare clinician-assisted, device-assisted, and the combination of clinician- and device-assisted sit-to-stand transfers in individuals who recently had a stroke. Design This cross-sectional, controlled laboratory study used a repeated-measures design. Methods The duration, joint kinematics, and muscle activity of 4 sit-to-stand transfer conditions were compared for 10 patients with stroke. Each patient performed 4 randomized sit-to-stand transfer conditions: clinician-assisted, device-assisted with no patient effort, device-assisted with the patient’s best effort, and device- and clinician-assisted. Results Device-assisted transfers took nearly twice as long as clinician-assisted transfers. Hip and knee joint movement patterns were similar across all conditions. Forward trunk flexion was lacking and ankle motion was restrained during device-assisted transfers. Encouragement and guidance from the clinician during device-assisted transfers led to increased lower extremity muscle activation levels. Limitations One lifting device and one clinician were evaluated. Clinician effort could not be controlled. Conclusions Lack of forward trunk flexion and restrained ankle movement during device-assisted transfers may dissuade clinicians from selecting this device for use as a dedicated rehabilitation tool. However, with clinician encouragement, muscle activation increased, which suggests that it is possible to safely practice transfers while challenging key leg muscles essential for standing. Future sit-to-stand devices should promote safety for the patient and clinician and encourage a movement pattern that more closely mimics normal sit-to-stand biomechanics.

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New evidence of high frequency of antler wounding in cervids

Canadian Journal of Zoology ◽

10.1139/z86-059 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 64 (2) ◽

pp. 380-384 ◽

Cited By ~ 37

Author(s):

Valerius Geist

Keyword(s):

Field Observation ◽

High Frequency ◽

Western Canada ◽

Field Observations ◽

Opt Out ◽

Combat Injuries ◽

New Evidence

Seventy-two tanned, dehaired hides of four species of cervids from western Canada were examined for evidence of injuries. Combat injuries were segregated from injuries incurred from other sources. Forty-six of 55 males 1.5 years of age and older were scarred, as were 14 of 15 females. Of 15 males 1.5 years of age, 7 showed no scars, nor did two 6-month-old male fawns. Only 1of 22 male cervids over 2.5 years of age showed no combat scars. The frequency of wounding in males was 0–225, and in females0–18 per individual. About three-quarters of the scars were on the neck and haunches, about equally divided between these areas. The longest healed scar measured 420 mm; about 20% of the scars exceeded 100 mm in length. Field observations greatly underestimate wounding in cervids. A few males appear to opt out of rutting, but opt in when opportunity allows. The "dove" strategy is rare, but evidence from hides indicates that it does exist, confirming field observation.

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