Nitric oxide enhances aluminum tolerance by affecting cell wall polysaccharides in rice roots

2011 ◽  
Vol 30 (9) ◽  
pp. 1701-1711 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeyong Zhang ◽  
Huahua Wang ◽  
Xiaomin Wang ◽  
Yurong Bi
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Cell Wall ◽  
Aluminum Tolerance ◽  
Cell Wall Polysaccharides ◽  
Rice Roots

scholarly journals Effects of lead toxicity on growth and cell wall extensibility in rice seedlings

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 333-336
Author(s):  
Mohammad Talim Hossain ◽  
Kouichi Soga ◽  
Kazuyuki Wakabayashi ◽  
Takayuki Hoson
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Lead Nitrate ◽  
Lead Toxicity ◽  
Growth Suppression ◽  
Rice Seedlings ◽  
Cell Wall Extensibility ◽  
Cell Wall Polysaccharides ◽  
Rice Roots ◽  
Pb Ions ◽  
Wall Extensibility

The effect of lead (Pb) on growth and mechanical properties of cell wall was investigated in rice seedlings. Caryopses of rice were germinated and grown in various concentrations of lead nitrate for 5 days at 250C in the dark. Growth of rice seedlings was suppressed by Pb ions; significant suppression was caused by low concentration of Pb as 1 μM. Growth suppression was prominent in roots, but not clear in shoot organs, such as coleoptiles or first leaves, suggesting that roots are the primary target of Pb toxicity. The analysis of the cell wall extensibility of rice roots grown in Pb solution indicated that the cell wall extensibility was greatly decreased with increased concentration of Pb ions. These results suggest that Pb may influence the synthesis of cell wall polysaccharides, thereby decreasing the cell wall extensibility, resulting in growth suppression in rice roots.

Relationships between Soybean Seed Cell Wall Polysaccharides, Yield, and Seed Traits

Crop Science ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 571 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. K. Stombaugh ◽  
J. H. Orf ◽  
H. G. Jung ◽  
D. A. Somers
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Soybean Seed ◽  
Seed Traits ◽  
Cell Wall Polysaccharides ◽  
Seed Cell

scholarly journals Plant Cell Wall Hydration and Plant Physiology: An Exploration of the Consequences of Direct Effects of Water Deficit on the Plant Cell Wall

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1263
Author(s):  
David Stuart Thompson ◽  
Azharul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Bacterial Cellulose ◽  
Plant Cell ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Plant Cell Wall ◽  
Plant Cell Walls ◽  
Cell Wall Polysaccharides ◽  
Degree Of Hydration ◽  
Cellulose Composites

The extensibility of synthetic polymers is routinely modulated by the addition of lower molecular weight spacing molecules known as plasticizers, and there is some evidence that water may have similar effects on plant cell walls. Furthermore, it appears that changes in wall hydration could affect wall behavior to a degree that seems likely to have physiological consequences at water potentials that many plants would experience under field conditions. Osmotica large enough to be excluded from plant cell walls and bacterial cellulose composites with other cell wall polysaccharides were used to alter their water content and to demonstrate that the relationship between water potential and degree of hydration of these materials is affected by their composition. Additionally, it was found that expansins facilitate rehydration of bacterial cellulose and cellulose composites and cause swelling of plant cell wall fragments in suspension and that these responses are also affected by polysaccharide composition. Given these observations, it seems probable that plant environmental responses include measures to regulate cell wall water content or mitigate the consequences of changes in wall hydration and that it may be possible to exploit such mechanisms to improve crop resilience.

scholarly journals PUL-Mediated Plant Cell Wall Polysaccharide Utilization in the Gut Bacteroidetes

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 3077
Author(s):  
Zhenzhen Hao ◽  
Xiaolu Wang ◽  
Haomeng Yang ◽  
Tao Tu ◽  
Jie Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Microbial Community ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Plant Cell ◽  
Plant Cell Wall ◽  
Cell Wall Polysaccharide ◽  
Prominent Feature ◽  
Cell Wall Polysaccharides ◽  
Gut Microbial Community

Plant cell wall polysaccharides (PCWP) are abundantly present in the food of humans and feed of livestock. Mammalians by themselves cannot degrade PCWP but rather depend on microbes resident in the gut intestine for deconstruction. The dominant Bacteroidetes in the gut microbial community are such bacteria with PCWP-degrading ability. The polysaccharide utilization systems (PUL) responsible for PCWP degradation and utilization are a prominent feature of Bacteroidetes. In recent years, there have been tremendous efforts in elucidating how PULs assist Bacteroidetes to assimilate carbon and acquire energy from PCWP. Here, we will review the PUL-mediated plant cell wall polysaccharides utilization in the gut Bacteroidetes focusing on cellulose, xylan, mannan, and pectin utilization and discuss how the mechanisms can be exploited to modulate the gut microbiota.

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