Mapping resistance to the Ug99 race group of the stem rust pathogen in a spring wheat landrace

2015 ◽  
Vol 128 (4) ◽  
pp. 605-612 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. M. Babiker ◽  
T. C. Gordon ◽  
S. Chao ◽  
M. Newcomb ◽  
M. N. Rouse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Stem Rust ◽  
Wheat Landrace ◽  
Rust Pathogen

scholarly journals Field Resistance to the Ug99 Race Group of the Stem Rust Pathogen in Spring Wheat Landraces

Plant Disease ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 97 (7) ◽  
pp. 882-890 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Newcomb ◽  
M. Acevedo ◽  
H. E. Bockelman ◽  
G. Brown-Guedira ◽  
B. J. Goates ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Stem Rust ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Field Resistance ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Rust Pathogen ◽  
Photoperiod Insensitivity ◽  
Wheat Landraces ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Modern Breeding

Wheat landraces provide a source of genetic variability for breeding. The emergence and spread of highly virulent races of the stem rust pathogen (Ug99 race group of Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici) threaten wheat production globally. Spring wheat landraces were screened for resistance in eight field seasons at the Kenya Agricultural Research Institute, Njoro, where the Ug99 race group has become endemic. Accessions showing resistance in one season were retested and screened with molecular markers associated with resistance genes Sr2, Sr24, Sr36, and Lr34/Yr18; two height-reducing genes; and a photoperiod insensitivity allele. Of 2,509 accessions tested, 278 were categorized as resistant based on results from at least two seasons. Of these resistant accessions, 32 were positive for one or more markers for Sr2, Sr36, Rht-B1b, or Rht-D1b, indicating that they do not fit the definition of “landrace” because these genes were likely introduced via modern breeding practices. Thus, 246 resistant “landrace” accessions were identified. Of countries with more than five tested accessions, Afghanistan, Iran, Portugal, Ethiopia, Uzbekistan, Greece, Tajikistan, Bosnia and Herzegovina, and Serbia had at least 10% of tested accessions that were resistant to the Ug99 race group. Future research will characterize the resistance to determine its novelty and incorporate novel genes into improved lines.

Retrospective analysis of virulence of the North Caucasian population of wheat stem rust pathogen

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (81) ◽  
pp. 85-90
Author(s):  
Galina Volkova ◽  
◽  
Olesya Miroshnichenko ◽  
Olga Tarancheva ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Analysis ◽  
Stem Rust ◽  
Caucasian Population ◽  
Wheat Stem Rust ◽  
The North ◽  
Rust Pathogen

scholarly journals Potential Infection Risks of the Wheat Stripe Rust and Stem Rust Pathogens on Barberry in Asia and Southeastern Europe

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 957
Author(s):  
Parimal Sinha ◽  
Xianming Chen
Keyword(s):  
Stripe Rust ◽  
Stem Rust ◽  
Puccinia Striiformis ◽  
Infection Risk ◽  
Southeastern Europe ◽  
Alternate Host ◽  
Modeling Framework ◽  
Risk Levels ◽  
Rust Pathogen ◽  
Very High

Barberry (Berberis spp.) is an alternate host for both the stripe rust pathogen, Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst), and the stem rust pathogen, P. graminis f. sp. tritici (Pgt), infecting wheat. Infection risk was assessed to determine whether barberry could be infected by either of the pathogens in Asia and Southeastern Europe, known for recurring epidemics on wheat and the presence of barberry habitats. For assessing infection risk, mechanistic infection models were used to calculate infection indices for both pathogens on barberry following a modeling framework. In East Asia, Bhutan, China, and Nepal were found to have low risks of barberry infection by Pst but high risks by Pgt. In Central Asia, Azerbaijan, Iran, Kazakhstan, southern Russia, and Uzbekistan were identified to have low to high risks of barberry infection for both Pst and Pgt. In Northwest Asia, risk levels of both pathogens in Turkey and the Republic of Georgia were determined to be high to very high. In Southwest Asia, no or low risk was found. In Southeastern Europe, similar high or very high risks for both pathogens were noted for all countries. The potential risks of barberry infection by Pst and/or Pgt should provide guidelines for monitoring barberry infections and could be valuable for developing rust management programs in these regions. The framework used in this study may be useful to predict rust infection risk in other regions.

The wheat stem rust pathogen in the central region of the Russian Federation

2012 ◽  
Vol 62 (5) ◽  
pp. 1003-1010 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. S. Skolotneva ◽  
S. N. Lekomtseva ◽  
E. Kosman
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Central Region ◽  
Stem Rust ◽  
Wheat Stem Rust ◽  
Rust Pathogen ◽  
The Russian Federation

Peace hard red spring wheat

2014 ◽  
Vol 94 (7) ◽  
pp. 1297-1302 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. G. Humphreys ◽  
T. F. Townley-Smith ◽  
O. M. Lukow ◽  
B. D. McCallum ◽  
T. G. Fetch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Stem Rust ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Head Blight ◽  
Canadian Prairies ◽  
Hard Red Spring Wheat ◽  
Quality Specifications ◽  
End Use ◽  
Moderately Resistant ◽  
Highly Virulent

Humphreys, D. G., Townley-Smith, T. F., Lukow, O. M., McCallum, B. D., Fetch, T. G., Gilbert, J. A., Menzies, J. G., Tkachuk, V., Brown, P. D. and Fox, S. L. 2014. Peace hard red spring wheat. Can. J. Plant Sci. 94: 1297–1302. Peace is a hard red spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) adapted to the shorter-season wheat-growing regions of the Canadian prairies. Peace was evaluated in the Parkland Wheat Cooperative Test in 1999, 2000 and 2001. Peace exhibited grain yield similar to the check cultivars over 2 yr (1999–2000; Neepawa and Roblin) and over 3 yr (1999–2001; AC Barrie and AC Splendor) Peace matured a day earlier than AC Barrie but was 2 d later than AC Splendor over 3 yr of testing (1999–2001) and was a day later than Neepawa and Roblin over 2 yr of testing (1999–2000). Peace had test weight similar to the check cultivars. Peace was moderately resistant to leaf rust and loose smut and resistant to stem rust including the highly virulent Ug99 race of stem rust and common bunt. Peace was moderately susceptible to Fusarium head blight. Peace meets the end-use quality specifications of the Canada Western Red Spring wheat class.

scholarly journals Emergence of the Ug99 lineage of the wheat stem rust pathogen through somatic hybridisation

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng Li ◽  
Narayana M. Upadhyaya ◽  
Jana Sperschneider ◽  
Oadi Matny ◽  
Hoa Nguyen-Phuc ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Rust ◽  
Wheat Stem Rust ◽  
Haploid Nucleus ◽  
Somatic Hybridisation ◽  
Global Food Security ◽  
Proximity Analysis ◽  
Rust Pathogen ◽  
Fungal Populations ◽  
Nuclear Exchange ◽  
Global Food

Abstract Parasexuality contributes to diversity and adaptive evolution of haploid (monokaryotic) fungi. However, non-sexual genetic exchange mechanisms are not defined in dikaryotic fungi (containing two distinct haploid nuclei). Newly emerged strains of the wheat stem rust pathogen, Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici (Pgt), such as Ug99, are a major threat to global food security. Here, we provide genomics-based evidence supporting that Ug99 arose by somatic hybridisation and nuclear exchange between dikaryons. Fully haplotype-resolved genome assembly and DNA proximity analysis reveal that Ug99 shares one haploid nucleus genotype with a much older African lineage of Pgt, with no recombination or chromosome reassortment. These findings indicate that nuclear exchange between dikaryotes can generate genetic diversity and facilitate the emergence of new lineages in asexual fungal populations.

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