Chemical changes in hydrothermal treated wood: FTIR analysis of combined hydrothermal and dry heat-treated wood

2005 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 102-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. F. Tjeerdsma ◽  
H. Militz
Keyword(s):  
Treated Wood ◽  
Ftir Analysis ◽  
Chemical Changes ◽  
Dry Heat ◽  
Heat Treated

Determination of chemical changes in heat-treated wood using ATR-FTIR and FT Raman spectrometry

2017 ◽  
Vol 171 ◽  
pp. 395-400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Özlem Özgenç ◽  
Sefa Durmaz ◽  
Ismail Hakki Boyaci ◽  
Haslet Eksi-Kocak
Keyword(s):  
Treated Wood ◽  
Raman Spectrometry ◽  
Chemical Changes ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Ft Raman

scholarly journals CHEMICAL CHANGES OF CELL WALL COMPONENTS OF HEAT-TREATED WOOD / ALTERAÇÕES QUÍMICAS DOS COMPONENTES DA PAREDE CELULAR DE MADEIRAS TRATADAS TERMICAMENTE

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
pp. 79151-79159
Author(s):  
Carolina Rodrigues Barroco ◽  
Danielle Affonso Sampaio ◽  
Renata Nunes Oliveira ◽  
Alexandre Miguel do Nascimento
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Treated Wood ◽  
Chemical Changes ◽  
Cell Wall Components ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Wall Components

scholarly journals Evaluation of heat-treated wood swelling by differential scanning calorimetry in relation to chemical composition

Holzforschung ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincent Repellin ◽  
René Guyonnet
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Differential Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Beech Wood ◽  
Treated Wood ◽  
Volumetric Shrinkage ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Chemical Changes ◽  
Adsorption Sites ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Dsc Method

Abstract Retification is a heat treatment that decreases the swelling of wood and increases its resistance to fungal attack. In this study, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) was applied in order to determine the fibre saturation point (FSP) of natural and retified wood. FSP values were used to determine the total swelling of natural and heat-treated wood. The DSC method was compared to the volumetric shrinkage approach. The influence of heat treatment temperature and duration on the swelling of wood was investigated. Relationships between chemical changes and the reduction of swelling were analysed thoroughly. The equivalence of the DSC method and the volumetric shrinkage method is shown. FSP in association with anhydrous density is a good indicator for the evaluation of the overall swelling of heat-treated wood. Reduction of wood swelling with increasing temperature and duration of thermal treatment is often attributed to hemicellulose destruction. This study shows that the reduction of beech wood swelling cannot only be attributed to the disappearance of adsorption sites that goes with hemicellulose destruction. It is suggested that other phenomena such as structural modifications and chemical changes of lignin also play an important role.

Meta‐analysis of anti‐swelling efficiency (ASE) of heat‐treated wood

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tianyi Zhan ◽  
Zhiting Liu ◽  
Hui Peng ◽  
Jiali Jiang ◽  
Yaoli Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Treated Wood ◽  
Heat Treated

scholarly journals Temperature-Dependent Creep Behavior and Quasi-Static Mechanical Properties of Heat-Treated Wood

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 968
Author(s):  
Dong Xing ◽  
Xinzhou Wang ◽  
Siqun Wang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Creep Behavior ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Treated Wood ◽  
Crosslinking Reaction ◽  
Depth Sensing ◽  
Temperature Dependent ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Static Mechanical ◽  
Static Mechanical Properties

In this paper, Berkovich depth-sensing indentation has been used to study the effects of the temperature-dependent quasi-static mechanical properties and creep deformation of heat-treated wood at temperatures from 20 °C to 180 °C. The characteristics of the load–depth curve, creep strain rate, creep compliance, and creep stress exponent of heat-treated wood are evaluated. The results showed that high temperature heat treatment improved the hardness of wood cell walls and reduced the creep rate of wood cell walls. This is mainly due to the improvement of the crystallinity of the cellulose, and the recondensation and crosslinking reaction of the lignocellulose structure. The Burgers model is well fitted to study the creep behavior of heat-treated wood cell walls under different temperatures.

Bonding performance of heat treated wood with structural adhesives

2007 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 173-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milan Sernek ◽  
Michiel Boonstra ◽  
Antonio Pizzi ◽  
Aurelien Despres ◽  
Philippe Gérardin
Keyword(s):  
Treated Wood ◽  
Structural Adhesives ◽  
Bonding Performance ◽  
Heat Treated

Comparison of the color and weight change in Paulownia tomentosa and Pinus koraiensis wood heat-treated in hot oil and hot air

BioResources ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 5574-5585
Author(s):  
Intan Fajar Suri ◽  
Jong Ho Kim ◽  
Byantara Darsan Purusatama ◽  
Go Un Yang ◽  
Denni Prasetia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Color Change ◽  
Treated Wood ◽  
Pinus Koraiensis ◽  
Weight Changes ◽  
Paulownia Tomentosa ◽  
Wood Color ◽  
Color Changes ◽  
Hot Air ◽  
Heat Treated

Color changes were tested and compared for heat-treated Paulownia tomentosa and Pinus koraiensis wood treated with hot oil or hot air for further utilization of these species. Hot oil and hot air treatments were conducted at 180, 200, and 220 °C for 1, 2, and 3 h. Heat-treated wood color changes were determined using the CIE-Lab color system. Weight changes of the wood before and after heat treatment were also determined. The weight of the oil heat-treated wood increased considerably but it decreased in air heat-treated wood. The oil heat-treated samples showed a greater decrease in lightness (L*) than air heat-treated samples. A significant change in L* was observed in Paulownia tomentosa. The red/green chromaticity (a*) of both wood samples increased at 180 and 200 °C and slightly decreased at 220 °C. The yellow/blue chromaticity (b*) in both wood samples increased at 180 °C, but it rapidly decreased with increasing treatment durations at 200 and 220 °C. The overall color change (ΔE*) in both heat treatments increased with increasing temperature, being higher in Paulownia tomentosa than in Pinus koraiensis. In conclusion, oil heat treatment reduced treatment duration and was a more effective method than air heat treatment in improving wood color.

scholarly journals COLOR CHANGE — MASS LOSS CORRELATION FOR HEAT-TREATED WOOD

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 345-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Marinela Olarescu ◽  
Mihaela Campean
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Mass Loss ◽  
Color Change ◽  
Treated Wood ◽  
Untreated Wood ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Assessment Procedure ◽  
Mathematical Correlation ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Two Parameters

Heat treatment is renowned as the most environmentally friendly process of dimensional stabilization that can be applied to wood, in order to make it suitable for outdoor uses. It also darkens wood color and improves wood durability. The intensity of heat treatment can be appreciated by means of two parameters: the color change occured in wood due to the high temperature, and the mass loss, which is a measure of the degree of thermal degradation. In order to find a mathematical correlation between these two parameters, an experimental study was conducted with four European wood species, which were heat-treated at 180°C and 200ºC, for 1-3 hours, under atmosheric pressure.The paper presents the results concerning the color changes and mass losses recorded for the heat-treated wood samples compared to untreated wood.  For all four species, the dependency between the color change and the mass loss was found to be best described by a logarithmic regression equation with R2 of 0.93 to 0.99 for the soft species (spruce, pine and lime), and R2 of 0.77 for beech. The results of this study envisage to simplify the assessment procedure of the heat treatment efficiency, by only measuring the color – a feature that is both convenient and cost-effective. 

XRD and FTIR analysis heat treated lithium bismo-borate glasses doped with 1.0 mol% copper ferrite

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arti Yadav ◽  
P. Narwal ◽  
Manjeet S. Dahiya ◽  
T. Dahiya ◽  
A. Agarwal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Copper Ferrite ◽  
Borate Glasses ◽  
Ftir Analysis ◽  
Heat Treated

scholarly journals Germination, Outgrowth, and Vegetative-Growth Kinetics of Dry-Heat-Treated Individual Spores ofBacillusSpecies

2018 ◽  
Vol 84 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin He ◽  
Zhan Chen ◽  
Shiwei Wang ◽  
Muying Wu ◽  
Peter Setlow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Spore Germination ◽  
Differential Interference Contrast Microscopy ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Dry Heat ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Contrast Microscopy ◽  
Interference Contrast Microscopy ◽  
Dry Heat Treatment ◽  
Kinetics Of

ABSTRACTDNA damage kills dry-heated spores ofBacillus subtilis, but dry-heat-treatment effects on spore germination and outgrowth have not been studied. This is important, since if dry-heat-killed spores germinate and undergo outgrowth, toxic proteins could be synthesized. Here, Raman spectroscopy and differential interference contrast microscopy were used to study germination and outgrowth of individual dry-heat-treatedB. subtilisandBacillus megateriumspores. The major findings in this work were as follows: (i) spores dry-heat-treated at 140°C for 20 min lost nearly all viability but retained their Ca2+-dipicolinic acid (CaDPA) depot; (ii) in most cases, dry-heat treatment increased the average times and variability of all major germination events inB. subtilisspore germination with nutrient germinants or CaDPA, and in one nutrient germination event withB. megateriumspores; (iii)B. subtilisspore germination with dodecylamine, which activates the spore CaDPA release channel, was unaffected by dry-heat treatment; (iv) these results indicate that dry-heat treatment likely damages spore proteins important in nutrient germinant recognition and cortex peptidoglycan hydrolysis, but not CaDPA release itself; and (v) analysis of single spores incubated on nutrient-rich agar showed that while dry-heat-treated spores that are dead can complete germination, they cannot proceed into outgrowth and thus not to vegetative growth. The results of this study provide new information on the effects of dry heat on bacterial spores and indicate that dry-heat sterilization regimens should produce spores that cannot outgrow and thus cannot synthesize potentially dangerous proteins.IMPORTANCEMuch research has shown that high-temperature dry heat is a promising means for the inactivation of spores on medical devices and spacecraft decontamination. Dry heat is known to killBacillus subtilisspores by DNA damage. However, knowledge about the effects of dry-heat treatment on spore germination and outgrowth is limited, especially at the single spore level. In the current work, Raman spectroscopy and differential interference contrast microscopy were used to analyze CaDPA levels in and kinetics of nutrient- and non-nutrient germination of multiple individual dry-heat-treatedB. subtilisandBacillus megateriumspores that were largely dead. The outgrowth and subsequent cell division of these germinated but dead dry-heat-treated spores were also examined. The knowledge obtained in this study will help understand the effects of dry heat on spores both on Earth and in space, and indicates that dry heat can be safely used for sterilization purposes.

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