Selection of antibody and light exposure regimens alters therapeutic effects of EGFR-targeted near-infrared photoimmunotherapy

Abstract Background The possibility of assessing meat quality traits over the meat chain is strongly limited, especially in the context of selective breeding which requires a large number of phenotypes. The main objective of this study was to investigate the suitability of portable infrared spectrometers for phenotyping beef cattle aiming to genetically improving the quality of their meat. Meat quality traits (pH, color, water holding capacity, tenderness) were appraised on rib eye muscle samples of 1,327 Piemontese young bulls using traditional (i.e., reference/gold standard) laboratory analyses; the same traits were also predicted from spectra acquired at the abattoir on the intact muscle surface of the same animals 1 d after slaughtering. Genetic parameters were estimated for both laboratory measures of meat quality traits and their spectra-based predictions. Results The prediction performances of the calibration equations, assessed through external validation, were satisfactory for color traits (R2 from 0.52 to 0.80), low for pH and purge losses (R2 around 0.30), and very poor for cooking losses and tenderness (R2 below 0.20). Except for lightness and purge losses, the heritability estimates of most of the predicted traits were lower than those of the measured traits while the genetic correlations between measured and predicted traits were high (average value 0.81). Conclusions Results showed that NIRS predictions of color traits, pH, and purge losses could be used as indicator traits for the indirect genetic selection of the reference quality phenotypes. Results for cooking losses were less effective, while the NIR predictions of tenderness were affected by a relatively high uncertainty of estimate. Overall, genetic selection of some meat quality traits, whose direct phenotyping is difficult, can benefit of the application of infrared spectrometers technology.

Download Full-text

Hyperthermia by near infrared radiation induced immune cells activation and infiltration in breast tumor

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-89740-0 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Wan Fatin Amira Wan Mohd Zawawi ◽

M. H. Hibma ◽

M. I. Salim ◽

K. Jemon

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

T Cells ◽

Side Effects ◽

Immune Cells ◽

Infrared Radiation ◽

Near Infrared ◽

Tumor Regression ◽

Immunohistochemical Analysis ◽

Therapeutic Effects ◽

Near Infrared Radiation

AbstractBreast cancer is the most common cancer that causes death in women. Conventional therapies, including surgery and chemotherapy, have different therapeutic effects and are commonly associated with risks and side effects. Near infrared radiation is a technique with few side effects that is used for local hyperthermia, typically as an adjuvant to other cancer therapies. The understanding of the use of near NIR as a monotherapy, and its effects on the immune cells activation and infiltration, are limited. In this study, we investigate the effects of HT treatment using NIR on tumor regression and on the immune cells and molecules in breast tumors. Results from this study demonstrated that local HT by NIR at 43 °C reduced tumor progression and significantly increased the median survival of tumor-bearing mice. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed a significant reduction in cells proliferation in treated tumor, which was accompanied by an abundance of heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70). Increased numbers of activated dendritic cells were observed in the draining lymph nodes of the mice, along with infiltration of T cells, NK cells and B cells into the tumor. In contrast, tumor-infiltrated regulatory T cells were largely diminished from the tumor. In addition, higher IFN-γ and IL-2 secretion was observed in tumor of treated mice. Overall, results from this present study extends the understanding of using local HT by NIR to stimulate a favourable immune response against breast cancer.

Download Full-text

Facile fabricating of rGO and Au/rGO nanocomposites using Brassica oleracea var. gongylodes biomass for non-invasive approach in cancer therapy

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-91352-7 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Fatemeh Yousefimehr ◽

Saeed Jafarirad ◽

Roya Salehi ◽

Mohammad Sadegh Zakerhamidi

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Green Synthesis ◽

Cancer Cells ◽

Brassica Oleracea ◽

Photothermal Therapy ◽

Breast Cancer Cells ◽

Near Infrared ◽

Therapeutic Effects ◽

Invasive Approach ◽

Au Nps

AbstractIn this study, we report a facile green-synthesis route for the fabrication of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) using biomass of Brassica oleracea var. gongylodes (B. oleracea). In addition, we have attempted to provide a green synthesis approach to prepare Gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) on the surface of rGO by using stem extract of B. oleracea. The synthesized Au/rGO nanocomposite was evaluated using UV–visible and FTIR spectroscopy, XRD, Raman, FE-SEM, EDX, AFM and DLS techniques. The obtained results demonstrated that the synthesized Au NPs on the surface of rGO was spherical with sizes ranging about 12–18 nm. The Au/rGO NC was, also, developed as photo-synthesizer system for the photothermal therapy (PTT) of MCF7 breast cancer cells. The near-infrared (NIR) photothermal properties of Au/rGO NCs was evaluated using a continuous laser at 808 nm with power densities of 1 W.cm−2. Their photothermal efficacy on MCF7 breast cancer cells after optimizing the proper concentration of the NCs were evaluated by MTT assay, Cell cycle and DAPI staining. In addition, the potential of the synthesized Au/rGO NCs on reactive oxygen species generating and antioxidant activity were assessed by DPPH. Au/rGO NCs possess high capacity to light-to-heat conversion for absorption in range NIR light, and it is able to therapeutic effects on MCF7 cells at a low concentration. The maximum amount of cell death is 40.12% which was observed in treatment groups that received a combination of Au/rGO NCs and laser irradiation. The results demonstrate that the nanomaterials synthesized by green approach lead to efficient destruction of cancer cell and might thus serve as an excellent theranostic agent in Photothermal therapy applications.

Download Full-text

The Comparison Between Therapeutic Effects of Different Classes of Antidepressant Drugs in Treatment of Genetical and Reactional Depression

European Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/s0924-9338(09)70738-2 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 24 (S1) ◽

pp. 1-1

Author(s):

P. Molavi ◽

M. Karimollahi ◽

M. Faridi

Keyword(s):

Antidepressant Drugs ◽

Response Speed ◽

Point Of View ◽

Block Type ◽

Therapeutic Effects ◽

Response Type ◽

Analysis Method ◽

Dsm Iv ◽

Selection Of ◽

Analyze Data

Background:Depression as a common psychiatric disorder can occur in two types: Endogenous or genetic and exogenous or Reactional. These two types of depression, from the point of view of response speed to treatment and type of appropriate drug for treatment are different. This study has been executed to compare therapeutic effects of different classes of anti-depressant drugs in treatment of genetic and Reactional depression.Materials and methods:Present survey is a clinical-trial study, a completely randomly block type, that has performed on 30 patients (male and female). Selection of study sample accomplished randomly among unipolar depressed patients that has referred to Ardabil’s psychiatry clinic diagnosed based on DSM-IV criteria. Researcher - Made questionnaire, Beck, and Catelle depression test were used to collect data. To analyze data, for completely randomly blocked designs, two-factor variance analysis method and F test were used.Results:This study showed that Genetical depression does not response treatment Rapidly and its response type is not good and persistent. From the point of view of time, Reactional depression has a delaying response but its response type is good and persistent. In addition, no difference was observed in efficacy of different classes of drugs for treatment of these two types of depression. The results of this research showed that there is no difference between treatment response of two types of depression (Genetical and Reactional).Conclusions:There is no preference in efficacy of different classes of drugs in treatment of these two types of depression.

Download Full-text

Plasmonic Copper Sulfide Nanocrystals Exhibiting Near-Infrared Photothermal and Photodynamic Therapeutic Effects

ACS Nano ◽

10.1021/nn506687t ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 1788-1800 ◽

Cited By ~ 344

Author(s):

Shunhao Wang ◽

Andreas Riedinger ◽

Hongbo Li ◽

Changhui Fu ◽

Huiyu Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Copper Sulfide ◽

Near Infrared ◽

Therapeutic Effects ◽

Sulfide Nanocrystals

Download Full-text

New active learning algorithms for near-infrared spectroscopy in agricultural applications

at - Automatisierungstechnik ◽

10.1515/auto-2020-0143 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 69 (4) ◽

pp. 297-306

Author(s):

Julius Krause ◽

Maurice Günder ◽

Daniel Schulz ◽

Robin Gruna

Keyword(s):

Active Learning ◽

Near Infrared ◽

Agricultural Products ◽

Training Data ◽

Calibration Model ◽

Learning Approaches ◽

Training Samples ◽

Agricultural Applications ◽

Selection Of

Abstract The selection of training data determines the quality of a chemometric calibration model. In order to cover the entire parameter space of known influencing parameters, an experimental design is usually created. Nevertheless, even with a carefully prepared Design of Experiment (DoE), redundant reference analyses are often performed during the analysis of agricultural products. Because the number of possible reference analyses is usually very limited, the presented active learning approaches are intended to provide a tool for better selection of training samples.

Download Full-text

Substellar and low-mass dwarf identification with near-infrared imaging space observatories

Astronomy and Astrophysics ◽

10.1051/0004-6361/201832838 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 620 ◽

pp. A132 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

B. W. Holwerda ◽

J. S. Bridge ◽

R. Ryan ◽

M. A. Kenworthy ◽

N. Pirzkal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Near Infrared ◽

Infrared Imaging ◽

High Redshift ◽

Brown Dwarfs ◽

Wide Field ◽

Space Telescope ◽

Low Mass ◽

Space Observatories ◽

Broad Type ◽

Selection Of

Aims. We aim to evaluate the near-infrared colors of brown dwarfs as observed with four major infrared imaging space observatories: the Hubble Space Telescope (HST), the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST), the Euclid mission, and the WFIRST telescope. Methods. We used the SPLAT SPEX/ISPEX spectroscopic library to map out the colors of the M-, L-, and T-type dwarfs. We have identified which color–color combination is optimal for identifying broad type and which single color is optimal to then identify the subtype (e.g., T0-9). We evaluated each observatory separately as well as the narrow-field (HST and JWST) and wide-field (Euclid and WFIRST) combinations. Results. The Euclid filters perform equally well as HST wide filters in discriminating between broad types of brown dwarfs. WFIRST performs similarly well, despite a wider selection of filters. However, subtyping with any combination of Euclid and WFIRST observations remains uncertain due to the lack of medium, or narrow-band filters. We argue that a medium band added to the WFIRST filter selection would greatly improve its ability to preselect brown dwarfs its imaging surveys. Conclusions. The HST filters used in high-redshift searches are close to optimal to identify broad stellar type. However, the addition of F127M to the commonly used broad filter sets would allow for unambiguous subtyping. An improvement over HST is one of two broad and medium filter combinations on JWST: pairing F140M with either F150W or F162M discriminates very well between subtypes.

Download Full-text