Identification and mapping of CpPM10.1, a major gene involved in powdery mildew (race 2 France of Podosphaera xanthii) resistance in zucchini (Cucurbita pepo L.)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunli Wang ◽  
Cong Qi ◽  
Yusong Luo ◽  
Feng Zhang ◽  
Zuyun Dai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Cucurbita Pepo ◽  
Major Gene ◽  
Podosphaera Xanthii ◽  
Race 2

scholarly journals Identification and mapping of CpPM10.1, a major gene involved in powdery mildew (race 2 France of Podosphaera xanthi) resistance in zucchini (Cucurbita pepo L.)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunli Wang ◽  
Cong Qi ◽  
Yusong Luo ◽  
Feng Zhang ◽  
Zuyun Dai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Cucurbita Pepo ◽  
Major Gene ◽  
Allelic Diversity ◽  
Resistance Breeding ◽  
Germplasm Resources ◽  
Specific Pcr ◽  
Allele Specific ◽  
Race 2 ◽  
Allele Specific Pcr

Abstract Powdery mildew (PM) is one of the most destructive fungal diseases, reducing the productivity of Cucurbita crops globally. In the present study, the zucchini inbred line ‘X10’ had highly stable PM resistance at the key time of inoculation (6 hpi to 48 hpi), and ‘Jin234’ showed PM susceptible. Genetic analysis revealed that PM resistance in ‘X10’ is controlled by one major dominant locus, CpPM10.1 . Based on the strategy of QTL-seq combined with linkage analysis and the Kompetitive Allele-Specific PCR (KASP) method, CpPM10.1 was located in a 382.9 kb region on chromosome 10. Using 1,400 F 2 individuals and F 2:3 offspring of the recombinants, CpPM10.1 was defined as a region of approximately 20.9 kb that contained 5 coding genes. Among them, Cp4.1LG10g02780 , Cp4.1LG10g02800 and Cp4.1LG10g02750 contained a RPW8 domain, which controls resistance to a broad range of PM pathogens. Nonsynonymous SNPs existed between ‘X10’ and ‘Jin234’ in Cp4.1LG10g02780 and Cp4.1LG10g02750 . Furthermore, the expression of Cp4.1LG10g02780 in ‘X10’ and the R-F2 pool was significantly higher than that in ‘Jin234’ and the S-F2 pool at the key period of inoculation, which showed that the expression of Cp4.1LG10g02780 was strongly positively involved in PM resistance. Further allelic diversity analysis in zucchini germplasm resources indicated that PM resistance associated with two SNPs in the RPW8 domain of Cp4.1LG10g02780 . This study not only provides highly stable PM resistance gene resources in cucurbit crops but also lays the foundation for the functional analysis of PM resistance and resistance breeding in zucchini.

scholarly journals Mechanisms of different cultivars of Cucurbita pepo in resistance to Podosphaera xanthii infection through improvement of antioxidative defense system and gene expression

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuwu Zhang ◽  
Bingliang Xu ◽  
Jia Liu
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Cucurbita Pepo ◽  
Total Phenolics ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Podosphaera Xanthii ◽  
Defense System ◽  
Pal Activity ◽  
Disease Occurrence ◽  
Ros Accumulation

Abstract Background: Powdery mildew is one of the world’s most destructive diseases of cucurbit and the major cause of losses in its production worldwide. A number of strategies have been developed and applied to discover some suitable and alternative safe methods to manage the powdery mildew disease occurrence, but little information is regarding to screen of resistant pumpkins (Cucurbita pepo L.) germplasm and explore the mechanisms of their preventing the disease occurrence at physiological, biochemical, and molecular levels. Therefore, we evaluated and determined the ability and mechanisms of two commercial pumpkin cultivars in resistance to Podosphaera xanthii infection. Results: Compared with mock-inoculated seedlings, small and sparse spots were observed on the cultivar of Sixing F1 leaves at the 13th day after inoculation with P. xanthii, whereas a large number of disease spots or a layer of white powdery mildew were observed on the surface of Jin12 F1 leaves. Increased the inoculation time (7, 9, 11 and 13 days) significantly and continuously increased the disease incidence and index of pumpkin seedlings after inoculation. The disease incidence and index of Jin12 F1 were significantly higher than the cultivar of Sixing F1. At Day 13, the disease incidence and index of Jin12 F1 were 80.0% and 72.6, whereas the cultivar of Sixing F1 was 22.3% and 17.7, respectively. The contents of H2O2, MDA, lignin and total phenolics in the leaves of Sixing F1 and Jin12 F1 were markedly accelerated after inoculation with P. xanthii. However, the cultivar of Sixing F1 exhibited less reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, a lower rate of lipid peroxidation and higher level of lignin and total phenolics contents after inoculation, whereas the cultivar of Jin12 F1 exhibited higher level of ROS accumulation and rates of lipid peroxidation, and lower level of lignin and total phenolics contents. Higher activity and transcript level of antioxidant enzymes and gene of PAL expression were observed on different tissues of both cultivars after inoculated with P. xanthii. Compared with pumpkin seedlings that were inoculated with sterile water but not P. xanthii, the level of PAL activity and gene expression in leaves, petioles and stems of Sixing F1 and Jin12 F1 were upregulated and increased significantly at different time points after inoculation. The enhancement expression of PAL activity and gene in different tissues of Sixing F1 was significantly higher than Jin12 F1, and higher in leaves, lower in petioles and stems. Conclusions: Our results indicate that the cultivar of Sixing F1 exhibited the highest ability in resistance to P. xanthii infection in comparison to Jin12 F1, and one novel possible mechanism is related to the cultivars in resistance to P. xanthii infection by activating and enhancing the antioxidative defense system and gene expression to prevent the pathogens infection.

scholarly journals First Report of Powdery Mildew Caused by Podosphaera xanthii on Hulless Cucurbita pepo of Western District in China

Plant Disease ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. PDIS-04-20-0703
Author(s):  
Q. L. Liang ◽  
L. X. Wei ◽  
B. L. Xu ◽  
L. L. Liu ◽  
A. Calderón-Urrea
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Cucurbita Pepo ◽  
Podosphaera Xanthii ◽  
First Report

scholarly journals Differential Responses of Cucurbita pepo to Podosphaera xanthii Reveal the Mechanism of Powdery Mildew Disease Resistance in Pumpkin

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuwu Zhang ◽  
Jia Liu ◽  
Bingliang Xu ◽  
Jingjiang Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Cucurbita Pepo ◽  
Total Phenolics ◽  
Defense Enzymes ◽  
Podosphaera Xanthii ◽  
Ros Scavenging ◽  
Powdery Mildew Disease

Powdery mildew is one of the most destructive diseases and the major cause to the production losses of cucurbit worldwide. A number of strategies have been developed and applied to discover suitable and safer methods to manage the occurrence of powdery mildew disease in pumpkins (Cucurbita pepo L.), but information is limited in screening tolerant germplasms and exploring their mechanisms in preventing the disease occurrence at physiological, biochemical, and molecular levels. Therefore, we investigated the responses of two commercial pumpkin cultivars to Podosphaera xanthii infection. Compared with mock-inoculated seedlings, few small and sparse powdery areas were observed on the leaves of the Sixing F1 cultivar on the 13th day after inoculation with P. xanthii, whereas a large number of diseased powdery areas and a layer of white powdery mildew were observed on the surface of Jin12 F1 leaves. The inoculation duration (7, 9, 11, and 13 days) significantly and continuously increased the disease incidence and index of pumpkin seedlings. The contents of H2O2, MDA, lignin, and total phenolics in the leaves of Sixing F1 and Jin12 F1 cultivars were markedly increased after inoculation with P. xanthii. However, the Sixing F1 cultivar exhibited much less reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, a lower rate of lipid peroxidation, and a higher level of lignin and total phenolics contents after inoculation than the Jin12 F1 cultivar. Compared with untreated control pumpkin seedlings, significantly higher activities and gene expressions of the phenylpropanoids pathway enzymes (PAL and PPO), ROS scavenging defense enzymes (SOD, CAT, POD, and APX), and other salicylic acid (SA) signaling pathway marker genes were observed in the leaves of both cultivars after P. xanthii inoculation at different inoculation time points. These enhancements were significantly higher in Sixing F1 than Jin12 F1. Our results indicate that the Sixing F1 cultivar exhibited a much stronger ability in resistance to P. xanthii infection than the Jin12 F1 cultivar. Our results suggest that one possible mechanism of C. pepo cultivars to prevent the pathogen P. xanthii infection is by activating and enhancing the activity and gene expression of the phenylpropanoids pathway to synthesize phenolic substances and lignin, ROS scavenging defense enzymes to eliminate the harmful effects of ROS, and signaling pathway marker gene expression to improve plant disease resistance.

scholarly journals Melon-Powdery Mildew Interactions Reveal Variation in Melon Cultigens and Podosphaera xanthii Races 1 and 2

2006 ◽  
Vol 131 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
James D. McCreight
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Cucumis Melo ◽  
Podosphaera Xanthii ◽  
Sphaerotheca Fuliginea ◽  
Race 1 ◽  
New Races ◽  
Race 2 ◽  
Serious Disease ◽  
Greenhouse Tests

Powdery mildew is a serious disease of melon (Cucumis melo L.) worldwide. Twenty-two melon cultigens have been used to define 22 reported races of the pathogen Podosphaera xanthii (sect. Sphaerotheca) xanthii (Castag.) U. Braun & N. Shish. Comb. nov. [syn. Sphaerotheca fuliginea (Schlecht. ex Fr.) Poll.]. Discrepancies in the reactions of eight cultigens to populations of P. xanthii races 1 and 2 in California, Japan, and Spain revealed genetic differences among them that can be used to differentiate P. xanthii race 1 and 2 populations in these countries. Implicit in these results is the existence of previously unknown virulence factors in these populations of P. xanthii races 1 and 2 that permit designation of new races of P. xanthii on melon. Synthesis of these results with previous reports resulted in the identification of 28 putative races of P. xanthii on melon that include eight variants of race 1 and six variants of race 2. Six of the cultigens exhibited resistant blisters in response to heavy infection by P. xanthii in field and greenhouse tests.

scholarly journals Genotyping-by-Sequencing for Analysis of the Genetic Variation of Podosphaera xanthii, Incitant of Cucurbit Powdery Mildew

Plant Disease ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 104 (3) ◽  
pp. 951-957 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Xiang ◽  
A. N. Miller ◽  
M. McGrath ◽  
M. Babadoost
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New York ◽  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Cucumis Melo ◽  
Cucurbita Pepo ◽  
Genotyping By Sequencing ◽  
The United States ◽  
Podosphaera Xanthii ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer Region ◽  
Significant Difference

This research was conducted to identify species causing powdery mildew on cucurbits and to determine genetic variations among isolates of the pathogen. We collected 109 isolates from six cucurbit species hosts (Cucumis melo, Cucumis sativus, Cucurbita maxima, Cucurbita moschata, Cucurbita pepo, and Lagenaria siceraria) in California, Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, New York, Texas, Washington, and Wisconsin in the United States and in Italy. By sequencing the internal transcribed spacer region of the nuclear rDNA of these 109 isolates, Podosphaera xanthii was found as the only species causing powdery mildew on cucurbits in the United States. Genotyping-by-sequencing was applied to these 109 isolates to investigate their genetic diversity, which showed a trend of isolates clustering from New York and Italy. In addition, the virulence of 36 isolates was compared and a significant difference (P < 0.0001) was found among them. Furthermore, results of the virulence tests of 28 isolates from Illinois showed significant effects of collection years, hosts, and locations on the virulence of the isolates.

scholarly journals Impact of Fungicide Program and Powdery Mildew Resistance in Three Varieties of Pumpkin

2011 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 533-538 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy Coolong ◽  
Kenneth Seebold
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Cucurbita Pepo ◽  
Powdery Mildew Resistance ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Podosphaera Xanthii ◽  
Varietal Resistance ◽  
High Input ◽  
Yield Parameters ◽  
Progress Curve ◽  
Different Levels

The effects of fungicide program and varietal resistance on the development of cucurbit powdery mildew [PM (Podosphaera xanthii)] in pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo) were tested in 2009 and 2010 in Lexington, KY. Three fungicide programs consisted of a no-fungicide control, low input (chlorothalonil), and high input (chlorothalonil alternated with myclobutanil) were applied to three varieties of pumpkin with different levels of cucurbit PM resistance. Varieties tested were Howden, Aladdin, and Camaro, which had no, moderate, and high levels of cucurbit PM resistance, respectively. There were no significant variety by fungicide program interactions for yield, number fruit per acre, and average fruit weight in both years. In 2009 and 2010, variety significantly affected yield. Yield increases corresponded to the level of cucurbit PM resistance. The high-resistance variety, Camaro, had the greatest yields in both years, while Howden, with no PM resistance, had the lowest yields. In 2010, yield significantly increased with the intensity of fungicide program. With the exception of cull percentage in 2009, there were no fungicide program by variety interactions for yield parameters. In both years, PM disease severity, characterized by the area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC), was lowest on ‘Camaro’ and highest on ‘Howden’. In 2009, unsprayed ‘Camaro’ had similar AUDPC values as ‘Aladdin’ and ‘Howden’ treated with low- or high-input fungicide programs. In 2010, unsprayed ‘Camaro’ had less disease than ‘Aladdin’ or ‘Howden’ that had received the high-intensity fungicide program. These results suggest that yields can be maintained with a minimal fungicide program when using a variety with high cucurbit PM resistant in some environments. A high-input fungicide program may be necessary to maintain yields of varieties with low cucurbit PM resistance.

scholarly journals Transformation of the cucurbit powdery mildew pathogen Podosphaera xanthii by Agrobacterium tumefaciens

2016 ◽  
Vol 213 (4) ◽  
pp. 1961-1973 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesús Martínez‐Cruz ◽  
Diego Romero ◽  
Antonio Vicente ◽  
Alejandro Pérez‐García
Keyword(s):  
Agrobacterium Tumefaciens ◽  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Podosphaera Xanthii ◽  
Powdery Mildew Pathogen ◽  
Cucurbit Powdery Mildew

scholarly journals Molecular Mapping of Loci Conferring Susceptibility to Spot Blotch and Resistance to Powdery Mildew in Barley Using the Sequencing-Based Genotyping Approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 110 (2) ◽  
pp. 440-446 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yueqiang Leng ◽  
Mingxia Zhao ◽  
Jason Fiedler ◽  
Antonín Dreiseitl ◽  
Shiaoman Chao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Molecular Mapping ◽  
Recombinant Inbred Lines ◽  
Major Gene ◽  
Bipolaris Sorokiniana ◽  
Spot Blotch ◽  
Blumeria Graminis ◽  
Seedling Stage ◽  
Barley Cultivars ◽  
Trait Locus

Spot blotch (SB) caused by Bipolaris sorokiniana and powdery mildew (PM) caused by Blumeria graminis f. sp. hordei are two important diseases of barley. To map genetic loci controlling susceptibility and resistance to these diseases, a mapping population consisting of 138 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) was developed from the cross between Bowman and ND5883. A genetic map was constructed for the population with 852 unique single nucleotide polymorphism markers generated by sequencing-based genotyping. Bowman and ND5883 showed distinct infection responses at the seedling stage to two isolates (ND90Pr and ND85F) of Bipolaris sorokiniana and one isolate (Race I) of Blumeria graminis f. sp. hordei. Genetic analysis of the RILs revealed that one major gene (Scs6) controls susceptibility to Bipolaris sorokiniana isolate ND90Pr, and another major gene (Mla8) confers resistance to Blumeria graminis f. sp. hordei isolate Race I, respectively. Scs6 was mapped on chromosome 1H of Bowman, as previously reported. Mla8 was also mapped to the short arm of 1H, which was tightly linked but not allelic to the Rcs6/Scs6 locus. Quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis identified two QTLs, QSbs-1H-P1 and QSbs-7H-P1, responsible for susceptibility to spot blotch caused by Bipolaris sorokiniana isolate ND85F in ND5883, which are located on chromosome 1H and 7H, respectively. QSbs-7H-P1 was mapped to the same region as Rcs5, whereas QSbs-1H-P1 may represent a novel allele conferring seedling stage susceptibility to isolate ND85F. Identification and molecular mapping of the loci for SB susceptibility and PM resistance will facilitate development of barley cultivars with resistance to the diseases.

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