Predator presence affects activity patterns but not food consumption or growth of juvenile corkwing wrasse (Symphodus melops)

A common environment experiment was conducted to assess the magnitude of the difference in growth, consumption, activity rate, and spatial and temporal patterns of habitat use between morphologically different populations of Arctic char ( Salvelinus alpinus ) originating from two Norwegian lakes. These two lakes contrasted sharply in terms of surface area, depth, elevation, length of the winter period, and fish community structure (presence–absence of brown trout, Salmo trutta ). The experimental framework encompassed four littoral enclosures (average volume, 146 m3) stocked with char from either of the two populations with duplicated treatments. Char morphology was quantified with numerical image analysis, food consumption was estimated using caesium analysis (133Cs), and activity cost and patterns were determined using video cameras. Char populations were morphologically distinct and reacted differently in growth (1.9-fold difference between populations), food consumption (3-fold difference), and spatial activity patterns (20-fold difference) to the conditions prevailing in the enclosures. The results highlight that functional differences between morphologically distinct char may drive important differences in their bioenergetic and behavioural responses when exposed to similar environmental conditions. Such functional differences should be incorporated when developing habitat or trophic cascade models.

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Activity Patterns, Thermoregulation and Food Consumption in two Sympatric Lizard Species (Podarcis muralis and P. sicula) from Central Italy

Journal of Animal Ecology ◽

10.2307/3928 ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 47 (1) ◽

pp. 143 ◽

Cited By ~ 51

Author(s):

R. A. Avery

Keyword(s):

Food Consumption ◽

Activity Patterns ◽

Central Italy ◽

Lizard Species ◽

Podarcis Muralis

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Hubungan Kompetensi Ibu, Aktivitas Fisik, dan Konsumsi Junk Food dengan Kejadian Obesitas pada Balita

Journal of Telenursing (JOTING) ◽

10.31539/joting.v1i1.500 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 119-130

Author(s):

Winarsi Pricilya Molintao ◽

Suhendar Sulaeman ◽

Nyimas Heny Purwanti

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Food Consumption ◽

Activity Patterns ◽

Total Sample ◽

Food Choices ◽

P Value ◽

Junk Food ◽

Maternal Competence ◽

Work Area ◽

Relationship Of

The purpose of this study is to know the correlations of maternal competence, physical activity, and consumption of junk food with the incidence of obesity in toddlers in the Work Area Puskesmas Bahu Kecamatan Malalayang Manado City. This research is an explanatory research (Explanatory Research). The total sample in this study was 98 children under five. The results showed no relationship between maternal competence with obesity characterized by p value 0.072. There is no relationship of junk food consumption with obesity characterized by p value 0.132. There is a relationship of physical activity with junk food consumption characterized by p value 0,132. There is a relationship of physical activity with junk food consumption marked with p value 0.000. There is a relationship of physical activity with obesity characterized by p value 0,016. There is a relationship between mother's competency and physical activity with a p value of 0,000. There is relationship of mother competence with junk food consumption marked with p value 0,011. regular nutrition counseling activities for children, parents, school teachers with extension materials, among others: more nutritional problems, including prevention, and impacts, healthy food choices, healthy consumption habits, and good activity patterns. Keyword: Mother Competence, Physical Activity, Consumption of Junk Food, Obesity

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Influence of dietary and activity patterns on weight status of Ukrainian school aged children

International Journal of Adolescent Medicine and Health ◽

10.1515/ijamh-2020-0184 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

Author(s):

Halyna Pavlyshyn ◽

Kateryna Kozak ◽

Victoriya Furdela ◽

Tetiana Kovalchuk ◽

Nataliia Luchyshyn ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Food Consumption ◽

Fast Food ◽

Weight Status ◽

Activity Patterns ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

Moderate Physical Activity ◽

School Students ◽

School Aged Children ◽

Fast Food Consumption

AbstractObjectivesDietary patterns and physical activity have significant influence on weight status. Despite numerous studies related to this topic, there is no existing research which provides complete population-based studies that identify the most significant predictors of pediatric obesity. Therefore, it has become the major goal of our study.Subjects and methodsThree hundred school students between 10 and 17 years of age were participating in our study. All of them are currently attending various schools in city of Ternopil, Ukraine. Anthropometric measurements were performed for all participants. Information about food consumption and physical activity was obtained from distributed questionnaire. Logistic regression was used to identify the significant predictors of obesity.ResultsLack of physical activity during week (OR=2.59 [95% CI 1.10–6.08]), long screen time in weekdays (OR=2.94 [95% CI 1.13–7.69]) and weekends (OR=3.63 [95% CI 1.55–8.50]), frequent consumption (OR=2.60 [95% CI 1.30–5.19]) and high amounts (OR=2.52 [95% CI 1.26–5.05]) of sweet beverages, fast-food consumption (OR=30.97 [95% CI 1.46–657.60]) and overeating (OR=3.99 [95% CI 1.26–5.05]) have increased chance to be overweight in children 10–17 years of age (p<0.05).ConclusionDecreased frequency in moderate physical activity per week, increased amount of sugar-sweetened beverages, fast-food consumption per day and food consumption without hunger, appear to be the most significant predictors of overweight and obesity among Ukrainian school-aged children.

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Predicting spatial activity patterns in a neural map from a probabilistic atlas of 3-D reconstructed neurons

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100140439 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 53 ◽

pp. 812-813

Author(s):

G. Jacobs ◽

F. Theunissen

Keyword(s):

Activity Patterns ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Sensory System ◽

Neural System ◽

Probabilistic Atlas ◽

Uniform Sample ◽

Dimensional Reconstruction ◽

The Time Domain ◽

And Function ◽

Visualization Techniques

In order to understand how the algorithms underlying neural computation are implemented within any neural system, it is necessary to understand details of the anatomy, physiology and global organization of the neurons from which the system is constructed. Information is represented in neural systems by patterns of activity that vary in both their spatial extent and in the time domain. One of the great challenges to microscopists is to devise methods for imaging these patterns of activity and to correlate them with the underlying neuroanatomy and physiology. We have addressed this problem by using a combination of three dimensional reconstruction techniques, quantitative analysis and computer visualization techniques to build a probabilistic atlas of a neural map in an insect sensory system. The principal goal of this study was to derive a quantitative representation of the map, based on a uniform sample of afferents that was of sufficient size to allow statistically meaningful analyses of the relationships between structure and function.

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Influence of Maternal Education on Food Consumption and Energy and Nutrient Intake in a Group of Pre-School Children from Madrid

International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research ◽

10.1024/0300-9831.73.6.439 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 73 (6) ◽

pp. 439-445 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Navia ◽

Ortega ◽

Requejo ◽

Perea ◽

López-Sobaler ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Food Consumption ◽

School Children ◽

Food Habits ◽

Nutrient Intake ◽

Maternal Education ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Dietary Adequacy ◽

Consumption Energy ◽

Maternal Educational Level ◽

Energy And Nutrient Intake

A study was conducted on the influence of maternal education level on food consumption, energy and nutrient intake, and dietary adequacy in 110 pre-school children from Madrid, Spain. With increasing maternal education, children consumed more sugar (p < 0.05), fruit (p < 0.05), and fish (p < 0.05). Snacking was more frequent with decreasing maternal education (p < 0.05). Though statistical significance was not reached, the consumption of pre-cooked foods was greater among children of mothers educated to a higher level, a phenomenon probably related to the work situation of these women. With respect to dietary composition, no significant differences were found between groups for macronutrient, fiber and energy intakes, except for energy supplied by polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), which was greater in the children of less educated women (p < 0.01). This is probably due to their greater consumption of sunflower seed oil. The diets of children belonging to well-educated mothers came closer to meeting the recommended intakes for folate, vitamin C, and iodine. It would seem that maternal educational level influences the food habits of children. Mothers with less education may require special advice in this area.

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Inducing Unconscious Stress

Journal of Psychophysiology ◽

10.1027/0269-8803/a000247 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 34 (3) ◽

pp. 192-201

Author(s):

Melanie M. van der Ploeg ◽

Jos F. Brosschot ◽

Markus Quirin ◽

Richard D. Lane ◽

Bart Verkuil

Keyword(s):

Repeated Measures ◽

Activity Patterns ◽

Physiological Changes ◽

Implicit Measures ◽

Prime Word ◽

Student Sample ◽

Priming Task ◽

Subject Design ◽

The Relationship ◽

Stress And Health

Abstract. Stress-related stimuli may be presented outside of awareness and may ultimately influence health by causing repetitive increases in physiological parameters, such as blood pressure (BP). In this study, we aimed to corroborate previous studies that demonstrated BP effects of subliminally presented stress-related stimuli. This would add evidence to the hypothesis that unconscious manifestations of stress can affect somatic health. Additionally, we suggest that these findings may be extended by measuring affective changes relating to these physiological changes, using measures for self-reported and implicit positive and negative affectivity. Using a repeated measures between-subject design, we presented either the prime word “angry” ( n = 26) or “relax” ( n = 28) subliminally (17 ms) for 100 trials to a student sample and measured systolic and diastolic BP, heart rate (HR), and affect. The “angry” prime, compared to the “relax” prime, did not affect any of the outcome variables. During the priming task, a higher level of implicit negative affect (INA) was associated with a lower systolic BP and diastolic BP. No association was found with HR. Self-reported affect and implicit positive affect were not related to the cardiovascular (CV) activity. In sum, anger and relax primes elicited similar CV activity patterns, but implicit measures of affect may provide a new method to examine the relationship between (unconscious) stress and health.

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Men’s Hunger, Food Consumption, and Preferences for Female Body Types

Social Psychology ◽

10.1027/1864-9335/a000210 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 45 (6) ◽

pp. 495-497 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Nicolas Guéguen

Keyword(s):

Food Consumption ◽

Female Body ◽

The Body ◽

Slender Body ◽

Mediation Effect ◽

Point Scale ◽

Body Type ◽

Experimental Conditions

Nelson and Morrison (2005 , study 3) reported that men who feel hungry preferred heavier women. The present study replicates these results by using real photographs of women and examines the mediation effect of hunger scores. Men were solicited while entering or leaving a restaurant and asked to report their hunger on a 10-point scale. Afterwards, they were presented with three photographs of a woman in a bikini: One with a slim body type, one with a slender body type, and one with a slightly chubby body. The participants were asked to indicate their preference. Results showed that the participants entering the restaurant preferred the chubby body type more while satiated men preferred the thinner or slender body types. It was also found that the relation between experimental conditions and the choices of the body type was mediated by men’s hunger scores.

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