Integrated microbial processes for biofuels and high value-added products: the way to improve the cost effectiveness of biofuel production

Hemicellulose and its derivatives have a high potential to replace fossil-based materials in various high-value-added products. Within this study, two purification cascades for the separation and valorization of hemicellulose and its derived monomeric sugars from organosolv beechwood hydrolyzates (BWHs) were experimentally demonstrated and assessed. Purification cascade 1 included hydrothermal treatment for converting remaining hemicellulose oligomers to xylose and the purification of the xylose by nanofiltration. Purification cascade 2 included the removal of lignin by adsorption, followed by ultrafiltration for the separation and concentration of hemicellulose. Based on the findings of the experimental work, both cascades were simulated on an industrial scale using Aspen Plus®. In purification cascade 1, 63% of the oligomeric hemicellulose was hydrothermally converted to xylose and purified by nanofiltration to 7.8 t/h of a xylose solution with a concentration of 200 g/L. In purification cascade 2, 80% of the lignin was removed by adsorption, and 7.6 t/h of a purified hemicellulose solution with a concentration of 200 g/L was obtained using ultrafiltration. The energy efficiency of the cascades was 59% and 26%, respectively. Furthermore, the estimation of specific production costs showed that xylose can be recovered from BWH at the cost of 73.7 EUR/t and hemicellulose at 135.1 EUR/t.

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Bioconversion of cassava bagasse and sugarcane bagasse using cheap home-made enzymatic cocktails

10.21203/rs.3.rs-605152/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Gabriela Verónica Díaz ◽

Silvana Soledad Sawostjanik Afanasiuk ◽

Romina Olga Coniglio ◽

Juan Ernesto Velázquez ◽

Pedro Darío Zapata ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sugarcane Bagasse ◽

Value Added ◽

Added Value ◽

Cassava Bagasse ◽

Commercial Enzymes ◽

Before And After ◽

Agricultural Industries ◽

The Cost ◽

Agroindustrial Wastes ◽

Value Added Products

Abstract The agricultural industries generate lignocellulosic wastes that can be modified by fungi to generate high value-added products. The aim of this work was to analyze the efficiency of the bioconversion of sugarcane bagasse and cassava bagasse using two cheap home-made enzymatic cocktails from Aspergillus niger LBM 134 (produced also from agroindustrial wastes) and compare the hydrolysis yield with that obtained from the bioconversion using commercial enzymes. Sugarcane bagasse and cassava bagasse were pretreated with a soft alkaline solution before the hydrolysis carried out with home-made enzymatic cocktails of A. niger LBM 134 and with commercial enzymes to compare their performances. Mono and polysaccharides were analyzed before and after the bioconversion of both bagasses as well as their microscopic structure. The maximal yield was the 80% of total glucans saccharified from cassava bagasse. The bioconversion of both bagasses were better when we used the home-made enzymatic cocktails than commercial enzymes. We obtained high added-value products from agroindustrial wastes, home-made enzymatic cocktails and hydrolysates rich in fermentable sugars. The importance of this work lays in the higher performance of the cheap home-made enzymatic cocktails over the hydrolytic performance of commercial enzymes due to the cost of producing the home-made enzymatic cocktails were more than 500 times lower than commercial enzymes.

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Profitability Analysis of Ginger Value Addition in Abia State, Nigeria

Journal of Economic Impact ◽

10.52223/jei0202202 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 50-54

Author(s):

Ndubuisi Chigozirim Onwusiribe ◽

Chimarauche Peace Amanze ◽

Chinwendu Oriaku

Keyword(s):

Value Added ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Value Addition ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Profitability Analysis ◽

Specific Factors ◽

Cost Implications ◽

The Cost ◽

Structured Questionnaire ◽

Value Added Products

This study analyzed the profitability of ginger value addition in Abia State, Nigeria. This study identified the ginger value-added products common in the area, the cost implications of the value addition process, and the socio-economic and farm-specific factors affecting ginger value addition. A stratified random sampling technique was used to select 60 (sixty) respondents and a well-structured questionnaire was used to collect the necessary data. The results revealed that the value ginger products were dried ginger, salted ginger, ginger flakes, ginger oil, and ginger paste. The factors affecting the profitability of ginger value addition from the linear regression model shows that education, income, capital, and collateral were significant. It is, therefore, recommended that youth and entrepreneurs should invest in ginger value addition as it is profitable and it is a sure way to economic empowerment and fight against hunger.

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Design for Purchasing: A Methodology for Reducing the Materials Cost of Engineered Products

Volume 3: 9th International Design Theory and Methodology Conference ◽

10.1115/detc97/dtm-3888 ◽

1997 ◽

Author(s):

Stephen Bradley ◽

Matthias Calice ◽

Marc Fischer ◽

Michael Harmening

Keyword(s):

Machine Tools ◽

Cost Savings ◽

Value Added ◽

Interdisciplinary Teams ◽

Pilot Projects ◽

Industrial Plants ◽

Wide Range ◽

The Cost ◽

Distinguishing Features ◽

Value Added Products

Abstract This paper gives an overview of a methodology for reducing the cost of purchased materials for engineered products. The methodology has been successfully employed for a wide range of applications, ranging from low value-added products, such as simple processed materials (e.g., steel sheet or profiles), to high value-added equipment, such as machine tools and major components of industrial plants. We have applied the methodology in some 80 projects, achieving cost savings averaging 17% on top of the 10% savings achieved using traditional purchasing optimization approaches. The key distinguishing features of the methodology are a product-oriented as opposed to materials group-driven approach, the establishment of interdisciplinary teams that include engineers and purchasing professionals, and a well-defined, systematic method for addressing the most important drivers of materials cost together with key suppliers. The methodology is introduced by performing pilot projects, then anchored in the enterprise through organizational and procedural changes.

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Enhancing Entrepreneurship Opportunities through Millet Based Value Added Products to Farm Women of Nagarkurnool District

Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology ◽

10.9734/cjast/2020/v39i4831232 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 293-299

Author(s):

Afifa Jahan ◽

R. Arunjyothi ◽

A. Shankar ◽

M. Jagan Mohan Reddy ◽

T. Prabhakar Reddy ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Value Added ◽

Cost Benefit ◽

Farm Women ◽

Daily Consumption ◽

Health Consciousness ◽

The People ◽

Consumption Frequency ◽

Cost Benefit Ratio ◽

The Cost ◽

Value Added Products

Millets are known as one of the most important cereal grains as it is good source of phytochemicals and micronutrients. Millets are consumed by more than 1/3rd of the world’s population. It is the 6th cereal crop in terms of world’s agricultural production. Present study was carried out in Nagarkurnool district of southern Telangana zone and sample size is n=30 farm women from economically low background cultivating millets were selected purposively. Nutritional education, skill development programs and awareness camps were organized to encourage for starting value added millet based enterprise for livelihood instead of selling raw produce which fetch low profits. The result of present study has shown that Millet value based products has enhanced the enterprise opportunities as the increase in health consciousness of the people. In the present study the cost benefit ratio has increase gradually with the each year 1:1.46 in the year 2018, 1:1.92 in the year 2019 and 1:2.5 in the year 2020. The consumption frequency of millet based value added products has also increased from 66% of sample daily consumption to 92% of daily consumption. As traditional roties (Indian flat bread) were not accepted by young age and unable to chew and swallow by old age. Millet based value added products were highly accepted, increased the consumption frequency and increased the income of farm women.

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Fish Waste-Potential Low Cost Substrate for Bacterial Protease Production: A Brief Review

The Open Biotechnology Journal ◽

10.2174/1874070701610010335 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 335-341 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Aishwarya Ramkumar ◽

Nallusamy Sivakumar ◽

Reginald Victor

Keyword(s):

Low Cost ◽

Value Added ◽

Protease Production ◽

Industrial Biotechnology ◽

Fish Waste ◽

Environment And Health ◽

Protease Enzyme ◽

The Rich ◽

The Cost ◽

Value Added Products

Industrial biotechnology processes have recently been exploited for an economic utilization of wastes to produce value added products. Of which, fish waste is one of the rich sources of proteins that can be utilized as low cost substrates for microbial enzyme production. Fish heads, tails, fins, viscera and the chitinous materials make up the wastes from fish industries. Processing these wastes for the production of commercial value added products could result in a decrease in the cost of production. In addition, we can eliminate the pollution of the environment and health issues due to the improper disposal of these fish wastes. This review highlights the potential use of fish waste as a cheaper substrate for the production of economically important protease enzyme.

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A Review on Bacterial Contribution to Lignocellulose Breakdown into Useful Bio-Products

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18116001 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (11) ◽

pp. 6001

Author(s):

Ogechukwu Bose Chukwuma ◽

Mohd Rafatullah ◽

Husnul Azan Tajarudin ◽

Norli Ismail

Keyword(s):

Nutrient Availability ◽

Value Added ◽

Scaling Up ◽

Extreme Conditions ◽

Future Perspectives ◽

Bacterial Strains ◽

The Cost ◽

Innate Ability ◽

Lignocellulose Biomass ◽

Value Added Products

Discovering novel bacterial strains might be the link to unlocking the value in lignocellulosic bio-refinery as we strive to find alternative and cleaner sources of energy. Bacteria display promise in lignocellulolytic breakdown because of their innate ability to adapt and grow under both optimum and extreme conditions. This versatility of bacterial strains is being harnessed, with qualities like adapting to various temperature, aero tolerance, and nutrient availability driving the use of bacteria in bio-refinery studies. Their flexible nature holds exciting promise in biotechnology, but despite recent pointers to a greener edge in the pretreatment of lignocellulose biomass and lignocellulose-driven bioconversion to value-added products, the cost of adoption and subsequent scaling up industrially still pose challenges to their adoption. However, recent studies have seen the use of co-culture, co-digestion, and bioengineering to overcome identified setbacks to using bacterial strains to breakdown lignocellulose into its major polymers and then to useful products ranging from ethanol, enzymes, biodiesel, bioflocculants, and many others. In this review, research on bacteria involved in lignocellulose breakdown is reviewed and summarized to provide background for further research. Future perspectives are explored as bacteria have a role to play in the adoption of greener energy alternatives using lignocellulosic biomass.

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Effect of sodium hydroxide pretreatment on released sugar yields from pomelo peels for biofuel production

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/202130202015 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 302 ◽

pp. 02015

Author(s):

Chaichana Chatkaew ◽

Elizabeth Jayex Panakkal ◽

Wawat Rodiahwati ◽

Suchata Kirdponpattara ◽

Santi Chuetor ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sodium Hydroxide ◽

Value Added ◽

Reducing Sugar ◽

Agricultural Wastes ◽

Raw Material ◽

Biofuel Production ◽

Pretreatment Condition ◽

Citrus Maxima ◽

The Relationship ◽

Value Added Products

Most of the agricultural wastes in developing countries are disposed of by on-site combustion leading to unmanaged environmental pollutions. Conversion of agricultural wastes to value-added products, such as bioethanol and biogas, is a promising method to reduce agro-waste after harvesting seasons. In this study, Citrus maxima peels (Pomelo peels) was selected to be converted to reducing sugars, which could be a raw material to produce other value-added products. To promote enzymatic hydrolysis reactions, pomelo peels were pretreated with sodium hydroxide by variations of three pretreatment parameters, including temperature (50-100 ºC), time (0.5-6 h), and concentration of NaOH (0.5-3.0 M). Box-Behnken design (BBD) was applied in Response Surface Methodology (RSM) to determine the optimized pretreatment condition and to find the relationship between pretreatment factors and reducing sugar yields. The predicted optimal pretreatment condition was determined to be at 94.28 ºC, 4.5h, 2.17M with reducing sugar yield of 98.9 mg/g of dried pomelo peels. The results clearly showed that reducing sugar yields obtained from pretreated pomelo peels were 1.87 folds higher than untreated biomass (52.81 mg/g of pomelo peels). Therefore, this study demonstrated the potential of pomelo peels to be used as an alternative raw material for value-added products rather than being a landfill or causal agent of pollution.

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