Genomic approaches to selection in outcrossing perennials: focus on essential oil crops

2015 ◽  
Vol 128 (12) ◽  
pp. 2351-2365 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Kainer ◽  
Robert Lanfear ◽  
William J. Foley ◽  
Carsten Külheim
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Oil Crops

scholarly journals Breeding of medicinal and essential oil crops in VILAR: achievements and prospects

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 433-441
Author(s):  
I. N. Korotkikh ◽  
D. N. Baleev ◽  
A. I. Morozov ◽  
P. G. Mizina ◽  
N. I. Sidelnikov
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Chemical Mutagenesis ◽  
Material Base ◽  
Family Selection ◽  
Medicinal And Aromatic Plants ◽  
Breeding Material ◽  
Oil Crops

This review discusses the main methods of breeding material development, the current state, problems and prospects for medicinal and essential oil plants breeding. The relevance of this area has especially increased due to the sanctions, the resulting shortage of medicinal plants and their low quality, which does not meet the requirements of the pharmaceutical industry. To produce a stable plant raw material base, it is necessary to actively develop a breeding process to create new highly productive varieties of medicinal plants resistant to biotic and abiotic environments. In breeding with the use of modern molecular biological methods, related species and generic complexes of the All-Russian Research Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (VILAR) collection can be involved, where there is extensive original genetic material of medicinal, essential oil, rare and endangered species. In the breeding of medicinal and essential oil crops, traditional methods of individual and individual-family selection, polyploidy, chemical mutagenesis and a combination of methods to obtain original breeding material are still promising. VILAR has created more than 90 varieties of medicinal and essential oil crops, most of which have been approved for use throughout the Russian Federation.

scholarly journals The number of glandular trichomes on the peduncles of true lavender inflorescences as an additional breeding trait for essential oil

2021 ◽  
Vol 188 (4) ◽  
pp. 41-52
Author(s):  
S.V. Zelentsov ◽  
◽  
E.V. Moshnenko ◽  
T.P. Shuvaeva ◽  
I.V. Gaytotina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Significant Contribution ◽  
Distribution Density ◽  
Glandular Trichomes ◽  
Oil Crops ◽  
Russian Research Institute ◽  
Average Size ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Russian Research

The main receptacle of essential oil in true lavender is the peltate glandular trichomes of the calyxes in the whorls of the inflorescences. Their average size is 175 ± 25 µm, in some cases – up to 250 µm. For the extraction of lavender oil, not only the calyxes are used, but the whole inflorescences including the flowering shoots. The surface of the peduncles of lavender inflorescences is also covered with peltate glandular trichomes. However, their contribution to the total volume of essential oil in the inflorescence has almost never been determined. The aim of this research was to study the distribution density of glandular trichomes within the inflorescence and to determine the proportion of the contribution of flowering trichomes to the formation of essential oil in the inflorescence. The research was carried out in 2021 on the basis of the V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops in two ecological and geographical points of the Krasnodar region. The object of the study was the true lavender varieties Voznesenskaya 34, Rannyaya, Yuzhanka and Voznesenskaya Aroma. It was found that the size of glandular trichomes on peduncles of true lavender is 90 ± 15 µm. Their number on peduncles, depending on the variety, varies from 2141 to 3003 pcs. The density of distribution of glandular trichomes on the surface of peduncles is equal to 8.60–14.93 pcs/mm3 . The total volume of essential oil in all glandular trichomes of peduncles is 0.41–0.57 cmm . The total volume of essential oil in the inflorescences varied from 2.28 to 5.15 cmm . The share of essential oil in the glandular trichomes of the peduncles in relation to the entire inflorescence ranged from 9.33 to 19.56%. It is concluded that peltate glandular trichomes on flower-bearing axes make a significant contribution to the essential oil content of lavender inflorescences. For the selection of true lavender to increase the essential oil content and the yield of essential oil, an additional selection trait is proposed – the amount of glandular trichomes on the surface of peduncles, which can be regulated by changing their distribution density on the surface of peduncles, or increasing the length of inflorescences.

scholarly journals 866 PB 545 PRODUCTION POTENTIAL OF ESSENTIAL OIL CROPS IN SAUDI ARABIA

HortScience ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 557f-557
Author(s):  
Mohammed Sarwar ◽  
Saleh A. Al-Namlah
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Anethum Graveolens ◽  
New Crops ◽  
Oil Crops ◽  
Large Scale Production ◽  
Cymbopogon Flexuosus

Saudi Arabia is known for arid character and its total unsuitability for any agricultural exploitation. However; it is- now proving otherwise with the application of modern agrotechnology resulting in large scale production of many crops successfully. Considering the international growing demand of essential oils, need of agrocommunities for new crops, advantages of local warm climate and availability of generous government funding system, essential oil production offers immense potential in Saudi Arabia. This paper intends to describe the prospects of raising Pelargonium graveolens, Mentha arvensis, Artemesia pallens, Cymbopogon winterianus, Cymbopogon flexuosus, Ocimum basilicum, Eucalyptus citriodora, Rosemarinus officinalis, Coriandrum sativum, Anethum graveolens, Jasminum grandiflorum and Pogostemon patchouli successfully at various ecosystems and to establish new agroindustries based on essential oils around the Kingdom.

scholarly journals CONSTRUCTION AND DESIGN OF A PORTABLE STEAM DISTILLATION UNIT FOR ESSENTIAL OIL CROPS.

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 1165b-1165
Author(s):  
Ben H. Alkire ◽  
James E. Simon
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Steam Distillation ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Residue Analysis ◽  
Distillation Unit ◽  
Aromatic Plants ◽  
Oil Crops ◽  
Pressure Steam ◽  
Extraction Unit ◽  
Commercial Farms

A 500 liter (130 gallon) stainless steel steam distillation unit has been built to extract volatile essential oils from aromatic plants. A 1.5 m × 0.75 m dia. steam vessel (hydrostatically tested @ 125 psi) serves as the distillation tank. Low pressure or high pressure steam is supplied by a diesel fuel fired boiler of 10 horsepower. The steam vessel can hold peppermint from plots of 25 m2 and extract approximately 100 ml of essential oil per distillation. The size of the tub was designed to provide oil in sufficient quantity for industrial evacuation or for pesticide residue analysis. Following the distillation, the vessel can be disconnected from the cold-water condenser and rotated on swivels to a horizontal position, permitting easy removal and re-filling of plant material. The entire extraction unit (vessel, condenser, boiler and oil collector) is suitable for mounting upon a trader, making it transportable to commercial farms or research stations. The extraction of peppermint and spearmint oils using this new system will be presented.

scholarly journals A technology of essential oil crops growth in closed systems

2020 ◽  
pp. 53-59
Author(s):  
P. N. Makarov ◽  
T. A. Makarovа ◽  
Z. A. Samoylenko ◽  
N. M. Gulakova
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Luminous Flux ◽  
Cold Climate ◽  
Solution Temperature ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
The North ◽  
Oil Crops ◽  
Fresh Products ◽  
Northern Territories

The article describes the results of growing essential-oil crops in photoculture using the hydroponic method, and the stages and the agro-technical methods of conveyor production for spice-flavoring plants such as dill (Goldkrone cultivar), parsley (Fidelio cultivar) and basil (Lemona cultivar). Due to underdevelopment of agriculture in cold climate, the northern territories of Tyumen region receive plant products from the South of Russia. Therefore, effective technologies for plants growing are required in order to provide the north-erners with fresh products all year round. Regarding growing plants in a closed system, we discovered that the best conditions in the light culture for ethereal crops are created by white LED lighting with 8000 lm luminous flux. Plants watering with the Ferticare fertiliser in combination with calcinitis and watering regime (15 minutes every 24 hours) allow to achieve high productivity and yield of the cultivated plants. For the conveyor cultivation of fennel, parsley and basil, it is necessary to maintain the optimal microclimate parameters: day-time am-bient air temperature +23℃, the solution temperature +20℃, humidity – no less than 60%. The developed method gives 8–9 turnovers of spice-flavoring plants per year.

scholarly journals Analysis of the collection samples of Coriandrum sativum L. by valuable breeding indicators

2021 ◽  
Vol 2(26) ◽  
pp. 167-177
Author(s):  
N.V. Nevkrytaya ◽  
◽  
S.I. Krivda ◽  
S.S. Babanina ◽  
E.D. Ametova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Mass Fraction ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Coriandrum Sativum ◽  
State Register ◽  
Oil Crops ◽  
Plot Area ◽  
Main Component ◽  
Research Institute

Coriander is a valuable, highly profitable essential oil crop. Therefore, the development of new highly productive varieties is the main direction of breeding. The aim of the research was to study the collection of Coriandrum sativum L. (owner – Research Institute of Agriculture of Crimea) by a complex of valuable traits to identify promising samples for breeding purposes. In 2017–2019, under the conditions of the Crimean Foothills (village of Krymskaya Roza, Belogorsky district), we analyzed 164 samples from 30 regions of the world. The territory of the experimental plots belongs to the upper foothill, warm, insufficiently humid agro-climatic region. To compare the parameters, we included five coriander varieties in our study. They were created in the Research Institute of Agriculture of Crimea (‘Yantar’, ‘Ranniy’, ‘Nektar’, ‘Medun’ and ‘Silach’) and registered in the “State Register of Breeding Achievements Permitted for Use” of the Russian Federation. The work was guided by the methodological recommendations on essential oil crops breeding. Plot area – 0.6 m2, double replication. The analysis revealed high variability of the collection samples in terms of the main indicators of productivity: fruit yield (Cv = 37.2 %), content of essential oil (Cv = 51.3 %), yield of essential oil per unit area (Cv = 60.0 %). Optimal weather conditions for the accumulation of essential oil with a high content of linalool (the main component) are relatively low air humidity and increased temperature regime during flowering and fruit ripening. The following samples were identified as sources of valuable traits: vr. 341, vr. 757, vr. 756, vr. 387, VIR 415 with a mass fraction of essential oil in fruits at the level of 2.81–3.62 %; VIR 258, vr. 233, VIR 144, VIR 165, VIR 246, vr. 705 with a fruit yield that reached 52.0–73.9 g per plot. Five samples – VIR 348, VIR 421, VIR 180, VIR 431 and vr. 521 – provided a high amount of essential oil (0.90–1.23 g per plot) because of the combination of the increased yield and essential oil mass fraction.

scholarly journals Pests of essential oil crops grown at the Research Institute of Agriculture of Crimea

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.N. Drobotova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Control Methods ◽  
Economic Injury Level ◽  
Oil Crops ◽  
Salvia Sclarea ◽  
Economic Injury ◽  
Growth Development ◽  
Research Institute

During the study, we found that 2019 was favourable for pests’ growth, development and spread. Cicadellidae and Aphidoidea were the most harmful and numerous ones that damaged essential oil plants. Salvia sclarea was the most susceptible among the studied plants. We also found that the number of pathogens did not exceed the economic injury level thanks to timely monitoring and weed control methods.

Features of calculating the cost of essential oil crops

2021 ◽  
pp. 16-23
Author(s):  
E. I. Kostyukova ◽  
T. A. Neshchadimova ◽  
V. I. Khoruzhy ◽  
K. A. Dzhikiya
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Level Structure ◽  
Cost Structure ◽  
Oil Crops ◽  
Multi Level ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Practical Recommendations

The article contains practical recommendations for calculating the cost of essential oil crops. A multi-level structure of the account 20 is proposed, which will allow obtaining information about the cost structure for each cultivated crop. The updated nomenclature of calculation items is presented, taking into account the specifics of growing essential oil crops, and the method of calculating the cost of finished products is considered.

Essential Oil Crops

1998 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 400-400
Author(s):  
Sebsebe Demissew ◽  
Nigist Asfaw
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Oil Crops

Pectin substances of essential-oil crops II. Isolation and characterization of the pectin ofRosa canina

1979 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. P. Kukhta ◽  
V. Ya. Chirva ◽  
G. N. Shadrin ◽  
L. P. Stazaeva
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Oil Crops ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Pectin Substances
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